我如何重用多個 DTO（彈簧引導）

Question

我是一個想用spring實現api server的學生。

目前，我對每個 api 使用請求和響應。 （如果 api 存在用於登錄，我已經創建了 AccountSignInDto.Request、AccountSignInResponse。）但是，我覺得有越來越多的重復代碼。

我想知道如何重用多個 dto 來減少重復代碼。

詳情如下。

• AccountCreateDto.java
• AccountFindIdByEmailDto.java
• AccountFindPasswordDto.java
• AccountReadDto.java
• 帳戶登錄到.java
• 帳戶更新Dto.java
• QuestionReadDto.java

package com.se.apiserver.v1.account.application.dto;

import com.se.apiserver.v1.account.domain.entity.AccountType;

import javax.validation.constraints.Email;
import javax.validation.constraints.Size;

import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModel;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModelProperty;
import lombok.*;

public class AccountCreateDto {

  @Data
  @NoArgsConstructor
  @AllArgsConstructor
  @ApiModel("signIn request")
  @Builder
  static public class Request {

    @ApiModelProperty(example = "account", notes = "id")
    @Size(min = 4, max = 20)
    private String id;

    @ApiModelProperty(example = "password", notes = "password")
    @Size(min = 8, max = 20)
    private String password;

    @ApiModelProperty(example = "name", notes = "name")
    @Size(min = 2, max = 20)
    private String name;

    @ApiModelProperty(example = "nickname", notes = "nick-name")
    @Size(min = 2, max = 20)
    private String nickname;

    @ApiModelProperty(example = "11110000", notes = "stu-num")
    @Size(min = 8, max = 20)
    private String studentId;

    @ApiModelProperty(example = "STUDENT", notes = "account type")
    private AccountType type;

    @ApiModelProperty(example = "01012345678", notes = "phone-number, 00011112222")
    @Size(min = 10, max = 20)
    private String phoneNumber;

    @ApiModelProperty(example = "abc@def.com", notes = "email")
    @Email
    private String email;

    @ApiModelProperty(example = "1", notes = "question number")
    private Long questionId;

    @ApiModelProperty(example = "region", notes = "answer")
    @Size(min = 2, max = 100)
    private String answer;


  }

  @Data
  @AllArgsConstructor
  @ApiModel("signIn response")
  static public class Response {

    @ApiModelProperty(example = "1", notes = "account pk")
    private Long id;
  }

}

我很抱歉我的英語不好。 提前致謝！

Answer 1

嘗試將Request聲明為抽象類，所有其他 dto 都擴展Request 。 像下面的代碼顯示：

public abstract class Request {

    @ApiModelProperty(example = "account", notes = "id")
    @Size(min = 4, max = 20)
    private String id;

    @ApiModelProperty(example = "password", notes = "password")
    @Size(min = 8, max = 20)
    private String password;
     
    ...
}

public class AccountCreateDto extends Request {

}

public class AccountUpdateDto extends Request {

}

這個例子忽略了 lombok 的影響。