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如何 POST JSON 數據負載和 header Python 請求？

[英]How to POST JSON with data payload and header with Python Requests?

 原文  2022-03-04 19:16:44  2   1    python/ post/ python-requests/ screen-scraping/ payload

問題描述

我正在嘗試使用 GET 和 POST 方法從網站上進行一些抓取，但現在我面臨着新的挑戰。

我正在嘗試從信用模擬器獲取數據，我找到了這個葡萄牙語網站 ( https://www.bancomontepio.pt/particulares/credito/pessoal/credito-pessoal-online )。

據我所知，我需要使用 POST 方法，但我必須指定數據（金額值、期限...）。 我通常通過創建一個字典結構來做到這一點，但這是行不通的。

老實說，我有點失落，也許問題出在 header 上……

這是我的代碼：

import requests

import warnings
warnings.filterwarnings("ignore")

term=24
amount=5000

url = 'https://simuladores.bancomontepio.pt/ITSCredit.External/Calculator/ITSCredit.Calculator.UI.External/gateway/Calculator/api/Calculator/Calculate?hash=-1359629931'

headers = {'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/81.0.4044.122 Safari/537.36',
'Accept-Language': 'pt-PT,pt;q=0.9,en-US;q=0.8,en;q=0.7'}

payload = {'Amount': amount,'Term': term,'ProductCode':"26B1129900X"}

response = requests.post(url, headers=headers, data=payload, verify=False).json()

如果我取消 .json()，我會收到錯誤響應 [410]。

目標是獲得在術語（“Prazo”）或數量（“Montante”）值發生變化時發生變化的 TAN 或 TAEG。

有什么想法嗎？

[編輯]

headers = {'Accept': 'application/json, text/plain, */*' ,
'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate, br',
'Accept-Language': 'pt-PT,pt;q=0.9,en-US;q=0.8,en;q=0.7',
'Connection': 'keep-alive',
'Content-Length': '957',
'content-type': 'text/plain',
'Cookie': '_gcl_au=1.1.911606195.1646064658; OptanonAlertBoxClosed=2022-02-28T16:45:11.586Z; _ga=GA1.2.1147601977.1646064657; _ga_8WVEJF7X11=GS1.1.1646305654.3.1.1646309750.0; _ga_63QCVBV1V3=GS1.1.1646305679.1.1.1646309750.0; ASP.NET_SessionId=wlfbf2dx4oatlio0vl1ftinq; _gid=GA1.2.449121330.1646650093; calc-cookie=; OptanonConsent=isGpcEnabled=0&datestamp=Mon+Mar+07+2022+11%3A38%3A48+GMT%2B0000+(Hora+padr%C3%A3o+da+Europa+Ocidental)&version=6.30.0&isIABGlobal=false&consentId=6caccc97-6af1-4b55-9049-5694835d9f7a&interactionCount=2&landingPath=NotLandingPage&groups=C0001%3A1%2CC0002%3A1%2CC0003%3A1%2CC0004%3A1&hosts=H10%3A1%2CH20%3A1%2CH7%3A1%2CH8%3A1%2CH23%3A1%2CH11%3A1%2CH24%3A1%2CH13%3A1%2CH25%3A1&genVendors=&geolocation=ES%3B&AwaitingReconsent=false; _gali=slider-container; _gat_UA-186811106-6=1',
'Host': 'simuladores.bancomontepio.pt',
'Origin': 'https://simuladores.bancomontepio.pt',
'Referer': 'https://simuladores.bancomontepio.pt/',
'sec-ch-ua': '" Not A;Brand";v="99", "Chromium";v="90", "Google Chrome";v="90"',
'sec-ch-ua-mobile': '?0',
'Sec-Fetch-Dest': 'empty',
'Sec-Fetch-Mode': 'cors',
'Sec-Fetch-Site': 'same-origin',
'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/90.0.4430.212 Safari/537.36'}headers = {'Accept': 'application/json, text/plain, */*' ,
'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate, br',
'Accept-Language': 'pt-PT,pt;q=0.9,en-US;q=0.8,en;q=0.7',
'Connection': 'keep-alive',
'Content-Length': '957',
'content-type': 'text/plain',
'Cookie': '_gcl_au=1.1.911606195.1646064658; OptanonAlertBoxClosed=2022-02-28T16:45:11.586Z; _ga=GA1.2.1147601977.1646064657; _ga_8WVEJF7X11=GS1.1.1646305654.3.1.1646309750.0; _ga_63QCVBV1V3=GS1.1.1646305679.1.1.1646309750.0; ASP.NET_SessionId=wlfbf2dx4oatlio0vl1ftinq; _gid=GA1.2.449121330.1646650093; calc-cookie=; OptanonConsent=isGpcEnabled=0&datestamp=Mon+Mar+07+2022+11%3A38%3A48+GMT%2B0000+(Hora+padr%C3%A3o+da+Europa+Ocidental)&version=6.30.0&isIABGlobal=false&consentId=6caccc97-6af1-4b55-9049-5694835d9f7a&interactionCount=2&landingPath=NotLandingPage&groups=C0001%3A1%2CC0002%3A1%2CC0003%3A1%2CC0004%3A1&hosts=H10%3A1%2CH20%3A1%2CH7%3A1%2CH8%3A1%2CH23%3A1%2CH11%3A1%2CH24%3A1%2CH13%3A1%2CH25%3A1&genVendors=&geolocation=ES%3B&AwaitingReconsent=false; _gali=slider-container; _gat_UA-186811106-6=1',
'Host': 'simuladores.bancomontepio.pt',
'Origin': 'https://simuladores.bancomontepio.pt',
'Referer': 'https://simuladores.bancomontepio.pt/',
'sec-ch-ua': '" Not A;Brand";v="99", "Chromium";v="90", "Google Chrome";v="90"',
'sec-ch-ua-mobile': '?0',
'Sec-Fetch-Dest': 'empty',
'Sec-Fetch-Mode': 'cors',
'Sec-Fetch-Site': 'same-origin',
'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/90.0.4430.212 Safari/537.36'}

