[英]Mocking external dependencies in Spring Boot integration tests
主要問題:有沒有辦法在 Spring 的整個上下文中用模擬對象替換 bean 並將確切的 bean 注入測試以驗證方法調用?
我有一個 Spring Boot 應用程序,我正在嘗試編寫一些集成測試,在這些測試中我使用MockMvc
調用 Rest API。
使用Testcontainer
和Localstack
對實際數據庫和 AWS 資源運行集成測試。 但是為了測試作為外部依賴與Keycloak
集成的 API,我決定模擬KeycloakService
並驗證是否將正確的參數傳遞給此類的正確函數。
我所有的集成測試類都是名為AbstractSpringIntegrationTest
的抽象類的子類:
@Transactional
@Testcontainers
@ActiveProfiles("it")
@AutoConfigureMockMvc
@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.MOCK)
@ContextConfiguration(initializers = PostgresITConfig.DockerPostgreDataSourceInitializer.class, classes = {AwsITConfig.class})
public class AbstractSpringIntegrationTest {
@Autowired
public MockMvc mockMvc;
@Autowired
public AmazonSQSAsync amazonSQS;
}
考慮有一個像下面這樣的子類:
class UserIntegrationTest extends AbstractSpringIntegrationTest {
private static final String USERS_BASE_URL = "/users";
@Autowired
private UserRepository userRepository;
@MockBean
private KeycloakService keycloakService;
@ParameterizedTest
@ValueSource(booleans = {true, false})
void changeUserStatus_shouldEnableOrDisableTheUser(boolean enabled) throws Exception {
// Some test setup here
ChangeUserStatusRequest request = new ChangeUserStatusRequest()
.setEnabled(enabled);
String responseString = mockMvc.perform(patch(USERS_BASE_URL + "/{id}/status", id)
.contentType(APPLICATION_JSON)
.content(objectMapper.writeValueAsString(request)))
.andExpect(status().isOk())
.andReturn()
.getResponse()
.getContentAsString();
// Some assertions here
Awaitility.await()
.atMost(10, SECONDS)
.untilAsserted(() -> verify(keycloakService, times(1)).changeUserStatus(email, enabled); // Fails to verify method call
}
}
這是基於事件調用KeycloakService
函數的類:
@Slf4j
@Component
public class UserEventSQSListener {
private final KeycloakService keycloakService;
public UserEventSQSListener(KeycloakService keycloakService) {
this.keycloakService = keycloakService;
}
@SqsListener(value = "${cloud.aws.sqs.user-status-changed-queue}", deletionPolicy = SqsMessageDeletionPolicy.ON_SUCCESS)
public void handleUserStatusChangedEvent(UserStatusChangedEvent event) {
keycloakService.changeUserStatus(event.getEmail(), event.isEnabled());
}
}
每當我運行測試時,都會出現以下錯誤:
Wanted but not invoked:
keycloakService bean.changeUserStatus(
"rodolfo.kautzer@example.com",
true
);
Actually, there were zero interactions with this mock.
調試代碼后,我了解到UserIntegrationTest
中UserIntegrationTest
的 bean 與注入到UserEventSQSListener
類中的 bean 不同,因為上下文重新加載。 因此,我嘗試了其他解決方案,例如使用Mockito.mock()
創建模擬對象並將其作為 bean 返回,並使用@MockInBean ,但它們效果不佳。
@TestConfiguration
public static class TestBeanConfig {
@Bean
@Primary
public KeycloakService keycloakService() {
KeycloakService keycloakService = Mockito.mock(KeycloakService.class);
return keycloakService;
}
}
更新 1:
基於@Maziz 的回答並出於調試目的,我更改了如下代碼:
@Component
public class UserEventSQSListener {
private final KeycloakService keycloakService;
public UserEventSQSListener(KeycloakService keycloakService) {
this.keycloakService = keycloakService;
}
public KeycloakService getKeycloakService() {
return keycloakService;
}
...
class UserIT extends AbstractSpringIntegrationTest {
...
