如何在 wxPython GUI 應用程序中中止 Python 中正在運行的線程？

Question

我正在使用 wxPython 編寫 Python 3.9 GUI 應用程序。 該應用程序允許用戶輸入信息並按下“計算”按鈕。 這將啟動一個長時間運行的線程，該線程使用狀態更新更新主應用程序 window。 應用程序成功啟動計算線程並保持響應。

現在我想添加一個“中止”按鈕，當用戶選擇按下“中止”按鈕時，它將停止/取消/中止先前啟動的線程。

找了一段時間，我在wxPython網站上找到了下面的代碼，里面有我要找的通用框架。 它以更簡單的形式遵循我的應用程序的主要邏輯。 它缺少正在進行的 GUI 狀態更新，所以我做了一個添加來模擬 GUI 狀態更新 - 請參閱下面代碼中的“<<<<<<”參考。 wx.PostEvent(self._notify_window, ResultEvent(i))

但是，在添加此行之后，當用戶在處理線程啟動時按下“停止”按鈕時，似乎會中斷事件處理。 3-4秒后按下“停止”按鈕時，下面示例代碼中的計數線程繼續運行並忽略“停止”按鈕事件。

刪除此行后，下面示例代碼中的“停止”功能將起作用，並且循環被中斷。

如何在計數線程運行時保持使用狀態更新更新 GUI 的功能，並讓“停止”按鈕終止正在運行的線程？

我相信有辦法優化下面的代碼。 請不要猶豫，分享您的想法/知識。 謝謝你。

import time
from threading import *
import wx

# Button definitions
ID_START = wx.NewId()
ID_STOP = wx.NewId()

# Define notification event for thread completion
EVT_RESULT_ID = wx.NewId()

def EVT_RESULT(win, func):
    """Define Result Event."""
    win.Connect(-1, -1, EVT_RESULT_ID, func)

class ResultEvent(wx.PyEvent):
    """Simple event to carry arbitrary result data."""
    def __init__(self, data):
        """Init Result Event."""
        wx.PyEvent.__init__(self)
        self.SetEventType(EVT_RESULT_ID)
        self.data = data

# Thread class that executes processing
class WorkerThread(Thread):
    """Worker Thread Class."""
    def __init__(self, notify_window):
        """Init Worker Thread Class."""
        Thread.__init__(self)
        self._notify_window = notify_window
        self._want_abort = 0
        # This starts the thread running on creation, but you could
        # also make the GUI thread responsible for calling this
        #self.start()

    def run(self):
        """Run Worker Thread."""
        # This is the code executing in the new thread. Simulation of
        # a long process (well, 10s here) as a simple loop - you will
        # need to structure your processing so that you periodically
        # peek at the abort variable
        for i in range(10):
            if self._want_abort:
                # Use a result of None to acknowledge the abort (of
                # course you can use whatever you'd like or even
                # a separate event type)
                wx.PostEvent(self._notify_window, ResultEvent(None))
                return
            time.sleep(2)
            wx.PostEvent(self._notify_window, ResultEvent(i))      <<<<<<< Added to simulate "status update" feedback of my application.
                               
        # Here's where the result would be returned (this is an
        # example fixed result of the number 10, but it could be
        # any Python object)
        wx.PostEvent(self._notify_window, ResultEvent(10))

    def abort(self):
        """abort worker thread."""
        # Method for use by main thread to signal an abort
        self._want_abort = 1

# GUI Frame class that spins off the worker thread
class MainFrame(wx.Frame):
    """Class MainFrame."""
    def __init__(self, parent, id):
        """Create the MainFrame."""
        wx.Frame.__init__(self, parent, id, 'Thread Test')

        # Dumb sample frame with two buttons
        wx.Button(self, ID_START, 'Start', pos=(0,0))
        wx.Button(self, ID_STOP, 'Stop', pos=(0,50))
        self.status = wx.StaticText(self, -1, '', pos=(0,100))

        self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.OnStart, id=ID_START)
        self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.OnStop, id=ID_STOP)

        # Set up event handler for any worker thread results
        EVT_RESULT(self,self.OnResult)

        # And indicate we don't have a worker thread yet
        self.worker = None

    def OnStart(self, event):
        """Start Computation."""
        # Trigger the worker thread unless it's already busy
        if not self.worker:
            self.status.SetLabel('Starting computation')
            self.worker = WorkerThread(self)
            self.worker.start()

    def OnStop(self, event):
        """Stop Computation."""
        # Flag the worker thread to stop if running
        if self.worker:
            self.status.SetLabel('Trying to abort computation')
            self.worker.abort()

    def OnResult(self, event):
        """Show Result status."""
        if event.data is None:
            # Thread aborted (using our convention of None return)
            self.status.SetLabel('Computation aborted')
        else:
            # Process results here
            self.status.SetLabel('Computation Result: %s' % event.data)
        # In either event, the worker is done
        self.worker = None

class MainApp(wx.App):
    """Class Main App."""
    def OnInit(self):
        """Init Main App."""
        self.frame = MainFrame(None, -1)
        self.frame.Show(True)
        self.SetTopWindow(self.frame)
        return True

