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將列表的字典轉換為字典列表

[英]Converting dict of lists into list of dicts

我有一本像這樣的字典:

{
    "var1": [0, 1],
    "var2": ["foo", "bar"]
}

鑒於上述情況,我想最終得到一個字典列表,如下所示:

[
    { "var1_0_var2_foo": {"var1": 0, "var2": "foo"} },
    { "var1_1_var2_bar": {"var1": 1, "var2": "bar"} }
]

原始字典中每個列表中的鍵和元素的數量是可變的,可以是任何東西。

這是我看起來凌亂但有效的解決方案:

source = {
    'x': ['a', 'b'],
    'y': [0, 1],
    'z': ['foo', 'bar']
}

target = []


names = list(source.keys())
lists = list(source.values())
zipped = list(zip(*lists))

for item in zipped:
    full_name = ""
    full_dict = {}
    for idx, value in enumerate(item):
        full_name += f"{names[idx]}_{value}_"
        full_dict[names[idx]] = value
    full_name = full_name.rstrip('_')
    target.append({full_name: full_dict})

print(target)

Output:

[
    {'x_a_y_0_z_foo': {'x': 'a', 'y': 0, 'z': 'foo'}}, 
    {'x_b_y_1_z_bar': {'x': 'b', 'y': 1, 'z': 'bar'}}
]

以上工作,但我想知道是否有更好的優雅pythonic方式來做到這一點?

from itertools import chain

spam = {'x': ['a', 'b'],
        'y': [0, 1],
        'z': ['foo', 'bar']}

eggs = []
for item in zip(*spam.values()):
    key = '_'.join(chain(*zip(spam.keys(), map(str, item))))
    eggs.append({key:dict(zip(spam.keys(), item))})

print(eggs)

output

[{'x_a_y_0_z_foo': {'x': 'a', 'y': 0, 'z': 'foo'}},
 {'x_b_y_1_z_bar': {'x': 'b', 'y': 1, 'z': 'bar'}}]

我不明白 output 列表中的外部字典的原因是什么,為什么不只是字典 output 的列表:

data = {
'var1': [0, 1],
'var2': ["foo", "bar"]}

output = [dict(zip(data, vars)) for vars in zip(*data.values())]

[{'var1': 0, 'var2': 'foo'}, {'var1': 1, 'var2': 'bar'}]

這是使用列表理解和 lambda 函數執行此操作的 pythonic 方法 -

d = {
    'x': ['a', 'b'],
    'y': [0, 1],
    'z': ['foo', 'bar']
}

f = lambda x: {i:j for i,j in zip(d,x)}  #Creates the values of final output
g = lambda x: '_'.join([str(j) for i in zip(d,x) for j in i])  #Creates the keys of final output

target = [{g(i):f(i)} for i in zip(*d.values())]
print(target)
[{'x_a_y_0_z_foo': {'x': 'a', 'y': 0, 'z': 'foo'}},
 {'x_b_y_1_z_bar': {'x': 'b', 'y': 1, 'z': 'bar'}}]

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