@Autowired
private UserEventSQSListener userEventSQSListener;
@Autowired
private Map<String, UserEventSQSListener> beans;
private KeycloakService keycloakService;
@BeforeEach
void setup() {
...
keycloakService = mock(KeycloakService.class);
}
@ParameterizedTest
@ValueSource(booleans = {true, false})
void changeUserStatus_shouldEnableOrDisableTheUser(boolean enabled) throws Exception {
// Some test setup here
ChangeUserStatusRequest request = new ChangeUserStatusRequest()
.setEnabled(enabled);
String responseString = mockMvc.perform(patch(USERS_BASE_URL + "/{id}/status", id)
.contentType(APPLICATION_JSON)
.content(objectMapper.writeValueAsString(request)))
.andExpect(status().isOk())
.andReturn()
.getResponse()
.getContentAsString();
// Some assertions here
ReflectionTestUtils.setField(userEventSQSListener, "keycloakService", keycloakService);
assertThat(userEventSQSListener.getKeycloakService()).isEqualTo(keycloakService);
await().atMost(10, SECONDS)
.untilAsserted(() -> verify(keycloakService).changeUserStatus(anyString(), anyBoolean())); // Fails to verify method call
}
如您所見,模擬在UserEventSQSListener
類中被適當替換:
盡管如此,我還是收到了以下錯誤:
Wanted but not invoked:
keycloakService.changeUserStatus(
<any string>,
<any boolean>
);
Actually, there were zero interactions with this mock.
根據 Maziz 的回答,行 setField 不應該在 mvc 調用之前嗎?
@ParameterizedTest
@ValueSource(booleans = {true, false})
void changeUserStatus_shouldEnableOrDisableTheUser(boolean enabled) throws Exception {
// Some test setup here
ChangeUserStatusRequest request = new ChangeUserStatusRequest()
.setEnabled(enabled);
ReflectionTestUtils.setField(userEventSQSListener, "keycloakService", keycloakService);
String responseString = mockMvc.perform(patch(USERS_BASE_URL + "/{id}/status", id)
.contentType(APPLICATION_JSON)
.content(objectMapper.writeValueAsString(request)))
.andExpect(status().isOk())
.andReturn()
.getResponse()
.getContentAsString();
// Some assertions here
assertThat(userEventSQSListener.getKeycloakService()).isEqualTo(keycloakService);
await().atMost(10, SECONDS)
.untilAsserted(() -> verify(keycloakService).changeUserStatus(anyString(), anyBoolean())); // Fails to verify method call
}
如果這仍然不起作用,您可以用
org.powermock.reflect.Whitebox.setInternalState(UserEventSQSListener.class, "keycloakService", keycloakService);
但總體思路保持不變。
您是否在 UserEventSQSListener 中調試了 KeyClockService? 您是否看到該對象是否是指示模擬對象的類型代理?
不管答案如何,在調用mockMvc.perform之前,可以使用
ReflectionTestUtils.setField(UserEventSQSListener, "keycloakService", keycloakService /模擬對象/)
再次運行。 讓我知道它是否可以。
在進行了更多調試並感謝@Maziz 的回答后,我發現注入部分工作正常,這不是問題。 主要問題是我在測試的設置部分創建了 AWS 隊列。 這就是@SqsListener
不起作用並且不接收任何事件的原因。 因此,不會調用模擬服務。
我通過簡單地將隊列創建移動到 SQS 客戶端的上下文創建來解決這個問題,這發生在創建消息容器之前。
@Bean
@Primary
public AmazonSQSAsync amazonSQS() {
AmazonSQSAsync amazonSQS = AmazonSQSAsyncClientBuilder.standard()
.withCredentials(localStack.getDefaultCredentialsProvider())
.withEndpointConfiguration(localStack.getEndpointConfiguration(LocalStackContainer.Service.SQS))
.build();
createQueues(amazonSQS);
return amazonSQS;
}
private void createQueues(AmazonSQSAsync amazonSQS) {
amazonSQS.createQueue(userRegisteredQueue);
amazonSQS.createQueue(userInvitedQueue);
amazonSQS.createQueue(userStatusChangedQueue);
}
有關此問題的更多信息: https : //github.com/spring-cloud/spring-cloud-aws/issues/334
我認為這可能與部分上下文刷新有關(尤其是使用@SqsListener
),因此請嘗試將此注釋放入UserIntegrationTest
:
@DirtiesContext(classMode = ClassMode.AFTER_EACH_TEST_METHOD)
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