React/TypeScript 測試失敗。 “考慮使用‘jsdom’測試環境。”

Question

我有一個非常簡單的 React/TypeScript 應用程序，我正在嘗試學習如何實現測試。 我正在使用 React 測試庫和 Jest。 這是一個非常簡單的產品頁面，我只是想測試一下“Welcome to our product page”是否已呈現。

當我運行測試時，我得到這個錯誤信息： The error below may be caused by using the wrong test environment, see https://jestjs.io/docs/configuration#testenvironment-string. Consider using the "jsdom" test environment. ReferenceError: document is not defined The error below may be caused by using the wrong test environment, see https://jestjs.io/docs/configuration#testenvironment-string. Consider using the "jsdom" test environment. ReferenceError: document is not defined The error below may be caused by using the wrong test environment, see https://jestjs.io/docs/configuration#testenvironment-string. Consider using the "jsdom" test environment. ReferenceError: document is not defined 。

我在 Stack Overflow 上查看了類似問題中的所有解決方案，但沒有任何效果。 我嘗試添加

/**
 * @jest-environment jsdom
*/ 

到測試文件的頂部，但這只會產生不同的錯誤消息： ReferenceError: global is not defined 。

我會很感激任何幫助。 下面是我的代碼：

ProductPage.test.tsx

import React from "react";
import { render, screen } from "@testing-library/react";
import ProductPage from "../ProductPage";

describe("<ProductPage />", () => {
  test("should display the product page", () => {
    render(<ProductPage />);
    expect(
        screen.getByText(/Welcome to our product page/)
    ).toBeInTheDocument();
  });
});

jest.config.js

module.exports = {              
  roots: ["<rootDir>/src"],          

  transform: {
    "^.+\\.tsx?$": "ts-jest",
    "^.+\\.svg$": "<rootDir>/svgTransform.js",
    "^.+\\.css$": "<rootDir>/cssTransform.js"
  },       
  
  setupFilesAfterEnv: [        
    "@testing-library/jest-dom/extend-expect"
  ],    

  testRegex: "(/__tests__/.*|(\\.|/)(test|spec))\\.tsx?$",    

  moduleFileExtensions: ["ts", "tsx", "js", "jsx", "json", "node"]
};  

tsconfig.json

{
  "compilerOptions": {
    "target": "es5",
    "module": "esnext",
    "esModuleInterop": true,
    "forceConsistentCasingInFileNames": true,
    "strict": true,
    "skipLibCheck": true,
    "lib": [
      "dom",
      "dom.iterable",
      "esnext"
    ],
    "allowJs": true,
    "allowSyntheticDefaultImports": true,
    "noFallthroughCasesInSwitch": true,
    "moduleResolution": "node",
    "resolveJsonModule": true,
    "isolatedModules": true,
    "noEmit": true,
    "jsx": "react-jsx"
  },
  "include": [
    "src"
  ]
}  

package.json

{
  "name": "product-page",
  "version": "0.1.0",
  "private": true,
  "dependencies": {
    "@apollo/client": "^3.4.17",
    "@babel/core": "^7.16.0",
    "@babel/preset-env": "^7.16.4",
    "@babel/preset-typescript": "^7.16.0",
    "@emotion/react": "^11.6.0",
    "@emotion/styled": "^11.6.0",
    "@mui/material": "^5.1.1",
    "@mui/system": "^5.1.1",
    "@testing-library/jest-dom": "^5.11.4",
    "@testing-library/react": "^11.1.0",
    "@testing-library/user-event": "^12.1.10",
    "@types/jest": "^27.0.2",
    "@types/node": "^16.11.7",
    "@types/react": "^17.0.35",
    "@types/react-dom": "^17.0.11",
    "babel-jest": "^27.3.1",
    "graphql": "^16.0.1",
    "jest": "^27.3.1",
    "react": "^17.0.2",
    "react-dom": "^17.0.2",
    "react-scripts": "4.0.3",
    "ts-jest": "^27.0.7",
    "typescript": "^4.4.4",
    "web-vitals": "^1.0.1"    
  },
  "scripts": {
    "start": "react-scripts start",
    "build": "react-scripts build",
    "test": "jest",
    "test:watch": "jest --watch",
    "eject": "react-scripts eject"
  },
  "eslintConfig": {
    "extends": [
      "react-app",
      "react-app/jest"
    ]
  },
  "browserslist": {
    "production": [
      ">0.2%",
      "not dead",
      "not op_mini all"
    ],
    "development": [
      "last 1 chrome version",
      "last 1 firefox version",
      "last 1 safari version"
    ]
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "ts-node": "^10.4.0"
  }
}

Answer 1

為了使用 jsdom 你需要添加

testEnvironment: 'jsdom',

到你的jest.config.js

編輯：您可能還需要將其添加為依賴項。

Answer 2

1. 將testEnvironment: 'jsdom'添加到jest.config.js 。 這解決了 jsdom 錯誤。
2. 添加jest-environment-jsdom作為開發依賴項（無論出於何種原因，添加jsdom沒有幫助）。 這解決了全局錯誤。