[英]typeError: a byte-like object is required, not 'str' in Python 3
[英]TypeError : a byte-like object is required , not 'str'
我有一個場景,其中書籍 ID 明智我正在創建單獨的文件並讀取所有文件並將其插入到一個文件中 如何將所有文件數據寫入一個文件?
所有數據將在一個文件中逐行顯示
書 1 | 作者 | 基因 | 價格 | 發布日期 | 描述
書 2 | 作者 | 基因 | 價格 | 發布日期 | 描述
注:數據應以 pipe 分隔格式'|'
xml 數據:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<catalog>
<book id="bk101">
<author>Gambardella, Matthew</author>
<title>XML Developer's Guide</title>
<genre>Computer</genre>
<price>44.95</price>
<publish_date>2000-10-01</publish_date>
<description>An in-depth look at creating applications
with XML.</description>
</book>
<book id="bk102">
<author>Ralls, Kim</author>
<title>Midnight Rain</title>
<genre>Fantasy</genre>
<price>5.95</price>
<publish_date>2000-12-16</publish_date>
<description>A former architect battles corporate zombies,
an evil sorceress, and her own childhood to become queen
of the world.</description>
</book>
<book id="bk103">
<author>Corets, Eva</author>
<title>Maeve Ascendant</title>
<genre>Fantasy</genre>
<price>5.95</price>
<publish_date>2000-11-17</publish_date>
<description>After the collapse of a nanotechnology
society in England, the young survivors lay the
foundation for a new society.</description>
</book>
<book id="bk104">
<author>Corets, Eva</author>
<title>Oberon's Legacy</title>
<genre>Fantasy</genre>
<price>5.95</price>
<publish_date>2001-03-10</publish_date>
<description>In post-apocalypse England, the mysterious
agent known only as Oberon helps to create a new life
for the inhabitants of London. Sequel to Maeve
Ascendant.</description>
</book>
<book id="bk105">
<author>Corets, Eva</author>
<title>The Sundered Grail</title>
<genre>Fantasy</genre>
<price>5.95</price>
<publish_date>2001-09-10</publish_date>
<description>The two daughters of Maeve, half-sisters,
battle one another for control of England. Sequel to
Oberon's Legacy.</description>
</book>
<book id="bk106">
<author>Randall, Cynthia</author>
<title>Lover Birds</title>
<genre>Romance</genre>
<price>4.95</price>
<publish_date>2000-09-02</publish_date>
<description>When Carla meets Paul at an ornithology
conference, tempers fly as feathers get ruffled.</description>
</book>
<book id="bk107">
<author>Thurman, Paula</author>
<title>Splish Splash</title>
<genre>Romance</genre>
<price>4.95</price>
<publish_date>2000-11-02</publish_date>
<description>A deep sea diver finds true love twenty
thousand leagues beneath the sea.</description>
</book>
<book id="bk108">
<author>Knorr, Stefan</author>
<title>Creepy Crawlies</title>
<genre>Horror</genre>
<price>4.95</price>
<publish_date>2000-12-06</publish_date>
<description>An anthology of horror stories about roaches,
centipedes, scorpions and other insects.</description>
</book>
<book id="bk109">
<author>Kress, Peter</author>
<title>Paradox Lost</title>
<genre>Science Fiction</genre>
<price>6.95</price>
<publish_date>2000-11-02</publish_date>
<description>After an inadvertant trip through a Heisenberg
Uncertainty Device, James Salway discovers the problems
of being quantum.</description>
</book>
<book id="bk110">
<author>O'Brien, Tim</author>
<title>Microsoft .NET: The Programming Bible</title>
<genre>Computer</genre>
<price>36.95</price>
<publish_date>2000-12-09</publish_date>
<description>Microsoft's .NET initiative is explored in
detail in this deep programmer's reference.</description>
</book>
<book id="bk111">
<author>O'Brien, Tim</author>
<title>MSXML3: A Comprehensive Guide</title>
<genre>Computer</genre>
<price>36.95</price>
<publish_date>2000-12-01</publish_date>
<description>The Microsoft MSXML3 parser is covered in
detail, with attention to XML DOM interfaces, XSLT processing,
SAX and more.</description>
</book>
<book id="bk112">
<author>Galos, Mike</author>
<title>Visual Studio 7: A Comprehensive Guide</title>
<genre>Computer</genre>
<price>49.95</price>
<publish_date>2001-04-16</publish_date>
<description>Microsoft Visual Studio 7 is explored in depth,
looking at how Visual Basic, Visual C++, C#, and ASP+ are
integrated into a comprehensive development
environment.</description>
</book>
</catalog>
我試過代碼:
import xml.etree.cElementTree as ET
tree = ET.ET.ElementTree(file='/d/demo.xml')
root = tree.getroot()
for books in root:
if(books.tag=='book'):
f=open(book.get(id) + '.txt' ,'wb')
for attr in books:
if (attr.tag='author' or attr.tag='title' or attr.tag='price' or attr.tag='genre' or attr.tag='publish_date' or attr.tag='description')
f.write(attr.tag + ':' + attr.text)
所需 output 格式如下:
Gambardella , Matthew |XML Developer's Guide | Computer | 44.95 | 2000-10-01 | An in-depth look at creating applications with XML
Ralls, Kim | Midnight Rain | Fantasy | 5.95 | 2000-12-16 | A former architect battles corporate zombies, an evil sorceress, and her own childhood to become queen of the world.
您將 output 作為二進制文件打開 - 如果這樣做,您只能向其中寫入bytes
。 將其作為普通文本文件打開並指定編碼。 此外,使用with
語句,這樣您就不需要手動關閉文件,並且在出現錯誤時是安全的:
with open(book.get(id) '.txt' ,'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
for attr in books:
if (attr.tag='author' or attr.tag='title' or attr.tag='price' or attr.tag='genre' or attr.tag='publish_date' or attr.tag='description')
f.write(attr.tag + ':' + attr.text)
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