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[英]Django custom manager return everything when user is on admin page
[英]Django Custom User Manager is not called when registering users on the admin panel
在 Django 管理面板上創建用戶時,不會執行objects = CustomUserManager()
。 但是,當我使用python manage.py createsuperuser
從 CLI 創建超級用戶時,會執行objects = CustomUserManager()
。
這是模型文件
class CustomUser(AbstractUser):
username = None
email = models.EmailField(_('email address'), unique=True)
name = models.CharField(verbose_name=_("first name"), max_length=50)
stripe_customer_id = models.CharField(max_length=120)
USERNAME_FIELD = 'email'
REQUIRED_FIELDS = ['name']
objects = CustomUserManager()
def __str__(self):
return self.name
這是customUserManager
class CustomUserManager(BaseUserManager):
def create_user(self, email, password, name,**extra_fields):
if not email:
raise ValueError(_('The Email must be set'))
email = self.normalize_email(email)
customer = stripe.Customer.create(
email=email,
name=name,
)
user = self.model(email=email,name=name, stripe_customer_id=customer.id ,**extra_fields)
user.set_password(password)
user.save()
return user
def create_superuser(self, email, password,name,**extra_fields):
"""
Create and save a SuperUser with the given email and password.
"""
extra_fields.setdefault('is_staff', True)
extra_fields.setdefault('is_superuser', True)
extra_fields.setdefault('is_active', True)
if extra_fields.get('is_staff') is not True:
raise ValueError(_('Superuser must have is_staff=True.'))
if extra_fields.get('is_superuser') is not True:
raise ValueError(_('Superuser must have is_superuser=True.'))
return self.create_user(email, password, name,**extra_fields)
以下是我注冊管理面板的方式。
from django.contrib import admin
from django.contrib.auth.admin import UserAdmin
from .forms import CustomUserCreationForm, CustomUserChangeForm
from .models import CustomUser
from django.utils.translation import gettext_lazy as _
class CustomUserAdmin(UserAdmin):
add_form = CustomUserCreationForm
form = CustomUserChangeForm
model = CustomUser
....
admin.site.register(CustomUser, CustomUserAdmin)
下面是CustomUserCreationForm
class CustomUserCreationForm(UserCreationForm):
class Meta:
model = CustomUser
fields = "__all__"
UserAdmin
依賴於ModelAdmin
中的實現來構造實例、驗證表單,然后保存實例,而不是調用模型管理器上的自定義方法。
調用鏈: ModelAdmin.add_view()
→ ... → self._changeform_view()
,它調用:
form.is_valid()
(屬於ModelForm
) → ... → self._post_clean()
→ self.instance = construct_instance(...)
,self.save_form(...)
→ new_object = form.save(commit=False)
(屬於BaseModelForm
)返回self.instance
,以及self.save_model(..., new_object, ...)
→ obj.save()
。 您可以覆蓋ModelAdmin.save_form
以調用自定義用戶管理器的create_user
方法並替換form.instance
:
class CustomUserAdmin(UserAdmin):
model = CustomUser
fieldsets = (
(None, {'fields': (model.USERNAME_FIELD, 'name', 'password')}),
) + UserAdmin.fieldsets[2:]
add_fieldsets = (
(None, {'fields': (model.USERNAME_FIELD, 'name', 'password1', 'password2')}),
)
ordering = (model.USERNAME_FIELD,)
def save_form(self, request, form, change):
if not change:
form.instance = self.model.objects.create_user(
form.cleaned_data['email'],
form.cleaned_data['password1'],
form.cleaned_data['name'],
)
return super().save_form(request, form, change)
⚠️ 注意在通常的調用鏈中save_form()
不調用obj.save()
,因為ModelAdmin
處理多個表單集和 m2m 模型,而CustomUserManager.create_user
確實調用user.save()
。 可以在具有已知范圍的UserAdmin
中更改此行為,但您可以考慮將CustomUserManager.create_user
拆分為CustomUserManager.construct_instance
和CustomUserManager.save_new_model
(在此處移動 stripe.Customer.create stripe.Customer.create(...)
和user.save()
)。
事實上,當您從管理面板創建新用戶時,不會調用您的自定義方法create_user
(和create_superuser
,您可能也重寫了)。 我不確定既不明白為什么,但我認為create_user
函數只是一個快捷方式。
為什么不重寫CustomUser
的save()
方法? 從 Django 文檔中:
覆蓋內置方法的經典用例是,如果您希望在保存對象時發生某些事情。
不正是你要找的嗎? 在此處(在表單級別執行此操作)和此處(如果您更喜歡直接更改模型本身,無論使用哪種表單)查看 Django 文檔以獲取更多信息。
例如,如果您更喜歡第二個選項,您可以將此方法添加到CustomUser
:
from django.apps.apps import get_model
from django.db import transaction
class CustomUser(AbstractUser):
# your initial code goes here ...
def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
# make the distinction between the creation and the update of the instance
if not self._state.adding:
# doesn't change the initial method if the user has already been saved in DB
return super(CustomUser, self).save(*args, **kwargs)
# guarantee of atomicity
with transaction.atomic():
# dynamic resolution to avoid a circular import, might not be necessary
customer = get_model("stripe", "Customer").create(
email=self.email,
name=self.name,
)
self.stripe_customer_id = customer.id
super(CustomUser, self).save(*args, **kwargs)
return self
不要忘記區分實例的創建和更新。
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