Hyperledger Fabric：無法更新節點 SDK 中的證書屬性

Question

我正在制作一個使用Hyperledger Fabric Node SDK的區塊鏈應用程序。 當用戶注冊時，用戶的證書將作為身份添加到錢包中。 現在我存儲在用戶證書中的屬性是email 和 password 。 此外，用戶的密碼不會存儲在其他任何地方，而只會存儲在證書中。 現在，我還需要更新用戶的密碼。

在互聯網上搜索，我知道證書中的屬性可以使用 Node 中提供的identityService 的更新 function進行更新，如果您使用的是 identityService 的更新 function，則無需重新注冊用戶。 問題是我試過了，響應顯示更新的密碼。 但是當我檢查證書時，舊密碼仍然存在，即尚未更新。 我將fabric-ca-client package 用於 FabricCAServices，將x509 package 用於 x509 證書。

我注冊和注冊用戶的代碼如下：

let ccp = await getCCP(orgName);
const caURL = await getCaUrl(orgName, ccp)
const ca = new FabricCAServices(caURL);
    
const walletPath = await getWalletPath(orgName);
const wallet = await Wallets.newFileSystemWallet(walletPath);
logger.info(`Wallet path: ${walletPath}`);

const userIdentity = await wallet.get(email); //getting user from the wallet
if (userIdentity) //if found so user is already registered
{
    return "User Already Exists";
}
    
//else user does not exist so checking if admin exists
let adminIdentity = await wallet.get('admin'); //getting admin from wallet
if (!adminIdentity) { //if not found so admin does not exist
    logger.debug('An identity for the admin user "admin" does not exist in the wallet');
    await enrollAdmin(orgName, ccp); //enrolling the admin
    adminIdentity = await wallet.get('admin');
    logger.debug("Admin Enrolled Successfully");
}

//now admin exists, so making a user object for authenticating with the CA(i.e. admin)
const provider = wallet.getProviderRegistry().getProvider(adminIdentity.type);
const adminUser = await provider.getUserContext(adminIdentity, 'admin');
let secret;
try {
    //registering the user, enrolling the user, and importing the new identity into the wallet.
    secret = await ca.register({ affiliation: 'org1.department1', enrollmentID: email, role: 'client', attrs: [{name: 'userType', value: userType, ecert: true},{name: 'password', value: password, ecert: true}]}, adminUser);
} catch (error) {
    return error.message;
}

const enrollment = await ca.enroll({ enrollmentID: email, enrollmentSecret: secret, attr_reqs: [{  name: 'userType', optional: false }, {  name: 'password', optional: false }] });

let x509Identity;
if (orgName == "Org1") {
    x509Identity = {
        credentials: {
            certificate: enrollment.certificate,
            privateKey: enrollment.key.toBytes(),
        },
        mspId: 'Org1MSP',
        type: 'X.509',
    };
} else if (orgName == "Org2") {
    x509Identity = {
        credentials: {
            certificate: enrollment.certificate,
            privateKey: enrollment.key.toBytes(),
        },
        mspId: 'Org2MSP',
        type: 'X.509',
    };
}
await wallet.put(email, x509Identity); //adding user to wallet
return "Registered!";

我檢查存儲在密碼中的屬性的代碼是：

//Getting wallet path for orgName...
const walletPath = await getWalletPath(orgName);
const wallet = await Wallets.newFileSystemWallet(walletPath);
logger.info(`Wallet path: ${walletPath}`);

//getting this user from the wallet
const userIdentity = await wallet.get(email);
if (userIdentity) { //if found i.e. user is registered
    //parsing certificate to get password
    var issuer = x509.parseCert(userIdentity.credentials.certificate);
    var jsn = issuer.extensions['1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.1'];
    jsn = jsn.substring(2);
    jsn = (JSON.parse(jsn));
    //here jsn.attrs.password has the password
}

我用來更新證書屬性的代碼是：

let ccp = await getCCP(orgName);
const caURL = await getCaUrl(orgName, ccp);
const ca = new FabricCAServices(caURL);

//Getting wallet path for orgName...
const walletPath = await getWalletPath(orgName);
const wallet = await Wallets.newFileSystemWallet(walletPath);
logger.info(`Wallet path: ${walletPath}`);

const userIdentity = await wallet.get(email); //getting this user from the wallet
if (userIdentity) { //if found i.e. user is registered

    //Create a new gateway for connecting to our peer node
    const gateway = new Gateway();
    await gateway.connect(ccp, { wallet, identity: email, discovery: { enabled: true, asLocalhost: true } });

    const identityService = ca.newIdentityService();

    let adminIdentity = await wallet.get('admin'); //getting admin from wallet
    //now making a user object of the admin
    const provider = wallet.getProviderRegistry().getProvider(adminIdentity.type);
    const adminUser = await provider.getUserContext(adminIdentity, 'admin');

    var theIdentityRequest = { enrollmentID: email, affiliation: 'org1.department1', attrs: [ {name: 'userType', value: 'Student', ecert: true},{name: 'password', value: newPassword, ecert: true} ] };

    logger.warn("The Request: ", theIdentityRequest);

    let response = await identityService.update(email, theIdentityRequest, adminUser);
                
    logger.warn("userIdenity attributes: ",response.result.attrs);

    await gateway.disconnect();
}

我想知道為什么證書仍然有舊密碼以及如何更新證書中的密碼。 而且我還想知道 identityService 是否更新了 x509 證書中的屬性，還是為此重新注冊了必要的用戶？

