嘗試使用 python 映像安裝 Fiona 時 Docker 構建失敗

Question

我想用 Python Dash App 構建一個 Docker 容器。 該應用程序需要地理空間包，如 Geopandas、Folium、Shapely。 嘗試構建 Docker Image 時，它在嘗試安裝 Fiona 時失敗，它說它需要 GDAL。 我不知道如何將 gdal 包安裝到基本映像。

文件

FROM python:3.8-slim
WORKDIR /code 
COPY ./requirements.txt /code/requirements.txt
RUN pip install -r requirements.txt && rm -rf /root/.cache
COPY ./ /code/
CMD ["gunicorn","-b","0.0.0.0:8080","index:server"]

要求.txt

attrs==21.2.0; python_version >= "3.7" and python_full_version < "3.0.0" or python_full_version >= "3.5.0" and python_version >= "3.7"
branca==0.4.2; python_version >= "3.5"
brotli==1.0.9; python_version >= "3.6"
certifi==2021.10.8; python_version >= "3.8" and python_full_version < "3.0.0" or python_full_version >= "3.6.0" and python_version >= "3.8"
charset-normalizer==2.0.10; python_full_version >= "3.6.0" and python_version >= "3.5"
chart-studio==1.1.0
click-plugins==1.1.1; python_version >= "3.7"
click==8.0.3; python_version >= "3.7" and python_full_version < "3.0.0" or python_full_version >= "3.3.0" and python_version < "4" and python_version >= "3.7"
cligj==0.7.2; python_version >= "3.7" and python_full_version < "3.0.0" or python_full_version >= "3.3.0" and python_version < "4" and python_version >= "3.7"
colorama==0.4.4; python_version >= "3.7" and python_full_version < "3.0.0" and platform_system == "Windows" or platform_system == "Windows" and python_version >= "3.7" and python_full_version >= "3.5.0"
cycler==0.11.0; python_version >= "3.7"
dash-auth==1.4.1
dash-bootstrap-components==1.0.0; (python_version >= "2.7" and python_full_version < "3.0.0") or (python_full_version >= "3.5.0" and python_version < "4")
dash-core-components==2.0.0; python_version >= "3.6"
dash-daq==0.5.0
dash-html-components==2.0.0; python_version >= "3.6"
dash-table==5.0.0; python_version >= "3.6"
dash==2.0.0; python_version >= "3.6"
fiona==1.8.20; python_version >= "3.7"
flask-compress==1.10.1; python_version >= "3.6"
flask-seasurf==0.3.1
flask==2.0.2; python_version >= "3.6"
folium==0.12.1.post1; python_version >= "3.5"
fonttools==4.29.1; python_version >= "3.7"
geopandas==0.10.2; python_version >= "3.7"
gunicorn==20.1.0; python_version >= "3.5"
idna==3.3; python_version >= "3.5" and python_full_version < "3.0.0" or python_full_version >= "3.6.0" and python_version >= "3.5"
itsdangerous==2.0.1; python_version >= "3.6"
jinja2==3.0.3; python_version >= "3.6"
joblib==1.1.0; python_version >= "3.7"
kiwisolver==1.3.2; python_version >= "3.7"
mapclassify==2.4.3
markupsafe==2.0.1; python_version >= "3.6"
matplotlib==3.5.1; python_version >= "3.7"
munch==2.5.0; python_version >= "3.7"
networkx==2.6.3; python_version >= "3.7"
numpy==1.21.1; python_version >= "3.7"
packaging==21.3; python_version >= "3.7"
pandas==1.3.4; python_full_version >= "3.7.1"
pillow==9.0.1; python_version >= "3.7"
plotly==5.4.0; python_version >= "3.6"
pyparsing==3.0.7; python_version >= "3.7"
pyproj==3.3.0; python_version >= "3.8"
python-dateutil==2.8.2; python_full_version >= "3.7.1" and python_version >= "3.7"
python-decouple==3.5
pytz==2021.3; python_full_version >= "3.7.1" and python_version >= "3.7"
requests==2.27.1; python_version >= "3.5" and python_full_version < "3.0.0" or python_full_version >= "3.6.0" and python_version >= "3.5"
retrying==1.3.3
rtree==0.9.7
scikit-learn==1.0.2; python_version >= "3.7"
scipy==1.6.1; python_version >= "3.7"
setuptools-scm==6.4.2; python_version >= "3.7"
shapely==1.8.0; python_version >= "3.7"
six==1.16.0; python_full_version >= "3.7.1" and python_version >= "3.7" and (python_version >= "3.6" and python_full_version < "3.0.0" or python_full_version >= "3.3.0" and python_version >= "3.6") and (python_version >= "2.7" and python_full_version < "3.0.0" or python_full_version >= "3.3.0") and (python_version >= "3.7" and python_full_version < "3.0.0" or python_full_version >= "3.3.0" and python_version >= "3.7")
tenacity==8.0.1; python_version >= "3.6"
threadpoolctl==3.1.0; python_version >= "3.7"
tomli==2.0.0; python_version >= "3.7"
ua-parser==0.10.0
urllib3==1.26.8; python_version >= "3.5" and python_full_version < "3.0.0" or python_full_version >= "3.6.0" and python_version < "4" and python_version >= "3.5"
werkzeug==2.0.2; python_version >= "3.6"

