放入 main() 定義時代碼不起作用

Question

我正在嘗試為自動井字游戲改進我的代碼，您可以在其中查看 player1 如果他將第一步放在中間是否具有優勢。 我現在正在嘗試改進我的代碼，因為它有點亂，但是當我嘗試這樣做時，程序不再工作，我不明白為什么。

簡單介紹一下我的程序：開始的時候會問How many games do you want to simulate? ，那么你必須在How big playing surface (3/5/7)? 最后你必須選擇你想在什么場景下玩What scenario? ，其中 1 = player1 從中間開始，所有其他動作都是自動的，2 = 所有動作都是自動的。 然后，您將獲得包含所有游戲回合統計數據的直方圖。

我開始的代碼在底部有程序的實際啟動，沒有定義它們，即我的“游戲”、“k”和“h”的定義適用於所有定義。 我想改變這一點，以便 main() function 開始游戲，所以我把它們放在 main() 下。 我還在所有需要它們的功能中添加了“游戲”、“k”和“h”作為元素。 但是現在即使我在“ How many games do you want to simulate? 它既不打印統計數據。

我將添加我的兩個代碼，它主要是我已更改的最后一個 main() function，並且還標記了關於我已更改的內容的注釋。 我希望有人可以幫我看看為什么這不起作用？ 雖然我沒有在代碼中添加新的東西，但對我來說似乎很奇怪，只是將最后一個代碼放在 function 下。 我的第一個代碼：

import numpy as np
import random 
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# creating an empty board
def create_board(k):
    return np.zeros((k,k), dtype=int)

def possibilities(board): 
 
    lst = [] 
   
    for i in range(len(board)): 
        for j in range(len(board)): 
           
            if board[i][j] == 0: 
                lst.append((i, j)) 
    return(lst)

def first_move(board):
    l=[]
    
    for i in range(len(board)): 
         for j in range(len(board)): 
             
             if k == 3:
                 if board[i][j] == 0: 
                     l.append((1, 1)) 
             if k == 5:
                 if board[i][j] == 0: 
                     l.append((2, 2)) 
             if k == 7:
                 if board[i][j] == 0: 
                     l.append((3, 3)) 
    return(l) 

def random_place(board, player): 
    selection = possibilities(board) 
    current_loc = random.choice(selection)
    board[current_loc] = player 
    return(board) 

def first_place(board, player):
    
    player = 1
    selection = first_move(board) 
    current_loc = random.choice(selection) 
    board[current_loc] = player 
    return(board) 

def check_row(board, player):
    for x in range(len(board)): 
        win = True
      
        for y in range(len(board)): 
            if board[x, y] != player: 
                win = False
                continue
              
        if win == True: 
            return(win) 
    return(win) 

def check_column(board, player):
      for x in range(len(board)): 
        win = True
      
        for y in range(len(board)): 
            if board[y][x] != player: 
                win = False
                continue
              
        if win == True: 
            return(win) 
      return(win) 

def check_diagonal(board, player):
    win = True
    y = 0
    for x in range(len(board)): 
        if board[x, x] != player: 
            win = False
    if win: 
        return win 
    win = True
    if win: 
        for x in range(len(board)): 
            y = len(board) - 1 - x 
            if board[x, y] != player: 
                win = False
    return win 


def evaluate(board): 
    winner = 0
   
    for player in [1, 2]: 
        if (check_row(board, player) or
            check_column(board,player) or
            check_diagonal(board,player)): 
              
            winner = player 
           
    if np.all(board != 0) and winner == 0: 
        winner = -1
    return winner

def scenrio(h):
    if h == 1:
        
        board, winner, counter = create_board(k), 0, 1
      
        while winner == 0: 
            for player in [2, 1]:  
                board = first_place(board, player)
                board = random_place(board, player) 
                print("Board after " + str(counter) + " move") 
                print(board)  
                counter += 1
                winner = evaluate(board) 
                if winner != 0: 
                    break
        return(winner) 
        
        scenrio(h)
            
    if h == 2:
        board, winner, counter = create_board(k), 0, 1
      
        while winner == 0: 
            for player in [1, 2]:  
                board = random_place(board, player) 
                print("Board after " + str(counter) + " move") 
                print(board)  
                counter += 1
                winner = evaluate(board) 
                if winner != 0: 
                    break
        return(winner) 
    
def print_and_save_stats():
    
    player1wins=0
    player2wins=0
    ties=0 
    
    for game in range(games):
        result=main(k)
        if result==-1: ties+=1
        elif result==1: player1wins+=1
        else: player2wins+=1
        
        print('Player 1 wins:',player1wins)
        print('Player 2 wins:',player2wins)
        print('Tie:',ties)
 
    # Fake dataset
    height = [player1wins, player2wins, ties]
    bars = ('Player 1', 'Player 2', 'Tie')
    y_pos = np.arange(len(bars))
     
