使用 Laravel 和 gmail 發送郵件

Question

我正在嘗試使用 Laravel 和 Gmail 帳戶發送郵件。 我已經多次更改 .env 和 mail.php 文件，嘗試使用 stackoverflow 解決方案，但出現不同的錯誤。 我不知道這是否重要，但我正在本地嘗試。 根據我的實際配置，我得到了這個異常：

[2022-07-22 11:01:16] local.ERROR: Process could not be started [El sistema no puede encontrar la ruta especificada.
] {"userId":1,"exception":"[object] (Swift_TransportException(code: 0): Process could not be started [El sistema no puede encontrar la ruta especificada.
] at C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\swiftmailer\\swiftmailer\\lib\\classes\\Swift\\Transport\\StreamBuffer.php:294)
[stacktrace]
#0 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\swiftmailer\\swiftmailer\\lib\\classes\\Swift\\Transport\\StreamBuffer.php(54): Swift_Transport_StreamBuffer->establishProcessConnection()
#1 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\swiftmailer\\swiftmailer\\lib\\classes\\Swift\\Transport\\AbstractSmtpTransport.php(143): Swift_Transport_StreamBuffer->initialize(Array)
#2 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\swiftmailer\\swiftmailer\\lib\\classes\\Swift\\Transport\\SendmailTransport.php(50): Swift_Transport_AbstractSmtpTransport->start()
#3 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\swiftmailer\\swiftmailer\\lib\\classes\\Swift\\Mailer.php(65): Swift_Transport_SendmailTransport->start()
#4 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Mail\\Mailer.php(521): Swift_Mailer->send(Object(Swift_Message), Array)
#5 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Mail\\Mailer.php(288): Illuminate\\Mail\\Mailer->sendSwiftMessage(Object(Swift_Message))
#6 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Mail\\Mailable.php(187): Illuminate\\Mail\\Mailer->send(Object(Illuminate\\Support\\HtmlString), Array, Object(Closure))
#7 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Support\\Traits\\Localizable.php(19): Illuminate\\Mail\\Mailable->Illuminate\\Mail\\{closure}()
#8 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Mail\\Mailable.php(188): Illuminate\\Mail\\Mailable->withLocale(NULL, Object(Closure))
#9 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Mail\\Mailer.php(304): Illuminate\\Mail\\Mailable->send(Object(Illuminate\\Mail\\Mailer))
#10 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Mail\\Mailer.php(258): Illuminate\\Mail\\Mailer->sendMailable(Object(App\\Mail\\CorreuAppComp))
#11 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Mail\\PendingMail.php(124): Illuminate\\Mail\\Mailer->send(Object(App\\Mail\\CorreuAppComp))
#12 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\app\\Http\\Controllers\\CorreusController.php(28): Illuminate\\Mail\\PendingMail->send(Object(App\\Mail\\CorreuAppComp))
#13 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Routing\\Controller.php(54): App\\Http\\Controllers\\CorreusController->send(Object(App\\Models\\Comunitat))
#14 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Routing\\ControllerDispatcher.php(45): Illuminate\\Routing\\Controller->callAction('send', Array)
#15 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Routing\\Route.php(262): Illuminate\\Routing\\ControllerDispatcher->dispatch(Object(Illuminate\\Routing\\Route), Object(App\\Http\\Controllers\\CorreusController), 'send')
#16 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Routing\\Route.php(205): Illuminate\\Routing\\Route->runController()
#17 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Routing\\Router.php(721): Illuminate\\Routing\\Route->run()
#18 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Pipeline\\Pipeline.php(128): Illuminate\\Routing\\Router->Illuminate\\Routing\\{closure}(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request))
#19 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\inertiajs\\inertia-laravel\\src\\Middleware.php(82): Illuminate\\Pipeline\\Pipeline->Illuminate\\Pipeline\\{closure}(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request))
#20 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Pipeline\\Pipeline.php(167): Inertia\\Middleware->handle(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request), Object(Closure))
#21 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Routing\\Middleware\\SubstituteBindings.php(50): Illuminate\\Pipeline\\Pipeline->Illuminate\\Pipeline\\{closure}(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request))
#22 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Pipeline\\Pipeline.php(167): Illuminate\\Routing\\Middleware\\SubstituteBindings->handle(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request), Object(Closure))
#23 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Auth\\Middleware\\Authenticate.php(44): Illuminate\\Pipeline\\Pipeline->Illuminate\\Pipeline\\{closure}(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request))
#24 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Pipeline\\Pipeline.php(167): Illuminate\\Auth\\Middleware\\Authenticate->handle(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request), Object(Closure))
#25 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Foundation\\Http\\Middleware\\VerifyCsrfToken.php(78): Illuminate\\Pipeline\\Pipeline->Illuminate\\Pipeline\\{closure}(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request))
#26 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Pipeline\\Pipeline.php(167): Illuminate\\Foundation\\Http\\Middleware\\VerifyCsrfToken->handle(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request), Object(Closure))
#27 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\View\\Middleware\\ShareErrorsFromSession.php(49): Illuminate\\Pipeline\\Pipeline->Illuminate\\Pipeline\\{closure}(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request))
#28 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Pipeline\\Pipeline.php(167): Illuminate\\View\\Middleware\\ShareErrorsFromSession->handle(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request), Object(Closure))
#29 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Session\\Middleware\\StartSession.php(121): Illuminate\\Pipeline\\Pipeline->Illuminate\\Pipeline\\{closure}(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request))
#30 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Session\\Middleware\\StartSession.php(64): Illuminate\\Session\\Middleware\\StartSession->handleStatefulRequest(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\Session\\Store), Object(Closure))
#31 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Pipeline\\Pipeline.php(167): Illuminate\\Session\\Middleware\\StartSession->handle(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request), Object(Closure))
