如何在 django rest 框架中的嵌套 serailizers 上執行發布請求

Question

嗨，我是 django rest 框架的新手，我能夠執行 put delete 和 get 操作，但無法執行 post 操作
模型.py

class User(auth.models.User, auth.models.PermissionsMixin):
def __str__(self):
    return "@{}".format(self.username)
class User_log(models.Model):
    user = models.OneToOneField(auth.models.User,on_delete=models.CASCADE,related_name='user_logs')
    fullname=models.CharField(max_length=255)
    fb_login=models.BooleanField(default=False)
    def __str__(self):
        return self.fullname

序列化程序.py

class userSerializers(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    password1=serializers.CharField(source="user.password1",write_only=True)
    password2=serializers.CharField(source="user.password2",write_only=True)
    fullname=serializers.CharField(source='user_logs.fullname')
    fb=serializers.BooleanField(source='user_logs.fb_login')
    class Meta:
        model = User
        fields=('id','username','email','password1','password2','fullname','fb')
        related_fields = ['user_logs']
    def update(self, instance, validated_data):
    # Handle related objects
        for related_obj_name in self.Meta.related_fields:
            data = validated_data.pop(related_obj_name)
            related_instance = getattr(instance, related_obj_name)

            # Same as default update implementation
            for attr_name, value in data.items():
                setattr(related_instance, attr_name, value)
            related_instance.save()
        return super(userSerializers,self).update(instance, validated_data)

網址.py

from django.urls import path,include
from django.contrib.auth import views as auth_views
from . import views
from rest_framework import routers
router=routers.DefaultRouter()
router.register('accounts',views.Userview,basename='user')
app_name = 'accounts'

urlpatterns = [
    path('login/', auth_views.LoginView.as_view(template_name="accounts/login.html"),name='login'),
    path('logout/', auth_views.LogoutView.as_view(), name="logout"),
    path('signup/', views.SignUp.as_view(), name="signup"),
    path('password-reset/',
         auth_views.PasswordResetView.as_view(
             template_name='accounts/password_reset_email.html'
         ),
         name='password_reset'),
    path('password-reset/done/',
         auth_views.PasswordResetDoneView.as_view(
             template_name='accounts/password_reset_done.html'
         ),
         name='password_reset_done'),
    path('password-reset-confirm/<uidb64>/<token>/',
         auth_views.PasswordResetConfirmView.as_view(
             template_name='accounts/password_reset_confirm.html'
         ),
         name='password_reset_confirm'),
    path('password-reset-complete/',
         auth_views.PasswordResetCompleteView.as_view(
             template_name='accounts/password_reset_complete.html'
         ),
         name='password_reset_complete'),
    path('',include(router.urls)),
]

視圖.py

class Userview(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
def get_serializer_class(self):
    return userSerializers
def get_queryset(self):
    return User.objects.all()
def list(self,request):
    queryset = User.objects.all()
    serializer=userSerializers(queryset,many=True)
    if serializer.is_valid:
        return Response(serializer.data)

這是我執行獲取請求時的 json 格式

[
{
    "id": 1,
    "username": "karm",
    "email": "karm@gmail.com",
    "fullname": "ss",
    "fb": false
}
]

如前所述，每當我執行 put delete 或使其工作時，但它不是 post 的情況，我得到的錯誤是：

AssertionError at /accounts/accounts/

.create()方法默認不支持可寫的點源字段。 為序列化程序accounts.serializers.userSerializers編寫顯式.create()方法，或在點源序列化程序字段上設置read_only=True 。

Answer 1

您必須像使用更新方法一樣編寫創建方法。 在您的 serializer.py 文件中嘗試此代碼。

def create(self, validated_data):
    profile_data = validated_data.pop('profile')
    user = User.objects.create(**validated_data)
    UserProfile.objects.create(user=user, **profile_data)
    return user

希望這對你有用。

Answer 2

這里需要考慮兩點：

1. DRF 序列化程序不支持write_only 。 相反，在序列化程序的Meta塊中使用extra_kwargs 。
2. 在您的序列化程序中編寫一個create方法。 下面的粗略示例。

有關 DRF 序列化程序中的只寫字段的更多信息，請參閱文檔中的此內容。

class userSerializers(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    password1=serializers.CharField(source="user.password1")
    password2=serializers.CharField(source="user.password2")
    fullname=serializers.CharField(source='user_logs.fullname')
    fb=serializers.BooleanField(source='user_logs.fb_login')
    class Meta:
        model = User
        fields
        fields=['id','username','email','password1','password2','fullname','fb']
        related_fields = ['user_logs']
        extra_kwargs = {
          'password1': {'write_only': True},
          'password2': {'write_only': True},
        }

    def create(self, validated_data): // adjust to fit your actual User model
        user = User(
            email=validated_data['email'],
            username=validated_data['username']
        )
        user.set_password(validated_data['password'])
        user.save()
        return user