使用 smtplib 編輯 Python email 中的消息

Question

所以，我創建了這個簡單的程序，它每小時檢查一次我的研究數據是否有 nans。 它工作正常，但我想改進它發送給我的 email，當它找到一個 nan 時。 目前，我只能將它放在 email 我放在三個語音標記內的任何東西，像這樣
message = """Missing data, yo."""

當它有一個nan時，我希望它給我日期時間和文件名。 我嘗試了以下方法，但它不起作用：

message = f"Hello, Cairan. {full_name} has missing data."

我已經嘗試過了，但它不起作用：

message = """Missing data """ + full_name

我不知道我在這里做錯了什么 - 請幫忙。 對於如何更改 email 的主題標題的任何建議，我也將不勝感激。

謝謝！

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
This Python script was written for use on an Amazon EC2 server, with the Eltek GPRS Server running.

This code has a 60 minute loop, which:

1. Copies the data from its original location to a temporary 'checking' directory.
2. Imports the listed CSV files
3. Converts all 'No Data' into nans
4. Looks at the last 12 observations and checks if there is any nans - if there are any it will email an email address about the nans.
5. Loops over all files
6. Loops every hour

"""
# Import packages

import os #os
import fnmatch #fn match
import pandas as pd #pandas
import numpy as np #numpy
import sched #scheduler
import time # time
import smtplib #for email
import ssl #for email
from datetime import datetime #datetime
from termcolor import colored #for colouring text

from shutil import copyfile

# Scheduler           
s = sched.scheduler(time.time, time.sleep)

# Email
user = '####@gmail.com' #email username (gmail tested and working)
sender = '####@gmail.com' #sendee email address
password = '####' #email password
port = 465 #port - 465 standard
recieve = '####'
context = ssl.create_default_context()

directory = "C:/EltekGateway/"
individual_files = "K01817-12158.csv", "K01830-12197.csv", "K01830-12200.csv"
files = "C:/EltekGateway/checking/K01817-12158.csv", "C:/EltekGateway/checking/K01830-12197.csv", "C:/EltekGateway/checking/K01830-12200.csv"

for full_name in individual_files:
    checking_dir = directory + "checking/" + full_name
    original_dir = directory + full_name
    copyfile(original_dir, checking_dir)
    print(original_dir, checking_dir)

def do_something(sc):
    now = datetime.now()
    print('<---------------------------------------------------------------------------------->')
    print('Checking:' , len(files), 'datafiles.', 'Time now =', now)
    for full_name in files:
        df_tmp= pd.read_csv(full_name, skiprows = 5) # read csv to df_tmp
        df_tmp.rename({'TX Channel': 'date'}, axis=1, inplace=True) # rename cols
        df_tmp['date'] = pd.to_datetime(df_tmp['date'], errors='raise', dayfirst=True) # create datetime col
        df_tmp = df_tmp.replace('No Data', np.nan) # Eltek 'No Data' to nan
        df_check = df_tmp[-12:]
        df_check = df_check.isnull().values.any()
        # df_check = df_check.isna() # Check last observation to see if there is a nan
        df_check_time = df_tmp.date.iloc[-1] # Store datetime for last obs
        now = datetime.now()
        date_string = df_check_time.strftime("%Y/%m/%d, %H:%M:%S")
        # print(df_check) #checking loop
        if df_check.any() == 0: # Check 
            print(date_string, full_name + colored(' - There is NO missing data','green'))
            # print()
        else:
            print(date_string, full_name + colored(' - There IS missing data', 'red'))
            message = """Missing data, yo."""
            # message = f"Hello, Cairan. {full_name} has missing data."
            with smtplib.SMTP_SSL("smtp.gmail.com", port, context=context) as server:
                server.login(sender, password)
                server.sendmail(sender, recieve, message)
        # print(df_tmp) #checking loop
        # print(full_name) #checking loop
        # print(df_check_time) #checking loop
    print('<---------------------------------------------------------------------------------->')
    s.enter(3600, 1, do_something, (sc,))

def main():
    s.enter(3600, 1, do_something, (s,))
    s.run()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

Answer 1

您的消息格式不正確。

您必須使用正確的 header 等來編寫它，如下所示：

message = """\
From: Robot <noreply@domain.com>
To: Persoon <persoon@gmail.com>
Subject: Something Fancy Happened!

Hi Persoon,

Your Thing caused Something Fancy!

Yours,

Robot.
"""

如果您不想手動構建消息，請查看https://docs.python.org/3/library/email.html