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Python:無法從不同的模塊/功能訪問 class 屬性

[英]Python: cannot access class attribute from different modules/functions

我有一個名為 Org 的 class,我試圖從多個函數(在類外部定義)訪問它的方法。 我首先調用main() ,然后是discover_buildings() main()執行沒有錯誤,但是,我在調用discover_buildings()后得到AttributeError: 'Org' has no attribute 'headers'錯誤。 我做錯了什么? (我期待headers屬性在不同的方法之間共享)

class Org(object):

    def __init__(self, client_id, client_secret, grant_type='client_credentials'):
        self.grant_type = grant_type
        self.client_id = client_id
        self.client_secret = client_secret
        self.url = CI_A_URL

    def auth(self):
        """ authenticate with bos """
        params = {
            'client_id': self.client_id,
            'client_secret': self.client_secret,
            'grant_type': self.grant_type
        }
        r = requests.post(self.url + 'o/token/', data=params)
        if r.status_code == 200:
            self.access_token = r.json()['access_token']
            self.headers = {
                'Authorization': 'Bearer %s' %self.access_token,
                'Content-Type': 'application/json',
            }
        else:
            logging.error(r.content)
            r.raise_for_status()

    def get_buildings(self, perPage=1000):
        params = {
            'perPage': perPage
        }

        r = requests.get(self.url + 'buildings/', params=params, headers=self.headers)
        result = r.json().get('data')
        if r.status_code == 200:
            buildings_dict = {i['name']: i['id'] for i in result}
            sheet_buildings['A1'].value = buildings_dict
        else:
            logging.error(r.content)
            r.raise_for_status()


client_id = 'xxx'
client_secret = 'yyy'
gateway_id = 123
o = Org(client_id, client_secret)

def discover_buildings():
    return o.get_buildings()

def main():
    return o.auth()

在此先感謝您的幫助!

問題是您定義“discover_buildings”的方式,您首先用“o”定義它,而不是在身份驗證之后初始化。

處理這個:

  1. 重寫discover以'o'作為參數

    或者

  2. 如果沒有驗證“o”,請先檢查“o”是否有“標題”並執行 rest

     def discover_buildings(): if not getattr(o, 'headers'): o.auth() return o.get_buildings()

嘗試在需要時使用屬性來計算標頭,然后將其緩存。


    def auth(self):
        """ authenticate with bos """
        #  👇you might want to isolate `token` into a nested @property token
        params = {
            'client_id': self.client_id,
            'client_secret': self.client_secret,
            'grant_type': self.grant_type
        }

        # note assignment to `_headers`, not `headers`



        r = requests.post(self.url + 'o/token/', data=params)
        if r.status_code == 200:
            self._access_token = r.json()['access_token']


        #  👆 
            self._headers = { # 👈
                'Authorization': 'Bearer %s' %self._access_token,
                'Content-Type': 'application/json',
            }
        else:
            logging.error(r.content)
            r.raise_for_status()

    #cache after the first time.
    _headers = None
    
    @property
    def headers(self):
        """ call auth when needed
        you might want to isolate `token`
        into its own property, allowing different
        headers to use the same token lookup
        """
        if self._headers is None:
            self.auth()
        return self._headers
    

您沒有定義self.headers 您需要在運行 o.get_buildings() 之前運行o.auth() (或定義self.headers o.get_buildings()

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