payload = {'CCRDCalculateInput':{},'MultifunctionsCalculateInput':{},'Device':{'Browser':'chrome','BrowserVersion':'90.0.4430.212','Device':'Desktop','Os':'windows','OsVersion':'windows-10','UserAgent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/90.0.4430.212 Safari/537.36'},'IsCustomer':'true','Amount':7500,'Term':60,'ConditionCode':'26B1129900X-01-I-129900-F','CreditDestinationCode':'129900','ProductCode':'26B1129900X','FinancedExpenses':'false','FrequencyTrancheCode':'null','GoalCode':'C006','GoalDescription':'PROJETOS PESSOAIS','FrequencyTypeCode':'M','FamilyCode':'CP','Proponents':[{'Position':1,
'Birthday':'1992-03-07T13:03:30.000Z','State':'true','EntityType':{'ID':1,'CompanyID':1,'Code':'P','Description':'Proponente','Value':'null','ValueString':'null','State':'true','Imported':'null'},'ExpenseCodes':['009']}],'Counterparts':0,'OptionalExpenses':[{'Code':'009','Factor':1}],'ResidualValue':0,'InterestOnly':0,'Deferment':0}

現在我得到一個空的 json()... Response 200 但我得到了這個結構：

{'Status': 'Unknown',
 'Error': {'VisibleToHuman': False, 'Code': '0', 'Message': ''},
 'Result': None}

據我所知，狀態應該是“確定”才能獲得有關結果的一些信息。

干杯

1 個解決方案

解決方案1
 2 已采納  2022-03-10 13:46:39

看起來您需要擴展有效負載以包含更多（所有）參數（包括 cookies，特別是ASP.NET_SessionId ）。

import requests

import warnings
warnings.filterwarnings("ignore")

term=24
amount=5000

url = 'https://simuladores.bancomontepio.pt/ITSCredit.External/Calculator/ITSCredit.Calculator.UI.External/gateway/Calculator/api/Calculator/Calculate?hash=-1359629931'

headers = {'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/81.0.4044.122 Safari/537.36',
'Accept-Language': 'pt-PT,pt;q=0.9,en-US;q=0.8,en;q=0.7',
'Cookie':'ASP.NET_SessionId=fhkyn1vn5knlw3uhdnh50nii;'}


payload = {
    "CCRDCalculateInput":{},
    "MultifunctionsCalculateInput":{},
    "Device":{
        "Browser":"chrome",
        "BrowserVersion":"96.0.4664.110",
        "Device":"Desktop",
        "Os":"windows",
        "OsVersion":"windows-10",
        "UserAgent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/96.0.4664.110 Safari/537.36"},
    "IsCustomer":'true',
    "Amount":amount,
    "Term":term,
    "ConditionCode":"26B1129900X-01-I-129900-F",
    "CreditDestinationCode":"129900",
    "ProductCode":"26B1129900X",
    "FinancedExpenses":'false',
    "FrequencyTrancheCode":'null',
    "GoalCode":"C006",
    "GoalDescription":"PROJETOS PESSOAIS",
    "FrequencyTypeCode":"M",
    "FamilyCode":"CP",
    "Proponents":[{
        "Position":'1',
        "Birthday":"1992-03-10T13:03:24.000Z",
        "State":'true',
        "EntityType":{
            "ID":'1',
            "CompanyID":'1',
            "Code":"P",
            "Description":"Proponente",
            "Value":'null',
            "ValueString":'null',
            "State":'true',
            "Imported":'null'},
        "ExpenseCodes":[
            "009"]}],
    "Counterparts":'0',
    "OptionalExpenses":[{
        "Code":"009",
        "Factor":'1'}],
    "ResidualValue":'0',
    "InterestOnly":'0',
    "Deferment":'0'}

jsonData = requests.post(url, headers=headers, json=payload, verify=False).json()
results = jsonData['Result']

mtic = results['MTIC']
installment = results['PeriodInstallment'][0]['Installment']
taeg = results['TAEG']
tan = results['PeriodInstallment'][0]['TAN']


print(f'Installment: {installment}\nTAEG: {taeg}\nTAN: {tan}\nMTIC: {mtic}')

Output：

Installment: 224.5
TAEG: 14.8
TAN: 7.0
MTIC: 5708.2

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