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TypeScript 類型別名以選擇與 object 中可能存在或不存在的一組仲裁鍵匹配的 object 的值

[英]TypeScript type alias to pick values of an object matching a set of arbitratry keys that may or may not exist in the object

考慮以下:

type X = {foo: string};
type Y = {foo: number};
type Z = {foo: string, bar: number};
type W = {bar: string};
type Q = {baz: string};

type ValueOf<T, K> = ...

我想為任意字符串鍵的聯合創建ValueOf類型 - 它可能是也可能不是目標 object 的一部分 - 匹配目標 object與任何這些鍵相對應的任何值。

ValueOf<X, 'foo' | 'bar'> -> should give 'string'
ValueOf<Y, 'foo' | 'bar'> -> should give 'number'
ValueOf<Z, 'foo' | 'bar'> -> should give 'string' | 'number'
ValueOf<W, 'foo' | 'bar'> -> should give 'string'
ValueOf<Q, 'foo' | 'bar'> -> should give 'unknown'

我試過像這樣創建ValueOf

type ValueOf<T, K extends keyof any> = K extends keyof T ? T[K] : unknown;

但是,這不起作用,因為'foo' | 'bar' 'foo' | 'bar'沒有擴展keyof X因為X沒有foobar作為鍵,所以結果是unknown 我需要的是從目標 object 中選擇任何匹配鍵並忽略 rest 的類型。 只有當沒有鍵匹配時,結果才應該是unknown

這可能嗎?

我得到的最接近的是將聯合類型拆分為多個 arguments,但這顯然不會變得靈活:

type ValueOf<T, K1 extends keyof any, K2 extends keyof any, K3 extends keyof any> = 
  K1 extends keyof T ? T[K1] : 
    K2 extends keyof T ? T[K2] : 
      K3 extends keyof T ? T[K3] : 
        unknown;

在這里,您必須始終准確地提供三個備用鍵名。 可以為K1, K2, K3使用默認類型neverany ,但無法默認為unknown ,因此這在一般情況下用處不大。

分布式條件類型的解決方案

分布式條件類型在實例化期間自動分布在聯合類型上。 例如, T extends U? X: Y T extends U? X: Y類型參數A | B | C A | B | C TA | B | C被解析為(A extends U? X: Y) | (B extends U? X: Y) | (C extends U? X: Y) (A extends U? X: Y) | (B extends U? X: Y) | (C extends U? X: Y) (A extends U? X: Y) | (B extends U? X: Y) | (C extends U? X: Y)

type SelectExistingKeysOf<T, K extends String> = K extends keyof T  
  ? T[K] 
  : never;

type ValueOf<T, K extends String> = SelectExistingKeysOf<T, K> extends never 
  ? unknown 
  : SelectExistingKeysOf<T, K>;
 
type test1 = ValueOf<X, 'foo' | 'bar'>;     // string
type test2 = ValueOf<X, 'foo'>;             // string
type test3 = ValueOf<X, 'bar'>;             // unknown
type test4 = ValueOf<Z, 'foo' | 'bar'>;     // string | number

