如何將回調函數全局綁定到tkinter中的一個widget類型？

Question

我以這樣一種方式總結了腳本，它只顯示了顯示我的問題所必需的內容。 簡而言之，我想將回調函數globally綁定到應用程序中的所有button類型小部件。

class Frame_1(Frame):
    def__init__(self,master, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(master, **kwargs)
        self.btn_0 = Button(self, text='Press 10')
        self.btn_0 .pack() #...

        # links that I would like to disappear 
        # and replace with a global link that only reaches button type widgets
        self.btn_0 .bind('<ButtonPress>', self.master.press)
        self.btn_0 .bind('<ButtonRelease>', self.master.release)


class Frame_2(Frame):
    def__init__(self,master, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(master, **kwargs)
        self.btn_0 = Button(self, text='Press 10')
        self.btn_0 .pack() #....
        self.btn_0 .bind('<ButtonPress>', self.master.press)
        self.btn_0 .bind('<ButtonRelease>', self.master.release)


class Controller(Frame):
    def__init__(self,master, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(master, **kwargs)
        self.frm1 = Frame_1(self, bg='blue')
        self.frm1 .pack()
        self.frm2 = Frame_2(self, bg='green')
        self.frm2 .pack()

    def press(self, e):
        print('press')
    def release(self, e):
        print('release')
        

root=Tk()
app=Controller(root)
app.pack()
root.mainloop()

Answer 1

以這種方式嘗試：你試圖稱呼“自我”。 此時你需要一個 object 參考。 但你沒有那個。 公共對象仍然可以集成到class。

from tkinter import *


def press( event):
    print('press')

def release( event):
    print('release')


class Frame_1(Frame):
    def __init__(self, master, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(master, **kwargs)

        self.btn_0 = Button(self, text='Press 10')
        self.btn_0.pack()  # ...

        # links that I would like to disappear
        # and replace with a global link that only reaches button type widgets
        self.btn_0.bind('<ButtonPress>', press)
        self.btn_0.bind('<ButtonRelease>', release)


class Frame_2(Frame):
    def __init__(self, master, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(master, **kwargs)
        self.btn_0 = Button(self, text='Press 10')
        self.btn_0.pack()  # ....
        self.btn_0.bind('<ButtonPress>',  press)
        self.btn_0.bind('<ButtonRelease>', release)


class Controller(Frame):
    def __init__(self, master, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(master, **kwargs)
        global press, release
        self.frm1 = Frame_1(self, bg='blue')
        self.frm1.pack()
        self.frm2 = Frame_2(self, bg='green')
        self.frm2.pack()



root = Tk()
app = Controller(root)
app.pack()
root.mainloop()

Answer 2

Tkinter 提供了一個bind_class方法，允許您綁定到一個小部件 class 而不是單個小部件。 在您的情況下， class 將是Button 。

您的代碼可能如下所示：

root=Tk()
app=Controller(root)

root.bind_class("Button", "<ButtonPress-1>", app.press)
root.bind_class("Button", "<ButtonRelease-1>", app.release)