無法安裝 fitsio package。錯誤：legacy-install-failure

Question

我嘗試安裝一個 python package。它是 fitsio。 我在 Jupyter Notebook 上工作，但我是初學者。

我嘗試pip install fitsio但我有一個錯誤，如您所見：

C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\BuildTools>pip install fitsio
Collecting fitsio
  Using cached fitsio-1.1.7.tar.gz (5.0 MB)
  Preparing metadata (setup.py) ... done
Requirement already satisfied: numpy in c:\users\utilisateur\appdata\local\packages\pythonsoftwarefoundation.python.3.7_qbz5n2kfra8p0\localcache\local-packages\python37\site-packages (from fitsio) (1.21.6)
Using legacy 'setup.py install' for fitsio, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Installing collected packages: fitsio
  Running setup.py install for fitsio ... error
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error

  × Running setup.py install for fitsio did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> [64 lines of output]
      running install
      running build
      running build_py
      creating build
      creating build\lib.win-amd64-3.7
      creating build\lib.win-amd64-3.7\fitsio
      copying fitsio\fitslib.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.7\fitsio
      copying fitsio\header.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.7\fitsio
      copying fitsio\test.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.7\fitsio
      copying fitsio\util.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.7\fitsio
      copying fitsio\__init__.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.7\fitsio
      creating build\lib.win-amd64-3.7\fitsio\hdu
      copying fitsio\hdu\base.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.7\fitsio\hdu
      copying fitsio\hdu\image.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.7\fitsio\hdu
      copying fitsio\hdu\table.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.7\fitsio\hdu
      copying fitsio\hdu\__init__.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.7\fitsio\hdu
      running egg_info
      writing fitsio.egg-info\PKG-INFO
      writing dependency_links to fitsio.egg-info\dependency_links.txt
      writing requirements to fitsio.egg-info\requires.txt
      writing top-level names to fitsio.egg-info\top_level.txt
      reading manifest file 'fitsio.egg-info\SOURCES.txt'
      reading manifest template 'MANIFEST.in'
      writing manifest file 'fitsio.egg-info\SOURCES.txt'
      copying fitsio\fitsio_pywrap.c -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.7\fitsio
      creating build\lib.win-amd64-3.7\fitsio\test_images
      copying fitsio\test_images\test_gzip_compressed_image.fits.fz -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.7\fitsio\test_images
      running build_ext
      Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "<string>", line 36, in <module>
        File "<pip-setuptools-caller>", line 34, in <module>
        File "C:\Users\UTILIS~1\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-pugpqzau\fitsio_302dc86b80ce48538f11d014b602f5f7\setup.py", line 284, in <module>
          cmdclass={"build_ext": build_ext_subclass}
        File "C:\Program Files\WindowsApps\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.7_3.7.2544.0_x64__qbz5n2kfra8p0\lib\site-packages\setuptools\__init__.py", line 144, in setup
          return distutils.core.setup(**attrs)
        File "C:\Program Files\WindowsApps\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.7_3.7.2544.0_x64__qbz5n2kfra8p0\lib\distutils\core.py", line 148, in setup
          dist.run_commands()
        File "C:\Program Files\WindowsApps\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.7_3.7.2544.0_x64__qbz5n2kfra8p0\lib\distutils\dist.py", line 966, in run_commands
          self.run_command(cmd)
        File "C:\Program Files\WindowsApps\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.7_3.7.2544.0_x64__qbz5n2kfra8p0\lib\distutils\dist.py", line 985, in run_command
          cmd_obj.run()
        File "C:\Program Files\WindowsApps\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.7_3.7.2544.0_x64__qbz5n2kfra8p0\lib\site-packages\setuptools\command\install.py", line 61, in run
          return orig.install.run(self)
        File "C:\Program Files\WindowsApps\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.7_3.7.2544.0_x64__qbz5n2kfra8p0\lib\distutils\command\install.py", line 545, in run
          self.run_command('build')
        File "C:\Program Files\WindowsApps\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.7_3.7.2544.0_x64__qbz5n2kfra8p0\lib\distutils\cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
          self.distribution.run_command(command)
        File "C:\Program Files\WindowsApps\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.7_3.7.2544.0_x64__qbz5n2kfra8p0\lib\distutils\dist.py", line 985, in run_command
          cmd_obj.run()
        File "C:\Program Files\WindowsApps\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.7_3.7.2544.0_x64__qbz5n2kfra8p0\lib\distutils\command\build.py", line 135, in run
          self.run_command(cmd_name)
        File "C:\Program Files\WindowsApps\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.7_3.7.2544.0_x64__qbz5n2kfra8p0\lib\distutils\cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
          self.distribution.run_command(command)
        File "C:\Program Files\WindowsApps\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.7_3.7.2544.0_x64__qbz5n2kfra8p0\lib\distutils\dist.py", line 985, in run_command
          cmd_obj.run()
        File "C:\Users\UTILIS~1\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-pugpqzau\fitsio_302dc86b80ce48538f11d014b602f5f7\setup.py", line 72, in run
          build_ext.run(self)
        File "C:\Program Files\WindowsApps\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.7_3.7.2544.0_x64__qbz5n2kfra8p0\lib\site-packages\setuptools\command\build_ext.py", line 87, in run
          _build_ext.run(self)
        File "C:\Program Files\WindowsApps\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.7_3.7.2544.0_x64__qbz5n2kfra8p0\lib\distutils\command\build_ext.py", line 340, in run
          self.build_extensions()
        File "C:\Users\UTILIS~1\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-pugpqzau\fitsio_302dc86b80ce48538f11d014b602f5f7\setup.py", line 80, in build_extensions
          CCold = self.compiler.compiler
      AttributeError: 'MSVCCompiler' object has no attribute 'compiler'
      [end of output]

  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
error: legacy-install-failure

× Encountered error while trying to install package.
╰─> fitsio

note: This is an issue with the package mentioned above, not pip.
hint: See above for output from the failure.

為了解決我的問題，我嘗試更新python -m pip install –upgrade pip & pip install –upgrade wheel & pip install –upgrade setuptools 。

此外，我下載了 Microsoft c++ 構建工具。

我使用 Anaconda 成功安裝了cfitsio ，但是當我編寫import cfitsio時，Jupyter notebook 無法識別 package。

謝謝閱讀。

Answer 1

檢查您選擇了哪個kernel以確保您的導入語句對應於相應的 Python 環境和通過 pip 安裝的pip 。

請參閱來自 Jupyter Notebooks 的 Python 版本和環境的 VSCode 問題以及https://github.com/microsoft/vscode-jupyter/issues/7373了解更多信息。