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程序未在多線程環境中終止-Java

[英]Programme not Terminating in Multi-threaded environment -Java

嘗試制作一個簡單的多線程程序,在其中打印階乘系列,其中每個數字由不同的線程打印,最后我將報告哪個線程打印的數字。我得到了所需的 output 但不知何故我的程序是不終止。

約束:我不允許使用並發 Package

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Scanner;

class Report {

  private long factorial;
  private String threadName;
  private int activeThreads;

  public Report(long factorial, String threadName, int activeThreads) {
      this.factorial = factorial;
      this.threadName = threadName;
      this.activeThreads = activeThreads;
  }

  public long getFactorial() {
      return factorial;
  }

  public String getThreadName() {
      return threadName;
  }

  public int getActiveThreads() {
      return activeThreads;
  }

  public void setActiveThreads(int activeThreads) {
      this.activeThreads = activeThreads;
  }

}

public class Factorial implements Runnable {

  public static ArrayList<Report> report = new ArrayList<Report>();
  private static int count;

  public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {

      Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

      System.out.print("N: ");
      int n = in.nextInt();
    
      count = n;
    
      Factorial f = new Factorial();
      f.series(n);
    
      Thread.sleep(1000);
    
      // Series
      for(Report r : report) {
          if(r.getFactorial() == 1) {
              System.out.print(r.getFactorial());
          }
          else {
              System.out.print(r.getFactorial() + "*");
          }
      }
    
      System.out.println();
    
      // Report
      for(Report r : report) {
          System.out.println(r.getFactorial() + " printed by " + r.getThreadName() + " " + r.getActiveThreads());
      }
      ThreadGroup threadGroup = Thread.currentThread().getThreadGroup();
      System.out.println("In Main");
    
      in.close();
  }

  public void series(int n) throws InterruptedException {
      for(int i=0;i<n;i++) {
          Thread t = new Thread(new Factorial());
          t.start();
      }
  }

  public synchronized void generate() {
      ThreadGroup threadGroup = Thread.currentThread().getThreadGroup();
      report.add(new Report(count--, Thread.currentThread().getName(), threadGroup.activeCount()));
      notifyAll();
      System.out.println("In generate" + threadGroup.activeCount());
  }
    


  @Override
  public void run() {
      generate();
      synchronized (this) {
          try {
              wait();
          }
          catch(Exception e) {
              e.printStackTrace();
          }
      }
      ThreadGroup threadGroup = Thread.currentThread().getThreadGroup();
      System.out.println("In Run" + threadGroup.activeCount());
  }

  public static int getCount() {
      return count;
  }

  public static void setCount(int count) {
      Factorial.count = count;
  }

}

雖然我知道我們可以使用.stop()殺死線程,但我認為不推薦這樣做。

要使同步有效( synchronizedwaitnotify ),您必須使用相同的實例。
series中,您在每個循環上創建一個新的Factorial實例,使每個線程無限期地等待。

public void series(int n) throws InterruptedException {
  for(int i=0;i<n;i++) {
      // Thread t = new Thread(new Factorial()); // creates an new instance
      Thread t = new Thread(this);
      t.start();
  }
}

run方法中,您首先調用notifyAll() (通過generate ),然后wait
最后創建的線程將在所有其他線程完成后wait
無論如何,必須通知最后一個線程。 它可能是在sleep電話之后,具有:

synchronized(f) {
    f.notify();
}

或者可能使用專用的同步方法。

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