#32 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Cookie\\Middleware\\AddQueuedCookiesToResponse.php(37): Illuminate\\Pipeline\\Pipeline->Illuminate\\Pipeline\\{closure}(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request))
#33 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Pipeline\\Pipeline.php(167): Illuminate\\Cookie\\Middleware\\AddQueuedCookiesToResponse->handle(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request), Object(Closure))
#34 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Cookie\\Middleware\\EncryptCookies.php(67): Illuminate\\Pipeline\\Pipeline->Illuminate\\Pipeline\\{closure}(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request))
#35 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Pipeline\\Pipeline.php(167): Illuminate\\Cookie\\Middleware\\EncryptCookies->handle(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request), Object(Closure))
#36 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Pipeline\\Pipeline.php(103): Illuminate\\Pipeline\\Pipeline->Illuminate\\Pipeline\\{closure}(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request))
#37 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Routing\\Router.php(723): Illuminate\\Pipeline\\Pipeline->then(Object(Closure))
#38 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Routing\\Router.php(698): Illuminate\\Routing\\Router->runRouteWithinStack(Object(Illuminate\\Routing\\Route), Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request))
#39 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Routing\\Router.php(662): Illuminate\\Routing\\Router->runRoute(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\Routing\\Route))
#40 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Routing\\Router.php(651): Illuminate\\Routing\\Router->dispatchToRoute(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request))
#41 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Foundation\\Http\\Kernel.php(167): Illuminate\\Routing\\Router->dispatch(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request))
#42 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Pipeline\\Pipeline.php(128): Illuminate\\Foundation\\Http\\Kernel->Illuminate\\Foundation\\Http\\{closure}(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request))
#43 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Foundation\\Http\\Middleware\\TransformsRequest.php(21): Illuminate\\Pipeline\\Pipeline->Illuminate\\Pipeline\\{closure}(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request))
#44 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Foundation\\Http\\Middleware\\ConvertEmptyStringsToNull.php(31): Illuminate\\Foundation\\Http\\Middleware\\TransformsRequest->handle(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request), Object(Closure))
#45 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Pipeline\\Pipeline.php(167): Illuminate\\Foundation\\Http\\Middleware\\ConvertEmptyStringsToNull->handle(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request), Object(Closure))
#46 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Foundation\\Http\\Middleware\\TransformsRequest.php(21): Illuminate\\Pipeline\\Pipeline->Illuminate\\Pipeline\\{closure}(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request))
#47 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Foundation\\Http\\Middleware\\TrimStrings.php(40): Illuminate\\Foundation\\Http\\Middleware\\TransformsRequest->handle(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request), Object(Closure))
#48 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Pipeline\\Pipeline.php(167): Illuminate\\Foundation\\Http\\Middleware\\TrimStrings->handle(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request), Object(Closure))
#49 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Foundation\\Http\\Middleware\\ValidatePostSize.php(27): Illuminate\\Pipeline\\Pipeline->Illuminate\\Pipeline\\{closure}(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request))
#50 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Pipeline\\Pipeline.php(167): Illuminate\\Foundation\\Http\\Middleware\\ValidatePostSize->handle(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request), Object(Closure))
#51 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Foundation\\Http\\Middleware\\PreventRequestsDuringMaintenance.php(86): Illuminate\\Pipeline\\Pipeline->Illuminate\\Pipeline\\{closure}(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request))
#52 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Pipeline\\Pipeline.php(167): Illuminate\\Foundation\\Http\\Middleware\\PreventRequestsDuringMaintenance->handle(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request), Object(Closure))
#53 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\fruitcake\\laravel-cors\\src\\HandleCors.php(38): Illuminate\\Pipeline\\Pipeline->Illuminate\\Pipeline\\{closure}(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request))
#54 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Pipeline\\Pipeline.php(167): Fruitcake\\Cors\\HandleCors->handle(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request), Object(Closure))
#55 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\fideloper\\proxy\\src\\TrustProxies.php(57): Illuminate\\Pipeline\\Pipeline->Illuminate\\Pipeline\\{closure}(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request))
#56 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Pipeline\\Pipeline.php(167): Fideloper\\Proxy\\TrustProxies->handle(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request), Object(Closure))
#57 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Pipeline\\Pipeline.php(103): Illuminate\\Pipeline\\Pipeline->Illuminate\\Pipeline\\{closure}(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request))
#58 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Foundation\\Http\\Kernel.php(142): Illuminate\\Pipeline\\Pipeline->then(Object(Closure))
#59 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\vendor\\laravel\\framework\\src\\Illuminate\\Foundation\\Http\\Kernel.php(111): Illuminate\\Foundation\\Http\\Kernel->sendRequestThroughRouter(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request))
#60 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\public\\index.php(52): Illuminate\\Foundation\\Http\\Kernel->handle(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request))
#61 C:\\xampp\\htdocs\\ComApp\\server.php(21): require_once('C:\\\\xampp\\\\htdocs...')
#62 {main}

