[英]How can i run a whole sub class when the buttons are clicked which are in the main class
這是我第一次嘗試子類，所以我不知道我是否做得對，但是當我運行它時，我得到了一些錯誤
File "C:\Program Files\WindowsApps\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.9_3.9.1520.0_x64__qbz5n2kfra8p0\lib\tkinter\__init__.py", line 1892, in __call__
return self.func(*args)
TypeError: cart_order() missing 1 required positional argument: 'self'
和
File "C:\Program Files\WindowsApps\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.9_3.9.1520.0_x64__qbz5n2kfra8p0\lib\tkinter\__init__.py", line 1892, in __call__
return self.func(*args)
File "C:\Users\GGPC\OneDrive\Desktop\trying subclasses.py", line 337, in order_menu
t = final_cart(parent, Test)
NameError: name 'parent' is not defined.
當我使用command=t.calculate_order我得到了錯誤
self.button_checkout = Button(self.my_frame2, command = t.cart_order)
NameError: name 't' is not defined
單擊主類中的按鈕時，嘗試運行子類“final_cart”。 我做了很多測試和試用，但找不到解決方案，因此感謝您的幫助。
謝謝你。
##importing all the models needed to create the program
from tkinter import*
from PIL import Image, ImageTk
import tkinter as ttk
import os
accounts = []
food = ['Pizza','Burger','Nachos', 'French Toast']
drinks = ['Pepsi','Lemonade','Tea', 'Aperitivo Spritz']
foodprice=['20','9.50','7.50', '17']
drinksprice = ['3','4','3', '15.50']
orderlist = []
class Goode_brothers:
def __init__(self, parent):
self.my_frame = Frame(parent)
self.my_frame.pack()
self.background = Image.open('new-dip-project\\food.jpg')
self.background_image = ImageTk.PhotoImage(self.background)
self.img = Label(parent, image = self.background_image)
self.img.place(x = -26, y =0)
self.img_login = PhotoImage(file = 'new-dip-project\\button (3).png')
self.login_button = Button(parent,image = self.img_login, command = self.read_info, bd = 0, cursor = "hand2", bg = '#3b353b', activebackground = '#3b353b')
self.login_button.place(x = 275, y = 340)
self.email = Entry(parent)
self.email.place(x = 340, y = 180)
self.password = Entry(parent, show = '●')
self.password.place(x = 354, y = 250)
def save_info(self):
self.email_reg = str(self.email2.get())
self.pass_word = str(self.password2.get())
print(self.email2)
file = open('emails.txt', 'a+')
file.write(self.email_reg + ', ' + self.pass_word + '\n')
def read_info(self):
with open("emails.txt") as read_ep:
for line in read_ep:
##appending the details in a list
accounts.append(line.strip().split(", "))
## getting what the user entered for email and password
credential = [self.email.get(), self.password.get()]
## if what the user entered is in the list then user can continue
if credential in accounts:
self.open_menu()
else:
## if the above conditions are not satisfied then user has th=o retry and this function will repeat until logged in
self.ep_notexist = Label(root, text = "Your Email or Password is incorrect, Please try again", font=("open sans", "8"))
self.ep_notexist.place(x = 210, y = 300)
self.ep_notexist.after(4000, self.ep_notexist.destroy)
self.email.delete(0, END)
self.password.delete(0, END)
## creating a function for home page
def open_menu(self):
for wid in root.winfo_children():
wid.destroy()
self.my_frame.destroy()
self.my_frame2 = Frame(root)
self.my_frame2.pack(fill = "both", expand = 1)
self.title_home = PhotoImage(file = 'new-dip-project\\goode.png')
self.title2 = Label(self.my_frame2, image = self.title_home).pack()
self.img_menu = PhotoImage(file = 'new-dip-project\\menu_button.png')
self.button_menu = Button(self.my_frame2,image = self.img_menu, command = self.view_menu, cursor = "hand2", bd = 0)
self.button_menu.place(x = 246, y = 140)
self.img_order = PhotoImage(file = 'new-dip-project\\order_button.png')
self.button_order = Button(self.my_frame2,image = self.img_order, command = self.order_menu, cursor = "hand2", bd = 0)
self.button_order.place(x = 239, y = 228)
self.img_checkout = PhotoImage(file = 'new-dip-project\\checkout.png')
self.button_checkout = Button(self.my_frame2,image = self.img_checkout, cursor = "hand2", bd = 0, command = final_cart.cart_order)
self.button_checkout.place(x = 250, y = 316)
def view_menu(self):
