如何從 flutter 的文本字段中顯示驗證錯誤消息

Question

如何從框中顯示“此字段為必填項”消息。 此消息將在按鈕單擊時顯示。

這是文本字段代碼

-------------------編輯的問題-------------------

這是您的代碼，並通過添加一個 textformfield 對其進行了修改

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';



class ExperimentApp extends StatelessWidget {
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return MaterialApp(
      theme: ThemeData(
        scaffoldBackgroundColor: Colors.white,
      ),
      home: ExperimentHome(),
    );
  }
}

class ExperimentHome extends StatelessWidget {
  final GlobalKey<FormFieldState> formFieldKey = GlobalKey();
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      body: Center(
        child: Row(
          children: [
            Expanded(
              child: Padding(
                padding: const EdgeInsets.all(8.0),
                child: RoundedInputField(
                  formFieldKey: formFieldKey,
                  icon: Icons.edit,
                  labelText: 'Label',
                  validate: (value) {
                    if (value == null || value.isEmpty) {
                      return "This field is required";
                    }
                    return null;
                  },
                ),
              ),
            ),
//this is one more TextFormField
            RoundedInputField(
                  formFieldKey: formFieldKey,
                  icon: Icons.edit,
                  labelText: 'Label1',
                  validate: (value) {
                    if (value == null || value.isEmpty) {
                      return "This field is required";
                    }
                    return null;
                  },
                ),
            
            IconButton(
              icon: Icon(Icons.check),
              onPressed: () {
                // you need to call `.validate` to actually validate the field.
                formFieldKey.currentState.validate();
              },
            )
          ],
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}

class RoundedInputField extends StatelessWidget {
  final IconData icon;
  final FormFieldValidator<String> validate;
  final String labelText;

  final GlobalKey<FormFieldState> formFieldKey;

  // (before flutter 2.0) drop `required`
  const RoundedInputField({
    Key key,
    @required this.formFieldKey,
    
    
    @required this.labelText,
    @required this.icon,
    @required this.validate,
  }) : super(key: key);

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return TextFormField(
      key: formFieldKey,
      validator: validate,
      decoration: InputDecoration(
        icon: Icon(
          icon,
          color: Colors.blue,
        ),
        labelText: labelText,
      ),
    );
  }
}

這是錯誤

════════ Exception caught by rendering library ═════════════════════════════════
RenderBox was not laid out: RenderTransform#3842d NEEDS-LAYOUT NEEDS-PAINT
'package:flutter/src/rendering/box.dart':
Failed assertion: line 1940 pos 12: 'hasSize'

The relevant error-causing widget was
TextFormField-[LabeledGlobalKey<FormFieldState<dynamic>>#a4b32]
lib\abc.dart:87
════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

════════ Exception caught by widgets library ═══════════════════════════════════
Multiple widgets used the same GlobalKey.
════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

════════ Exception caught by widgets library ═══════════════════════════════════
Multiple widgets used the same GlobalKey.
════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

它顯示純白屏幕為 output

Answer 1

這對你有用。

 decoration: InputDecoration(
                                      focusedBorder: UnderlineInputBorder(
                                        borderSide: BorderSide(
                                            color: Colors.anyColor,
                                            width: 2),
                                      ),
                                      focusedErrorBorder: UnderlineInputBorder(
                                        borderSide: BorderSide(
                                            color: Colors.anyColor,
                                            width: 2),
                                      ),
                                      errorBorder:
                                          (value.isEmpty)
                                              ? UnderlineInputBorder(
                                                  borderSide: BorderSide(
                                                      color: Colors.anyColor),
                                                )
                                              : InputBorder.none,
                                      errorText:
                                          (value.isEmpty)
                                              ? "Minimum 3 characters required"
                                              : null,
                                      errorStyle: anyTextStyle(),
                                      hintText: "Name",
                                      hintStyle:
                                          anyTextStyle()),

Answer 2

您需要使用GlobalKey<FormFieldState>並在該字段上實際調用.validate來驗證該字段。

當您調用.validate時， TextFormField將驗證該字段並在 validate 方法返回String時顯示錯誤消息。

有關TextFormField的更多信息： https://api.flutter.dev/flutter/material/TextFormField-class.html

代碼示例（存在一些語法差異，因為您似乎使用的是舊版本的 dart）：

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

void main() async {
  runApp(ExperimentApp());
}

class ExperimentApp extends StatelessWidget {
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return MaterialApp(
      theme: ThemeData(
        scaffoldBackgroundColor: Colors.white,
      ),
      home: ExperimentHome(),
    );
  }
}

class ExperimentHome extends StatelessWidget {
  final GlobalKey<FormFieldState> formFieldKey = GlobalKey();
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      body: Center(
        child: Row(
          children: [
            Expanded(
              child: Padding(
                padding: const EdgeInsets.all(8.0),
                child: RoundedInputField(
                  formFieldKey: formFieldKey,
                  icon: Icons.edit,
                  labelText: 'Label',
                  validate: (value) {
                    if (value == null || value.isEmpty) {
                      return "This field is required";
                    }
                    return null;
                  },
                ),
              ),
            ),
            IconButton(
              icon: Icon(Icons.check),
              onPressed: () {
                // you need to call `.validate` to actually validate the field.
                formFieldKey.currentState!.validate();
              },
            )
          ],
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}

class RoundedInputField extends StatelessWidget {
  final IconData icon;
  final FormFieldValidator<String> validate;
  final String labelText;

  final GlobalKey<FormFieldState> formFieldKey;