郵件.php

'mailers' => [
    'smtp' => [
        'transport' => 'smtp',
        'host' => env('MAIL_HOST', 'smtp.google.com'),
        'port' => env('MAIL_PORT', 587),
        'encryption' => env('MAIL_ENCRYPTION', 'tls'),
        'username' => env('MAIL_USERNAME'),
        'password' => env('MAIL_PASSWORD'),
        'timeout' => null,
        'auth_mode' => null,
        'pretend' => false
    ],

    'ses' => [
        'transport' => 'ses',
    ],

    'mailgun' => [
        'transport' => 'mailgun',
    ],

    'postmark' => [
        'transport' => 'postmark',
    ],

    'sendmail' => [
        'transport' => 'sendmail',
        'path' => '/usr/sbin/sendmail -bs',
    ],

    'log' => [
        'transport' => 'log',
        'channel' => env('MAIL_LOG_CHANNEL'),
    ],

    'array' => [
        'transport' => 'array',
    ],
],

'from' => [
    'address' => env('MAIL_FROM_ADDRESS', 'secret@gmail.com'),
    'name' => env('MAIL_FROM_NAME', 'secret'),
],

'reply_to' => ['address' => 'secret@gmail.com', 'name' => 'secret'],

'markdown' => [
    'theme' => 'default',

    'paths' => [
        resource_path('views/vendor/mail'),
    ],
],

.env

MAIL_DRIVER=smtp
MAIL_MAILER=sendmail
MAIL_HOST=smtp.google.com
MAIL_PORT=587
MAIL_USERNAME=secret@gmail.com
MAIL_PASSWORD=secret
MAIL_ENCRYPTION=tls
MAIL_FROM_ADDRESS=secret@gmail.com

MAIL_PASSWORD 是在 gmail 中生成的應用密碼。

我正在使用控制器發送郵件：

public function send(Comunitat $comunitat){
    Mail::to('secret@gmail.com')->send(new CorreuAppComp($comunitat));
    return Redirect::route('comunitats')->with('success', 'Correu enviat');

}

我已經嘗試了一些來自 stackoverflow 的解決方案，但我得到了不同的錯誤。 歡迎任何幫助。 謝謝。

Answer 1

使用 Laravel 6，我可以像這樣發送郵件

.env

MAIL_DRIVER=smtp 
MAIL_HOST=smtp.gmail.com 
MAIL_PORT=587 
MAIL_USERNAME=youruser@gmail.com 
MAIL_PASSWORD=yourpassword 
MAIL_ENCRYPTION=tls
MAIL_FROM_NAME=yourname

請注意您使用“ smtp.google.com ”而不是“ smtp.gmail.com ”，而且我認為您必須在您的 gmail 設置中設置“為所有郵件啟用 POP ”

控制器

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Mail;

    Mail::html($body, function ($message) use ($email_to) {
        $message
            ->to($email_to)
            ->subject($subject);
    });

郵件.php

默認

請注意，我不使用應用程序密碼，但帳戶密碼因為我使用的 gmail 帳戶專用於應用程序。