self.my_frame2.pack_forget()
self.my_frame3 = LabelFrame(root, height = 700)
self.my_frame3.pack()
self.my_frame3.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.my_frame3.columnconfigure(1, weight=2)
self.food_title = Label(self.my_frame3, font=("Impact", "23"), text = 'Food').grid(row = 0, column = 4)
self.food_space = Label(self.my_frame3, text = '').grid(row = 1, column = 4)
self.drinks_title = Label(self.my_frame3, font=("Impact", "23"), text = 'Drinks').grid(row = 8, column = 4)
self.price = Label(self.my_frame3, font=("Impact", "23"), text = 'Price($)').grid(row = 0, column = 8)
for x in range (len(food)):
self.foodop = Label(self.my_frame3, font=("Impact", "15"), text = food[x]).grid(row = 3+x, column = 4)
self.fprice = Label(self.my_frame3, font=("Impact", "15"), text = foodprice[x]).grid(row = 3+x, column = 8)
for x in range (len(drinks)):
self.drinksop = Label(self.my_frame3, font=("Impact", "15"), text = drinks[x]).grid(row = 5+(len(food))+x, column = 4)
self.drinksp = Label(self.my_frame3, font=("Impact", "15"), text = drinksprice[x]).grid(row = 5+(len(food))+x, column = 8)
self.img_back = PhotoImage(file = 'new-dip-project\\back_button.png')
self.back_button = Button(self.my_frame3,image = self.img_back, command = self.open_menu, cursor = "hand2", bd = 0)
self.back_button.grid(row = 38, column = 7)
def order_menu(self):
self.my_frame2.destroy()
self.my_frame4 = Frame(root)
self.my_frame4.pack(fill = "both", expand = 1)
self.tkvar = StringVar(self.my_frame4)
self.tkvar.set("Food")
self.tkvar.trace_add('write', lambda *args: print(self.tkvar.get()))
self.tkvar2 = StringVar(self.my_frame4)
self.tkvar2.set("Drinks")
self.tkvar2.trace_add('write', lambda *args: print(self.tkvar2.get()))
self.img_odmenu = PhotoImage(file = 'new-dip-project\\od_menu.png')
self.order_menu_message = Label(self.my_frame4, image = self.img_odmenu).place(x = 220)
self.foodMenu = OptionMenu(self.my_frame4, self.tkvar, *['Pizza','Burger','Nachos', 'French Toast'])
self.foodMenu.place(x = 160, y = 110)
self.drinkMenu = OptionMenu(self.my_frame4, self.tkvar2, *['Pepsi','Lemonade','Tea', 'Aperitivo Spritz'])
self.drinkMenu.place(x = 385, y = 110)
self.order_btn1 = PhotoImage(file = 'new-dip-project\\orderb.png')
self.order_button2 = Button(self.my_frame4, text = "SHOW", image = self.order_btn1, command = t.calculate_order, cursor = "hand2", bd = 0)
self.order_button2.place(x = 302, y = 160)
self.check_btn = PhotoImage(file = 'new-dip-project\\checkpay.png')
self.checkout_btn = Button(self.my_frame4, image = self.check_btn, cursor = "hand2", bd = 0, command = t.cart_order)
self.checkout_btn.place(x = 267, y = 410)
self.img_back3 = PhotoImage(file = 'new-dip-project\\bbutton.png')
self.back_button3 = Button(self.my_frame4, image = self.img_back3, cursor = "hand2", bd = 0, command = self.open_menu)
self.back_button3.place(x = 50, y = 410)
t = final_cart(parent, Goode_brothers)
class final_cart(Goode_brothers):
def __init__(self, parent):
super(final_cart, self).__init__(self)
def cart_order(self):
self.root3 = Toplevel(root)
self.root3.geometry("600x400")
self.img_back2 = PhotoImage(file = 'new-dip-project\\bbutton.png')
self.back_button2 = Button(self.root3, image = self.img_back2, cursor = "hand2", bd = 0, command = self.open_menu)
self.back_button2.grid(column=0, row = 1)
self.img_cart = PhotoImage(file = 'new-dip-project\\your_cart.png')
self.y_cart = Label(self.root3, image = self.img_cart).grid(column=3, row = 1)
Label(self.root3, text = "",font=("Courier New","12")).grid(column = 1, row = 1)
Label(self.root3, text = "",font=("Courier New","12")).grid(column = 1, row = 4)
for x in range (len(orderlist)):
Label(self.root3, text = (str(x+1)),font=("Courier New","12")).grid(column =0, row= x+5)
Label(self.root3, text = (orderlist[x][0]), font=("Courier New","12")).grid(column=2, row = x+5)
def calculate_order(self):
print (orderlist)
def food_optionmenu(self, *args):
self.position = food.index(self.tkvar.get())
def drink_optionmenu(self, *args):
self.position2 = drinks.index(self.tkvar2.get())
self.tkvar.trace('w', self.food_optionmenu)