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = MainApp(0)
    app.MainLoop()

Answer 1

您只是在錯誤的位置設置self.worker = None 。
它應該只在停止時或自然終止時設置為None ，除了代碼沒問題。
例如

import time
from threading import *
import wx

# Button definitions
ID_START = wx.NewId()
ID_STOP = wx.NewId()

# Define notification event for thread completion
EVT_RESULT_ID = wx.NewId()

def EVT_RESULT(win, func):
    """Define Result Event."""
    win.Connect(-1, -1, EVT_RESULT_ID, func)

class ResultEvent(wx.PyEvent):
    """Simple event to carry arbitrary result data."""
    def __init__(self, data):
        """Init Result Event."""
        wx.PyEvent.__init__(self)
        self.SetEventType(EVT_RESULT_ID)
        self.data = data

# Thread class that executes processing
class WorkerThread(Thread):
    """Worker Thread Class."""
    def __init__(self, notify_window):
        """Init Worker Thread Class."""
        Thread.__init__(self)
        self._notify_window = notify_window
        self._want_abort = 0
        # This starts the thread running on creation, but you could
        # also make the GUI thread responsible for calling this
        #self.start()

    def run(self):
        """Run Worker Thread."""
        # This is the code executing in the new thread. Simulation of
        # a long process (well, 10s here) as a simple loop - you will
        # need to structure your processing so that you periodically
        # peek at the abort variable
        for i in range(10):
            if self._want_abort:
                # Use a result of None to acknowledge the abort (of
                # course you can use whatever you'd like or even
                # a separate event type)
                wx.PostEvent(self._notify_window, ResultEvent(None))
                return
            time.sleep(1)
            wx.PostEvent(self._notify_window, ResultEvent(i)) #     <<<<<<< Added to simulate "status update" feedback of my application.
                               
        # Here's where the result would be returned (this is an
        # example fixed result of the number 10, but it could be
        # any Python object)
        time.sleep(2)
        wx.PostEvent(self._notify_window, ResultEvent(10))

    def abort(self):
        """abort worker thread."""
        # Method for use by main thread to signal an abort
        self._want_abort = 1

# GUI Frame class that spins off the worker thread
class MainFrame(wx.Frame):
    """Class MainFrame."""
    def __init__(self, parent, id):
        """Create the MainFrame."""
        wx.Frame.__init__(self, parent, id, 'Thread Test')

        # Dumb sample frame with two buttons
        wx.Button(self, ID_START, 'Start', pos=(0,0))
        wx.Button(self, ID_STOP, 'Stop', pos=(0,50))
        self.status = wx.StaticText(self, -1, '', pos=(0,100))

        self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.OnStart, id=ID_START)
        self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.OnStop, id=ID_STOP)

        # Set up event handler for any worker thread results
        EVT_RESULT(self,self.OnResult)

        # And indicate we don't have a worker thread yet
        self.worker = None

    def OnStart(self, event):
        """Start Computation."""
        # Trigger the worker thread unless it's already busy
        if self.worker:
            return
        else:
            self.status.SetLabel('Starting computation')
            self.worker = WorkerThread(self)
            self.worker.start()
            self.status.SetLabel('Computation started')

    def OnStop(self, event):
        """Stop Computation."""
        # Flag the worker thread to stop if running
        if self.worker:
            self.status.SetLabel('Trying to abort computation')
            self.worker.abort()
            self.worker = None
        else:
            self.status.SetLabel('Computation not running')

    def OnResult(self, event):
        """Show Result status."""
        if event.data is None:
            # Thread aborted (using our convention of None return)
            self.status.SetLabel('Computation aborted')
        else:
            # Process results here
            self.status.SetLabel('Computation Result: %s' % event.data)
        if event.data == 10: 
            self.worker = None
            self.status.SetLabel('Computation Finished')

class MainApp(wx.App):
    """Class Main App."""
    def OnInit(self):
        """Init Main App."""
        self.frame = MainFrame(None, -1)
        self.frame.Show(True)
        self.SetTopWindow(self.frame)
        return True

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = MainApp(0)
    app.MainLoop()