嘗試構建時的結果

...
#8 2.723   Downloading dash_table-5.0.0.tar.gz (3.4 kB)
#8 2.843 Collecting dash==2.0.0
#8 2.859   Downloading dash-2.0.0-py3-none-any.whl (7.3 MB)
#8 3.850 Collecting fiona==1.8.20
#8 3.882   Downloading Fiona-1.8.20.tar.gz (1.3 MB)
#8 4.187     ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
#8 4.187      command: /usr/local/bin/python -c 'import io, os, sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-bsxe9wyf/fiona_029030bfc6284bc292763bed2693d299/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-bsxe9wyf/fiona_029030bfc6284bc292763bed2693d299/setup.py'"'"';f = getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__) if os.path.exists(__file__) else io.StringIO('"'"'from setuptools import setup; setup()'"'"');code = f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' egg_info --egg-base /tmp/pip-pip-egg-info-oim_g79k
#8 4.187          cwd: /tmp/pip-install-bsxe9wyf/fiona_029030bfc6284bc292763bed2693d299/
#8 4.187     Complete output (2 lines):
#8 4.187     Failed to get options via gdal-config: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'gdal-config'
#8 4.187     A GDAL API version must be specified. Provide a path to gdal-config using a GDAL_CONFIG environment variable or use a GDAL_VERSION environment variable.
#8 4.187     ----------------------------------------
#8 4.187 WARNING: Discarding https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/ec/f7/093890341a7e8fbfcdfa04caf4dfb588ebab32c13ceaa6a3819da79ea106/Fiona-1.8.20.tar.gz#sha256=a70502d2857b82f749c09cb0dea3726787747933a2a1599b5ab787d74e3c143b (from https://pypi.org/simple/fiona/). Command errored out with exit status 1: python setup.py egg_info Check the logs for full command output.
#8 4.188 ERROR: Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement fiona==1.8.20 (from versions: 0.5, 0.6, 0.6.1, 0.6.2, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 0.9.1, 0.10, 0.12, 0.12.1, 0.13, 0.14, 0.15, 0.16, 0.16.1, 1.0, 1.0.1, 1.0.2, 1.0.3, 1.1, 1.1.1, 1.1.2, 1.1.3, 1.1.4, 1.1.5, 1.1.6, 1.2.0, 1.3.0, 1.4.0, 1.4.1, 1.4.2, 1.4.3, 1.4.4, 1.4.5, 1.4.6, 1.4.7, 1.4.8, 1.5.0, 1.5.1, 1.6.0, 1.6.1, 1.6.2, 1.6.3, 1.6.3.post1, 1.6.4, 1.7b1, 1.7.0, 1.7.0.post2, 1.7.1, 1.7.1.post1, 1.7.2, 1.7.3, 1.7.4, 1.7.5, 1.7.6, 1.7.7, 1.7.8, 1.7.9, 1.7.9.post1, 1.7.10, 1.7.10.post1, 1.7.11, 1.7.11.post1, 1.7.11.post2, 1.7.12, 1.7.13, 1.8a1, 1.8a2, 1.8a3, 1.8b1, 1.8b2, 1.8rc1, 1.8.0, 1.8.1, 1.8.2, 1.8.3, 1.8.4, 1.8.5, 1.8.6, 1.8.7, 1.8.8, 1.8.9, 1.8.9.post1, 1.8.9.post2, 1.8.10, 1.8.11, 1.8.12, 1.8.13, 1.8.13.post1, 1.8.14, 1.8.15, 1.8.16, 1.8.17, 1.8.18, 1.8.19, 1.8.20, 1.8.21)
#8 4.188 ERROR: No matching distribution found for fiona==1.8.20
#8 4.252 WARNING: You are using pip version 21.2.4; however, version 22.0.3 is available.
#8 4.252 You should consider upgrading via the '/usr/local/bin/python -m pip install --upgrade pip' command.
------
executor failed running [/bin/sh -c pip install -r requirements.txt && rm -rf /root/.cache]: exit code: 1

我感謝任何幫助成功構建此圖像的幫助。

Answer 1

我設法通過將這些命令添加到 Dockerfile（在 pip install -r requirements.txt 之前）來安裝以下軟件包來解決它：

RUN apt-get update
RUN apt-get install -y gdal-bin libgdal-dev g++

這顯着增加了圖像大小，但解決了問題。

Answer 2

我的猜測是在需求安裝之前添加這個可能會有所幫助

RUN apt-get install gdal-bin

我不確定這是否是安裝 GDAL 的正確命令。 如果不是，只需查看如何安裝它並將其添加到您的 dockerfile 中。