self.tkvar2.trace('w', self.drink_optionmenu)
## main routine
if __name__ == "__main__":
root = Tk()
root.geometry('670x466')
FoodSystem = Goode_brothers(root)
root.title('Goode brothers')
root.mainloop()
好的，現在我可以通過你的方法看到路線了。 他們只需要清理一下。 我將添加一些： ##注釋以顯示我更改了某些內容的位置：
##importing all the models needed to create the program
from tkinter import*
from PIL import Image, ImageTk
import tkinter as ttk
import os
accounts = []
food = ['Pizza','Burger','Nachos', 'French Toast']
drinks = ['Pepsi','Lemonade','Tea', 'Aperitivo Spritz']
foodprice=['20','9.50','7.50', '17']
drinksprice = ['3','4','3', '15.50']
orderlist = []
class Goode_brothers:
def __init__(self, parent):
self.my_frame = Frame(parent)
self.my_frame.pack()
self.background = Image.open('new-dip-project\\food.jpg')
self.background_image = ImageTk.PhotoImage(self.background)
self.img = Label(parent, image = self.background_image)
self.img.place(x = -26, y =0)
self.img_login = PhotoImage(file = 'new-dip-project\\button (3).png')
self.login_button = Button(parent,image = self.img_login, command = self.read_info, bd = 0, cursor = "hand2", bg = '#3b353b', activebackground = '#3b353b')
self.login_button.place(x = 275, y = 340)
self.email = Entry(parent)
self.email.place(x = 340, y = 180)
self.password = Entry(parent, show = '●')
self.password.place(x = 354, y = 250)
def save_info(self):
self.email_reg = str(self.email2.get())
self.pass_word = str(self.password2.get())
print(self.email2)
file = open('emails.txt', 'a+')
file.write(self.email_reg + ', ' + self.pass_word + '\n')
def read_info(self):
with open("emails.txt") as read_ep:
for line in read_ep:
##appending the details in a list
accounts.append(line.strip().split(", "))
## getting what the user entered for email and password
credential = [self.email.get(), self.password.get()]
## if what the user entered is in the list then user can continue
if credential in accounts:
self.open_menu()
else:
## if the above conditions are not satisfied then user has th=o retry and this function will repeat until logged in
self.ep_notexist = Label(root, text = "Your Email or Password is incorrect, Please try again", font=("open sans", "8"))
self.ep_notexist.place(x = 210, y = 300)
self.ep_notexist.after(4000, self.ep_notexist.destroy)
self.email.delete(0, END)
self.password.delete(0, END)
## creating a function for home page
def open_menu(self):
for wid in root.winfo_children():
wid.destroy()
self.my_frame.destroy()
self.my_frame2 = Frame(root)
self.my_frame2.pack(fill = "both", expand = 1)
self.title_home = PhotoImage(file = 'new-dip-project\\goode.png')
self.title2 = Label(self.my_frame2, image = self.title_home).pack()
self.img_menu = PhotoImage(file = 'new-dip-project\\menu_button.png')
self.button_menu = Button(self.my_frame2,image = self.img_menu, command = self.view_menu, cursor = "hand2", bd = 0)
self.button_menu.place(x = 246, y = 140)
self.img_order = PhotoImage(file = 'new-dip-project\\order_button.png')
self.button_order = Button(self.my_frame2,image = self.img_order, command = self.order_menu, cursor = "hand2", bd = 0)
self.button_order.place(x = 239, y = 228)
self.img_checkout = PhotoImage(file = 'new-dip-project\\checkout.png')
self.button_checkout = Button(self.my_frame2,image = self.img_checkout, cursor = "hand2", bd = 0, command = self.cart_order) ## just self.cart_order
self.button_checkout.place(x = 250, y = 316)
def view_menu(self):
self.my_frame2.pack_forget()
self.my_frame3 = LabelFrame(root, height = 700)
self.my_frame3.pack()
self.my_frame3.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.my_frame3.columnconfigure(1, weight=2)
self.food_title = Label(self.my_frame3, font=("Impact", "23"), text = 'Food').grid(row = 0, column = 4)
self.food_space = Label(self.my_frame3, text = '').grid(row = 1, column = 4)
self.drinks_title = Label(self.my_frame3, font=("Impact", "23"), text = 'Drinks').grid(row = 8, column = 4)
self.price = Label(self.my_frame3, font=("Impact", "23"), text = 'Price($)').grid(row = 0, column = 8)
for x in range (len(food)):
self.foodop = Label(self.my_frame3, font=("Impact", "15"), text = food[x]).grid(row = 3+x, column = 4)