Typescript 錯誤:Object 字面量只能指定已知屬性,並且“組件選項”類型中不存在“路由器” <vue< div><div id="text_translate"><p> 我剛剛將 typescript 添加到我現有的 vuejs 應用程序中,我得到了一個Object literal may only specify known properties, and 'router' does not exist in type 'ComponentOptions&lt;Vue, DefaultData&lt;Vue&gt;, DefaultMethods&lt;Vue&gt;, DefaultComputed, PropsDefinition&lt;Record&lt;string, any&gt;&gt;, Record&lt;...&gt;&gt;'錯誤。 我的理解是我不需要安裝@types/vue 或@types/vue-router 來解決這個問題。 有人可以建議新手嗎?</p><p> <strong>~\src\router.js</strong></p><pre> import Vue from 'vue'; import Router from 'vue-router'; Vue.use(Router); const router = new Router({............ }); export default router;</pre><p> <strong>堆棧跟蹤:</strong></p><pre> ERROR in ~/src/main.ts(126,10): 126:10 No overload matches this call. Overload 1 of 3, '(options?: ThisTypedComponentOptionsWithArrayProps&lt;Vue, object, object, object, never&gt; | undefined): CombinedVueInstance&lt;Vue, object, object, object, Record&lt;...&gt;&gt;', gave the following error. Argument of type '{ router: any; store: any; i18n: any; acl: any; render: (h: CreateElement) =&gt; VNode; }' is not assignable to parameter of type 'ThisTypedComponentOptionsWithArrayProps&lt;Vue, object, object, object, never&gt;'. Object literal may only specify known properties, and 'router' does not exist in type 'ThisTypedComponentOptionsWithArrayProps&lt;Vue, object, object, object, never&gt;'. Overload 2 of 3, '(options?: ThisTypedComponentOptionsWithRecordProps&lt;Vue, object, object, object, object&gt; | undefined): CombinedVueInstance&lt;Vue, object, object, object, Record&lt;...&gt;&gt;', gave the following error. Argument of type '{ router: any; store: any; i18n: any; acl: any; render: (h: CreateElement) =&gt; VNode; }' is not assignable to parameter of type 'ThisTypedComponentOptionsWithRecordProps&lt;Vue, object, object, object, object&gt;'. Object literal may only specify known properties, and 'router' does not exist in type 'ThisTypedComponentOptionsWithRecordProps&lt;Vue, object, object, object, object&gt;'. Overload 3 of 3, '(options?: ComponentOptions&lt;Vue, DefaultData&lt;Vue&gt;, DefaultMethods&lt;Vue&gt;, DefaultComputed, PropsDefinition&lt;Record&lt;string, any&gt;&gt;, Record&lt;...&gt;&gt; | undefined): CombinedVueInstance&lt;...&gt;', gave the following error. Argument of type '{ router: any; store: any; i18n: any; acl: any; render: (h: CreateElement) =&gt; VNode; }' is not assignable to parameter of type 'ComponentOptions&lt;Vue, DefaultData&lt;Vue&gt;, DefaultMethods&lt;Vue&gt;, DefaultComputed, PropsDefinition&lt;Record&lt;string, any&gt;&gt;, Record&lt;...&gt;&gt;'. Object literal may only specify known properties, and 'router' does not exist in type 'ComponentOptions&lt;Vue, DefaultData&lt;Vue&gt;, DefaultMethods&lt;Vue&gt;, DefaultComputed, PropsDefinition&lt;Record&lt;string, any&gt;&gt;, Record&lt;...&gt;&gt;'. 124 | 125 | Vue.config.productionTip = false; &gt; 126 | new Vue({router, store, i18n, acl, render: h =&gt; h(App)}).$mount('#app'); | ^ Version: typescript 3.8.3</pre><p> <strong>package.json:</strong></p><pre> { "name": "video-audio-transcription", "version": "4.1.0", "private": true, "scripts": { "serve": "vue-cli-service serve", "build": "vue-cli-service build", "test:unit": "vue-cli-service test:unit", "lint": "vue-cli-service lint" }, "dependencies": { "@aws-amplify/ui-vue": "^0.2.3", "@chenfengyuan/vue-countdown": "^1.1.2", "@react-native-community/netinfo": "^5.5.0", "@syncfusion/ej2-vue-grids": "^18.1.46", "@types/chart.js": "^2.9.20", "@types/vue2-hammer": "^2.1.0", "ag-grid-community": "^21.0.1", "ag-grid-vue": "^21.0.1", "algoliasearch": "^3.33.0", "apexcharts": "^3.6.12", "aws-amplify": "^3.0.9", "axios": "^0.19.0", "chart.js": "^2.8.0", "core-js": "2.6.5", "echarts": "^4.2.1", "file-saver": "2.0.1", "firebase": "^6.0.4", "instantsearch.css": "^7.3.1", "jsonwebtoken": "^8.5.1", "material-icons": "^0.3.1", "perfect-scrollbar": "^1.4.0", "postcss-rtl": "^1.5.0", "prismjs": "^1.16.0", "vee-validate": "^2.2.8", "vue": "^2.6.11", "vue-acl": "4.0.7", "vue-apexcharts": "^1.3.5", "vue-awesome-swiper": "^3.1.3", "vue-backtotop": "^1.6.1", "vue-chartjs": "^3.4.2", "vue-class-component": "^7.2.3", "vue-clipboard2": "^0.3.0", "vue-context": "4.0.0", "vue-echarts": "^4.0.3", "vue-feather-icons": "^5.0.0", "vue-flatpickr-component": "^8.1.2", "vue-form-wizard": "^0.8.4", "vue-fullcalendar": "^1.0.9", "vue-i18n": "^8.11.2", "vue-instantsearch": "^2.2.1", "vue-perfect-scrollbar": "^0.1.0", "vue-prism-component": "^1.1.1", "vue-property-decorator": "^8.4.1", "vue-quill-editor": "^3.0.6", "vue-router": "^3.0.6", "vue-select": "^3.1.0", "vue-simple-calendar": "^4.2.2", "vue-simple-suggest": "^1.9.5", "vue-star-rating": "^1.6.1", "vue-tour": "^1.1.0", "vue-tree-halower": "^1.8.0", "vue-video-player": "^5.0.2", "vue2-google-maps": "^0.10.6", "vue2-hammer": "^2.1.2", "vuedraggable": "^2.21.0", "vuejs-datepicker": "^1.5.4", "vuesax": "3.11.1", "vuex": "^3.1.1", "xlsx": "^0.15.0" }, "devDependencies": { "@fullhuman/postcss-purgecss": "^1.2.0", "@types/jest": "^24.0.19", "@vue/cli-plugin-babel": "^3.7.0", "@vue/cli-plugin-typescript": "^4.3.1", "@vue/cli-plugin-unit-jest": "^4.3.1", "@vue/cli-service": "^3.7.0", "@vue/test-utils": "^1.0.0-beta.31", "axios-mock-adapter": "^1.17.0", "jest-localstorage-mock": "^2.4.2", "node-sass": "^4.12.0", "purgecss": "^1.3.0", "sass-loader": "^7.1.0", "script-loader": "0.7.2", "tailwindcss": "^1.0.1", "typescript": "^3.5.2", "vue-template-compiler": "^2.6.10" }, "jest": { "setupFiles": [ "jest-localstorage-mock" ], "preset": "@vue/cli-plugin-unit-jest/presets/typescript-and-babel" } }</pre> </div></vue<>

