Pip python package 安裝錯誤 ubuntu：

Question

我昨天將我的 Ubuntu 版本從 18.04 升級到了 20.04。 我無法使用 pip 安裝任何 python package。 例如，運行 -

pip install numpy

退貨

DEPRECATION: Python 2.7 reached the end of its life on January 1st, 2020. Please upgrade your Python as Python 2.7 is no longer maintained. pip 21.0 will drop support for Python 2.7 in January 2021. More details about Python 2 support in pip can be found at https://pip.pypa.io/en/latest/development/release-process/#python-2-support pip 21.0 will remove support for this functionality.
Collecting numpy
  Downloading numpy-1.16.6-cp27-cp27mu-manylinux1_x86_64.whl (17.0 MB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 17.0 MB 99 kB/s 
Installing collected packages: numpy
Successfully installed numpy-1.16.6
ERROR: Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip-21.0.1-py2.7.egg/pip/_internal/cli/base_command.py", line 228, in _main
    status = self.run(options, args)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip-21.0.1-py2.7.egg/pip/_internal/cli/req_command.py", line 182, in wrapper
    return func(self, options, args)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip-21.0.1-py2.7.egg/pip/_internal/commands/install.py", line 456, in run
    options.target_dir, target_temp_dir, options.upgrade
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip-21.0.1-py2.7.egg/pip/_internal/commands/install.py", line 514, in _handle_target_dir
    target_item_dir
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/shutil.py", line 322, in move
    copytree(src, real_dst, symlinks=True)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/shutil.py", line 200, in copytree
    os.makedirs(dst)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/os.py", line 157, in makedirs
    mkdir(name, mode)
OSError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/numpy-1.16.6.dist-info

我知道 Ubuntu 20.04 默認使用 python3.8。 但正如您在日志中看到的，它以某種方式指向我在以前的 Ubuntu 版本中使用的 python3.6。 我不想要python3.6。 我只想在我的系統上使用 python3.8 go 。

附加信息-

$pip -V 
pip 20.2.3 from /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip-21.0.1-py2.7.egg/pip (python 2.7)

$pip3 -V
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/dell/.local/bin/pip3", line 5, in <module>
    from pip._internal.cli.main import main
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/pip/_internal/cli/main.py", line 9, in <module>
    from pip._internal.cli.autocompletion import autocomplete
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/pip/_internal/cli/autocompletion.py", line 10, in <module>
    from pip._internal.cli.main_parser import create_main_parser
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/pip/_internal/cli/main_parser.py", line 8, in <module>
    from pip._internal.cli import cmdoptions
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/pip/_internal/cli/cmdoptions.py", line 23, in <module>
    from pip._internal.cli.parser import ConfigOptionParser
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/pip/_internal/cli/parser.py", line 12, in <module>
    from pip._internal.configuration import Configuration, ConfigurationError
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/pip/_internal/configuration.py", line 26, in <module>
    from pip._internal.utils.logging import getLogger
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/pip/_internal/utils/logging.py", line 13, in <module>
    from pip._internal.utils.misc import ensure_dir
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/pip/_internal/utils/misc.py", line 40, in <module>
    from pip._internal.locations import get_major_minor_version, site_packages, user_site
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/pip/_internal/locations/__init__.py", line 14, in <module>
    from . import _distutils, _sysconfig
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/pip/_internal/locations/_distutils.py", line 9, in <module>
    from distutils.cmd import Command as DistutilsCommand
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'distutils.cmd'

$python -V
Python 2.7.18

$python3 -V
Python 3.8.10

編輯@tripleee 評論

$cd /home/dell/.local/lib
~/.local/lib$ ls 
python2.7  python3.6  python3.8

~/.local/lib$ cd python3.6/site-packages
~/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages$ ls

請參閱此圖像以獲取上述命令

Answer 1

首先，在您運行代碼時收到的響應中，我看到提到了 python 2.7。 這是不尋常的，因為我使用 Linux mint（ubuntu 的近親），並且在使用 pip 時沒有收到這些消息。 我想我知道這里似乎有什么問題。 嘗試使用pip3而不是pip 。 這兩個都是近親，但嘗試使用pip3