Answer 1

您可以按照您所說的reenroll來修復它。

IdentityService的update命令是更新 CA 中registered用戶的身份。
由於這不是更新證書的過程，因此獲取包含新修改的Attr的證書的唯一方法是獲取新證書（該證書是 X.509 標准）。

---

為什么 attr 更改需要新證書？

• Fabric一般使用X.509證書標准方法。（不使用idemix時）
• 其實不只是Fabric，幾乎所有web上的證書都遵循標准。
• 在 Fabric 中， Attr存在於 X509(v3) 證書的extensions中，格式如下。

X509v3 extensions:
    ...
    1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.1:
        {"attrs":{"hf.Affiliation":"org1.department1","hf.EnrollmentID":"appUser5","hf.Type":"client","userType":"userType"}}
    ...

• 換句話說，當Attr被修改時， extensions被修改。
• 在 X.509(v3) 中， extenstions也包含在證書完整性驗證過程中。
• 完整性驗證過程基於PKI和Hash實現，並以 CA 簽署的signature附加到證書的散列數據（包括擴展）的形式提供。
• 即如果修改了extensions ，則必須修改證書中的signature ，這意味着必須頒發新的證書。

---

回到面料，

• reenroll命令是基於registered user newly issuing注冊用戶數據的行為。
• updating后，通過reenroll命令頒發新證書，獲取對應證書中包含new Attrs的證書。

以下示例代碼已經過測試並且可以工作。 看到這個。

// registerUser, enrollUser, updateUser, reEnrollUser

/*
 * Copyright IBM Corp. All Rights Reserved.
 *
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 */

'use strict';

const { Wallets } = require('fabric-network');
const FabricCAServices = require('fabric-ca-client');
const fs = require('fs');
const path = require('path');

async function main() {
    try {
        // 0. given, already enrolled 'admin'
        const ccpPath = path.resolve(__dirname, '..', '..', 'test-network', 'organizations', 'peerOrganizations', 'org1.example.com', 'connection-org1.json');
        const ccp = JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync(ccpPath, 'utf8'));
        const caURL = ccp.certificateAuthorities['ca.org1.example.com'].url;
        const ca = new FabricCAServices(caURL);
        const walletPath = path.join(process.cwd(), 'wallet');
        const wallet = await Wallets.newFileSystemWallet(walletPath);
        const provider = wallet.getProviderRegistry().getProvider('X.509');
        
        // 1. register testUser
        const adminIdentity = await wallet.get('admin');
        const appUser = 'testUser';
        const adminUser = await provider.getUserContext(adminIdentity, 'admin');
        const secret = await ca.register({
                affiliation: 'org1.department2',
                attrs: [{name: 'userType', value: 'userType', ecert: true}],
                enrollmentID: appUser,
                role: 'client'
        }, adminUser);

        // 2. enroll testUser
        const enrollment = await ca.enroll({
                enrollmentID: appUser,
                enrollmentSecret: secret
        });
        const x509Identity = {
                credentials: {
                        certificate: enrollment.certificate,
                        privateKey: enrollment.key.toBytes(),
                },
                mspId: 'Org1MSP',
                type: 'X.509',
        };
        await wallet.put(appUser, x509Identity);

        // 3. update testUser's Identity in Fabric-CA
        const appUserIdentity = await wallet.get(appUser);
        const newAppUser = await provider.getUserContext(appUserIdentity, appUser);
        const identityService = ca.newIdentityService();
        var theIdentityRequest = { enrollmentID: appUser, affiliation: 'org1.department1', attrs: [ {name: 'userType', value: 'Student', ecert: true} ] };
        let response = await identityService.update(appUser, theIdentityRequest, adminUser);
        console.log("userIdenity attributes: ", response.result.attrs);

        // 4. reenroll testUser
        const newEnrollment = await ca.reenroll(newAppUser);
        const newX509Identity = {
                credentials: {
                        certificate: newEnrollment.certificate,
                        privateKey: newEnrollment.key.toBytes(),
                },
                mspId: 'Org1MSP',
                type: 'X.509',
        };
        await wallet.put(`new_${appUser}`, newX509Identity);

    } catch (error) {
        console.error(`Failed to register user "appUser": ${error}`);
        process.exit(1);
    }
}

ls wallet
testUser.id  new_testUser.id

docode 頒發證書的結果（更新hf.Affiliation和userType ）

// attrs in 'enroll' Certificate's extensions
{"attrs": "hf.Affiliation":"org1.department2","hf.EnrollmentID":"testUser","hf.Type":"client","userType":"userType"}}

// attrs in 'reenroll' Certificate's extensions
{"attrs":{"hf.Affiliation":"org1.department1","hf.EnrollmentID":"testUser","hf.Type":"client","userType":"Student"}}

---

[PS] 看客戶身份標明的Version ，好像有辦法升級現有的，但我沒有檢查或嘗試過。