[英]Typescript Error: Object literal may only specify known properties, and 'router' does not exist in type 'ComponentOptions<Vue

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相關問題 解構/訪問 object 聯合類型上可能存在或不存在的屬性 從 JSON 對象中選擇值,其中 Typescript 類型的鍵 Typescript object 可能未定義 Typescript 錯誤:Object 字面量只能指定已知屬性,並且“組件選項”類型中不存在“路由器” <vue< div><div id="text_translate"><p> 我剛剛將 typescript 添加到我現有的 vuejs 應用程序中,我得到了一個Object literal may only specify known properties, and 'router' does not exist in type 'ComponentOptions&lt;Vue, DefaultData&lt;Vue&gt;, DefaultMethods&lt;Vue&gt;, DefaultComputed, PropsDefinition&lt;Record&lt;string, any&gt;&gt;, Record&lt;...&gt;&gt;'錯誤。 我的理解是我不需要安裝@types/vue 或@types/vue-router 來解決這個問題。 有人可以建議新手嗎?</p><p> <strong>~\src\router.js</strong></p><pre> import Vue from 'vue'; import Router from 'vue-router'; Vue.use(Router); const router = new Router({............ }); export default router;</pre><p> <strong>堆棧跟蹤:</strong></p><pre> ERROR in ~/src/main.ts(126,10): 126:10 No overload matches this call. 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Argument of type '{ router: any; store: any; i18n: any; acl: any; render: (h: CreateElement) =&gt; VNode; }' is not assignable to parameter of type 'ThisTypedComponentOptionsWithRecordProps&lt;Vue, object, object, object, object&gt;'. Object literal may only specify known properties, and 'router' does not exist in type 'ThisTypedComponentOptionsWithRecordProps&lt;Vue, object, object, object, object&gt;'. Overload 3 of 3, '(options?: ComponentOptions&lt;Vue, DefaultData&lt;Vue&gt;, DefaultMethods&lt;Vue&gt;, DefaultComputed, PropsDefinition&lt;Record&lt;string, any&gt;&gt;, Record&lt;...&gt;&gt; | undefined): CombinedVueInstance&lt;...&gt;', gave the following error. Argument of type '{ router: any; store: any; i18n: any; acl: any; render: (h: CreateElement) =&gt; VNode; }' is not assignable to parameter of type 'ComponentOptions&lt;Vue, DefaultData&lt;Vue&gt;, DefaultMethods&lt;Vue&gt;, DefaultComputed, PropsDefinition&lt;Record&lt;string, any&gt;&gt;, Record&lt;...&gt;&gt;'. 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