返回錯誤：VM Exception while processing transaction: revert only owner can call this function

Question

我正在嘗試使用“松露測試”測試此合同，但它顯示以下錯誤：錯誤：返回錯誤：處理事務時的 VM 異常：還原只有所有者可以調用此 function - - 給出的原因：只有所有者可以調用此 function。

問題 打開 test 文件夾中的 TestGaming.sol 合約。 為 function 提取資金編寫一個測試。 您的測試應該檢查調用withdrawFunds function 的所有者的余額。 您的測試還應該驗證所有者的余額是否增加了 10 以太幣。

游戲.sol

pragma solidity ^0.5.0;

contract Gaming {
    /* Our Online gaming contract */
    address public owner;
    bool public online;

    struct Player {
        uint wins;
        uint losses;
    }

    mapping (address => Player) public players;

    constructor() public payable {
        owner = msg.sender;
        online = true;
    }

    modifier isOwner() {
        require(msg.sender == owner, "Only owner can call this function");
        _;
    }

event GameFunded(address funder, uint amount);
    event PlayerWon(address player, uint amount, uint mysteryNumber, uint displayedNumber);
    event PlayerLost(address player, uint amount, uint mysteryNumber, uint displayedNumber);

    function mysteryNumber() internal view returns (uint) {
        uint randomNumber = uint(blockhash(block.number-1))%10 + 1;
        return randomNumber;
    }

    function determineWinner(uint number, uint display, bool guess) public pure returns (bool) {
        if (guess == true && number > display) {
            return true;
        } else if (guess == true && number < display) {
            return false;
        } else if (guess == false && number > display) {
            return false;
        } else if (guess == false && number < display) {
            return true;
        }
    }

    function winOrLose(uint display, bool guess) external payable returns (bool, uint) {
        /* Use true for a higher guess, false for a lower guess */
        require(online == true, "The game is online");
        require(msg.sender.balance > msg.value, "Insufficient funds");
        uint mysteryNumber_ = mysteryNumber();
        bool isWinner = determineWinner(mysteryNumber_, display, guess);
        Player storage player = players[msg.sender];
        /* Player Won */
        if (isWinner == true) {
            player.wins += 1;
            msg.sender.transfer(msg.value * 2);
            emit PlayerWon(msg.sender, msg.value, mysteryNumber_, display);
            return (true, mysteryNumber_);
          /* Player Lost */
        } else if (isWinner == false) {
            player.losses += 1;
            emit PlayerLost(msg.sender, msg.value, mysteryNumber_, display);
            return (false, mysteryNumber_);
        }
    }
}

測試游戲.sol

pragma solidity ^0.5.0;

import "truffle/Assert.sol";
import "truffle/DeployedAddresses.sol";
import "../contracts/Gaming.sol";

contract TestGaming {
    uint public initialBalance = 10 ether;
    Gaming gaming;
    address owner;

    function beforeAll() public {
        gaming = Gaming(DeployedAddresses.Gaming());
        owner = gaming.owner();

    }

    function testWithdrawFunds() public {
        uint ownerBalanceBefore = owner.balance;
        gaming.withdrawFunds();
        uint ownerBalanceAfter = owner.balance;

        Assert.equal (initialBalance, ownerBalanceAfter - ownerBalanceBefore, "The owner's balance should have increased by 10 ether");
}
function testPlayerWonGuessHigher() public {
        bool expected = true;
        bool result = gaming.determineWinner(5, 4, true);

        Assert.equal(expected, result, "The player should have won by guessing the mystery number was higher than their number");
    }

    function testPlayerWonGuessLower() public {
        bool expected = true;
        bool result = gaming.determineWinner(5, 6, false);

        Assert.equal(expected, result, "The player should have won by guessing the mystery number was lower than their number");
    }

    function testPlayerLostGuessLower() public {
        bool expected = false;
        bool result = gaming.determineWinner(5, 4, false);

        Assert.equal(expected, result, "The player should have lost by guessing the mystery number was lower than their number");
    }

    function testPlayerLostGuessHigher() public {
        bool expected = false;
        bool result = gaming.determineWinner(5, 6, true);

        Assert.equal(expected, result, "The player should have lost by guessing the mystery number was higher than their number");
    }
}

錯誤

Answer 1

問題是您正在通過另一個合同測試您的合同。 由於 function withdraw要求調用者是合約的owner ，即合約的部署者，因此由於TestGaming.sol正在調用 function，因此檢查失敗； TestGaming.sol不是Gaming合約的部署者。

您必須從TestGaming合約內部實例化Gaming合約。

pragma solidity ^0.5.0;

import "truffle/Assert.sol";
import "truffle/DeployedAddresses.sol";
import "../contracts/Gaming.sol";

contract TestGaming {
    uint public initialBalance = 10 ether;
    Gaming gaming;
    address owner;

    function beforeAll() public {
    //---Instead of grabbing Gaming address, deploy it fresh for the test
        gaming = new Gaming();
        owner = gaming.owner();

    }

    function testWithdrawFunds() public {
        uint ownerBalanceBefore = owner.balance;
        gaming.withdrawFunds();
        uint ownerBalanceAfter = owner.balance;

        Assert.equal (initialBalance, ownerBalanceAfter - ownerBalanceBefore, "The owner's balance should have increased by 10 ether");
}

.
.
.

}

這樣， TestGaming將成為Gaming的部署者和owner ，測試將通過。