self.fprice = Label(self.my_frame3, font=("Impact", "15"), text = foodprice[x]).grid(row = 3+x, column = 8)
for x in range (len(drinks)):
self.drinksop = Label(self.my_frame3, font=("Impact", "15"), text = drinks[x]).grid(row = 5+(len(food))+x, column = 4)
self.drinksp = Label(self.my_frame3, font=("Impact", "15"), text = drinksprice[x]).grid(row = 5+(len(food))+x, column = 8)
self.img_back = PhotoImage(file = 'new-dip-project\\back_button.png')
self.back_button = Button(self.my_frame3,image = self.img_back, command = self.open_menu, cursor = "hand2", bd = 0)
self.back_button.grid(row = 38, column = 7)
def order_menu(self):
self.my_frame2.destroy()
self.my_frame4 = Frame(root)
self.my_frame4.pack(fill = "both", expand = 1)
self.tkvar = StringVar(self.my_frame4)
self.tkvar.set("Food")
self.tkvar.trace_add('write', lambda *args: print(self.tkvar.get()))
self.tkvar2 = StringVar(self.my_frame4)
self.tkvar2.set("Drinks")
self.tkvar2.trace_add('write', lambda *args: print(self.tkvar2.get()))
self.img_odmenu = PhotoImage(file = 'new-dip-project\\od_menu.png')
self.order_menu_message = Label(self.my_frame4, image = self.img_odmenu).place(x = 220)
self.foodMenu = OptionMenu(self.my_frame4, self.tkvar, *['Pizza','Burger','Nachos', 'French Toast'])
self.foodMenu.place(x = 160, y = 110)
self.drinkMenu = OptionMenu(self.my_frame4, self.tkvar2, *['Pepsi','Lemonade','Tea', 'Aperitivo Spritz'])
self.drinkMenu.place(x = 385, y = 110)
self.order_btn1 = PhotoImage(file = 'new-dip-project\\orderb.png')
self.order_button2 = Button(self.my_frame4, text = "SHOW", image = self.order_btn1, command = self.calculate_order, cursor = "hand2", bd = 0) ## just self.calculate_order
self.order_button2.place(x = 302, y = 160)
self.check_btn = PhotoImage(file = 'new-dip-project\\checkpay.png')
self.checkout_btn = Button(self.my_frame4, image = self.check_btn, cursor = "hand2", bd = 0, command = self.cart_order) ## just self.cart_order
self.checkout_btn.place(x = 267, y = 410)
self.img_back3 = PhotoImage(file = 'new-dip-project\\bbutton.png')
self.back_button3 = Button(self.my_frame4, image = self.img_back3, cursor = "hand2", bd = 0, command = self.open_menu)
self.back_button3.place(x = 50, y = 410)
## You don't need this. An instance is created in main
##t = final_cart(parent, Goode_brothers)
class final_cart(Goode_brothers):
## No need for your own __init__, just inherit the one from Goode_brothers
def cart_order(self):
self.root3 = Toplevel(root)
self.root3.geometry("600x400")
self.img_back2 = PhotoImage(file = 'new-dip-project\\bbutton.png')
self.back_button2 = Button(self.root3, image = self.img_back2, cursor = "hand2", bd = 0, command = self.open_menu)
self.back_button2.grid(column=0, row = 1)
self.img_cart = PhotoImage(file = 'new-dip-project\\your_cart.png')
self.y_cart = Label(self.root3, image = self.img_cart).grid(column=3, row = 1)
Label(self.root3, text = "",font=("Courier New","12")).grid(column = 1, row = 1)
Label(self.root3, text = "",font=("Courier New","12")).grid(column = 1, row = 4)
for x in range (len(orderlist)):
Label(self.root3, text = (str(x+1)),font=("Courier New","12")).grid(column =0, row= x+5)
Label(self.root3, text = (orderlist[x][0]), font=("Courier New","12")).grid(column=2, row = x+5)
def calculate_order(self):
print (orderlist)
def food_optionmenu(self, *args):
self.position = food.index(self.tkvar.get())
def drink_optionmenu(self, *args):
self.position2 = drinks.index(self.tkvar2.get())
self.tkvar.trace('w', self.food_optionmenu)
self.tkvar2.trace('w', self.drink_optionmenu)
## main routine
if __name__ == "__main__":
root = Tk()
root.geometry('670x466')
FoodSystem = final_cart(root) ## Just make an instance of final_cart
root.title('Goode brothers')
root.mainloop()
本質上，您已經對Goode_brothers了子類Goode_brothers因此當您實例化final_cart時，這兩個類充當一個。
首先這一行： class final_cart(Goode_brothers):表示final_cart繼承自Goode_brothers 。
第二行： FoodSystem = final_cart(root)實例化final_cart使兩個類作為一個類。 這意味着任何調用self.anothermethod()都可以訪問來自兩個類的所有方法的聯合。
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