  // (before flutter 2.0) drop `required`
  const RoundedInputField({
    Key? key,
    required this.formFieldKey,
    required this.labelText,
    required this.icon,
    required this.validate,
  }) : super(key: key);

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return TextFormField(
      key: formFieldKey,
      validator: validate,
      decoration: InputDecoration(
        icon: Icon(
          icon,
          color: Colors.blue,
        ),
        labelText: labelText,
      ),
    );
  }
}

Answer 3

所以，最后我得到了解決方案。 在這里它完美地工作。

TextFormField 小部件

import 'package:attendance_system_app/text_field_container.dart';
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

class RoundedInputField extends StatelessWidget {
  final String hintText;
  final IconData icon;
  final ValueChanged<String> onChanged;
  final TextEditingController controller;
  final double fontsize;
  final FormFieldValidator<String> validate;
  final String errortext;
  final String labelText;
  final GlobalKey<FormFieldState> formFieldKey;
  //final  onsaved;

  const RoundedInputField({Key key,this.labelText, this.formFieldKey,    this.errortext,this.hintText, this.icon,this.validate, this.onChanged,this.controller,this.fontsize})
      : super(key: key);

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return TextFormField(
    decoration: InputDecoration(
          labelText: labelText,
          fillColor: Colors.blue[50],
        
          
          border: OutlineInputBorder(
            borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(29.0),
          ),
          // errorBorder:
          //     OutlineInputBorder(borderSide: BorderSide(color: Colors.purple)),
          // focusedErrorBorder:
          //     OutlineInputBorder(borderSide: BorderSide(color: Colors.purple)),
          // errorStyle: TextStyle(color: Colors.purple),
        ),
        //controller: controller,
        validator: validate,
        controller: controller,
        maxLength: 5,
      
        //onSaved: (String ?onsaved);
      );
    //TextEditingController namecontroller = new TextEditingController();
    //return TextFieldContainer(
     
      // child: TextFormField(
      //    key: formFieldKey,
      //   onChanged: onChanged,
      //   cursorColor: Colors.black,
        
      //   style: TextStyle(fontSize: 16),
        
      //   controller: TextEditingController(),
      //  validator: validate,
      //  obscureText: true,
      //   decoration: InputDecoration(
      //     icon: Icon(
      //       icon,
      //       color: Colors.blue,
      //     ),
      //     hintText: hintText,
      //     border: InputBorder.none,
      //     //labelText: labeltext
      //     errorText: errortext,
      //     labelText: labelText,
          
                  
      //   ),
      // ),
    //);
  }
}

在這里你可以調用小部件。

class JafPersonals extends StatefulWidget {


  @override
  _JafPersonalState createState() => _JafPersonalState();
}

class _JafPersonalState extends State<JafPersonals> {
TextEditingController _applicantName=new TextEditingController();
  TextEditingController _fatherName=new TextEditingController();
final GlobalKey<FormState> _formkey=GlobalKey<FormState>();

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return new Scaffold(
      drawer: new AdminDrawerCode(),
      appBar: AppBar(
       title: Image.asset("assets/image/company_logo.png",height: 140,width: 280,
       ),
      
       //automaticallyImplyLeading: false,
       backgroundColor: Colors.white,
       iconTheme: IconThemeData(color: Colors.blue,size: 20),
       //leading: new Icon(Icons.menu,color: Colors.blue,),
       actions: <Widget>[
       IconButton(
        icon: Icon(
        Icons.notifications,
        color: Colors.blue,
        size:26
      ),
      onPressed: () {
        // do something
      },
      
    )
    ],
    ),
    body: Form(
          key: _formkey,
          
          //autovalidateMode: AutovalidateMode.onUserInteraction,
          child: ListView(
            padding: EdgeInsets.all(16),
            children: [
              Text(" Employee Bio Data",style: TextStyle(fontSize: 30,fontWeight: FontWeight.bold,color: Colors.blue[900])),
              SizedBox(height: 20,),
               Text(" Personal data",style: TextStyle(fontSize: 25,fontWeight: FontWeight.bold,color: Colors.blue[900])),
              SizedBox(height: 20,),
              RoundedInputField(labelText: 'Applicant name',controller: _applicantName,
              validate: (value) {
              if (value.length < 4) {
                return 'Enter at least 4 characters';
              } else {
                return null;
              }
        },),
        SizedBox(height: 10),
      
        RoundedInputField(labelText: 'Father name',controller: _applicantName,
              validate: (value) {
              if (value.length < 4) {
                return 'Enter at least 4 characters';
              } else {
                return null;
              }
        },),
RoundedButton(text: 'Submit',
        press: (){
          final isvalid=_formkey.currentState.validate();
          if(isvalid){
            _formkey.currentState.save();
            Navigator.push(context, MaterialPageRoute(builder: (context)=>JafFamily()));

          }
          
        },)
              
            ]
          )
    ));
  }
}

這段代碼解決了我的問題。 編碼快樂！！