    # Create bars and choose color
    plt.bar(y_pos, height, color = (0.5,0.1,0.5,0.6))
     
    # Add title and axis names
    plt.title('My title')
    plt.xlabel('')
    plt.ylabel('')
     
    # Limits for the Y axis
    plt.ylim(0,games)
     
    # Create names
    plt.xticks(y_pos, bars)
     
    # Show graphic
    plt.show()
    

def main(playing_surface_size):

   k = playing_surface_size

   board, winner, counter = create_board(k), 0, 1
    
   return scenrio(h)

games=int(input("How many games do you want to simulate? "))
k = int(input("How big playing surface (3/5/7)? "))
h = int(input('What scenario? '))

print_and_save_stats()

我的精煉代碼是：

import numpy as np
import random 
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# creating an empty board
def create_board(k):
    return np.zeros((k,k), dtype=int)

def possibilities(board): 
 
    lst = [] 
   
    for i in range(len(board)): 
        for j in range(len(board)): 
           
            if board[i][j] == 0: 
                lst.append((i, j)) 
    return(lst)

def first_move(board, k): # here I added k as an element in the def
    l=[]
    
    for i in range(len(board)): 
         for j in range(len(board)): 
             
             if k == 3:
                 if board[i][j] == 0: 
                     l.append((1, 1)) 
             if k == 5:
                 if board[i][j] == 0: 
                     l.append((2, 2)) 
             if k == 7:
                 if board[i][j] == 0: 
                     l.append((3, 3)) 
    return(l) 

def random_place(board, player): 
    selection = possibilities(board) 
    current_loc = random.choice(selection)
    board[current_loc] = player 
    return(board) 

def first_place(board, player, k): # here I added k as an element in the def
    
    player = 1
    selection = first_move(board, k) 
    current_loc = random.choice(selection) 
    board[current_loc] = player 
    return(board) 

def check_row(board, player):
    for x in range(len(board)): 
        win = True
      
        for y in range(len(board)): 
            if board[x, y] != player: 
                win = False
                continue
              
        if win == True: 
            return(win) 
    return(win) 

def check_column(board, player):
      for x in range(len(board)): 
        win = True
      
        for y in range(len(board)): 
            if board[y][x] != player: 
                win = False
                continue
              
        if win == True: 
            return(win) 
      return(win) 

def check_diagonal(board, player):
    win = True
    y = 0
    for x in range(len(board)): 
        if board[x, x] != player: 
            win = False
    if win: 
        return win 
    win = True
    if win: 
        for x in range(len(board)): 
            y = len(board) - 1 - x 
            if board[x, y] != player: 
                win = False
    return win 


def evaluate(board): 
    winner = 0
   
    for player in [1, 2]: 
        if (check_row(board, player) or
            check_column(board,player) or
            check_diagonal(board,player)): 
              
            winner = player 
           
    if np.all(board != 0) and winner == 0: 
        winner = -1
    return winner

def scenrio(h, k): # here I added k as an element in the def
    if h == 1:
        
        board, winner, counter = create_board(k), 0, 1
      
        while winner == 0: 
            for player in [2, 1]:  
                board = first_place(board, player, k) # here I added k as an element
                board = random_place(board, player) 
                print("Board after " + str(counter) + " move") 
                print(board)  
                counter += 1
                winner = evaluate(board) 
                if winner != 0: 
                    break
        return(winner) 
            
    if h == 2:
        board, winner, counter = create_board(k), 0, 1
      
        while winner == 0: 
            for player in [1, 2]:  
                board = random_place(board, player) 
                print("Board after " + str(counter) + " move") 
                print(board)  
                counter += 1
                winner = evaluate(board) 
                if winner != 0: 
                    break
        return(winner) 
    
def print_and_save_stats(games): # here I added games as an element in the def
    
    player1wins=0
    player2wins=0
    ties=0 
    
    for game in range(games): 
        result=main() # here I removed k as an element in main()
        if result==-1: ties+=1
        elif result==1: player1wins+=1
        else: player2wins+=1
        
        print('Player 1 wins:',player1wins)
        print('Player 2 wins:',player2wins)
        print('Tie:',ties)
 
    # Fake dataset
    height = [player1wins, player2wins, ties]
    bars = ('Player 1', 'Player 2', 'Tie')
    y_pos = np.arange(len(bars))
     
    # Create bars and choose color
    plt.bar(y_pos, height, color = (0.5,0.1,0.5,0.6))
     
    # Add title and axis names
    plt.title('My title')
    plt.xlabel('')
    plt.ylabel('')
     
    # Limits for the Y axis
    plt.ylim(0,games)
     
    # Create names
    plt.xticks(y_pos, bars)
     
    # Show graphic
    plt.show()
    

def main(): # here i made a main() function that starts the game and removed playing_surface_size
    
   games=int(input("How many games do you want to simulate? "))
   k = int(input("How big playing surface (3/5/7)? "))
   h = int(input('What scenario? '))
   
   return scenrio(h, k)
   
   return print_and_save_stats(games)

   board, winner, counter = create_board(k), 0, 1

Answer 1

看起來你已經定義了一個main() function，但你沒有調用它。

調用它的通常方法是將其放在腳本的底部

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()