Django 檢查是 Model 字段是否定義了選擇

Question

我有一個 model

class StudentEfficacy(models.Model):
    class FatherEducation(models.IntegerChoices):
        NoEducation = 0, _("No Education")
        PrimaryEducation = 1, _("Primary Education")
        SecondaryEducation = 2, _("Secondary Education")
        GraduateStudy = 3, _("Graduate Study")
        PostGraduateStudy = 4, _("Post Graduate Study")
        DoctorOfPhilosophy = 5, _("Doctor of Philosophy")

    student_efficacy_id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
    father_education = models.IntegerField(choices=FatherEducation.choices)
    study_time = models.IntegerField("Study Time in mins")

我想動態檢查該字段是否定義了choices 。

例如我想做如下的事情：

stud = StudentEfficacy.objects.get(pk=1)
if stud.father_education has choices defined:
   print(stud.father_education)
elif not stud.study_time has choices defined:
   print(stud.study_time)  ​

實際上在上面的例子中，我給出了固定的模型和字段，但實際使用如下：

for model_inst in models_list:
    for field in model_field_list[model_inst._meta.verbose_name]
        if getattr(model_inst, field) has choices defined:
            print("Something")
        else:
            print("Something else")  ​

Answer 1

您可以從 model class 的_meta屬性中獲取字段定義。 該屬性具有get_field方法，它將為您獲取該字段。 然后該字段將具有您可以檢查的屬性choices ：

from django.core.exceptions import FieldDoesNotExist


try:
    if model._meta.get_field(field).choices is not None:
        print("Something")
    else:
        print("Something else")
except FieldDoesNotExist:
    print("Non-existent field")

Answer 2

剛剛在這里找到了一種解決方法： 如何使用 getattr()

for model_inst in models_list:
    for field in model_field_list[model_inst._meta.verbose_name]
        if getattr(model_inst, f'get_{field}_display', False):
            print("Something")
        else:
            print("Something else")  

PS：尋找更好的答案

編輯1：

絕對推薦Abdul Aziz Barkat 的這個答案