如何修復 pygame 中的暫停 function？

Question

我最近剛看完 pygame 的教程/介紹，我正在嘗試對其進行一些更改，其中之一是暫停 function，除了一些問題之外，我已經開始工作了，例如當我跳轉時它會設置得分為零，當我在暫停屏幕時它仍然增加分數，我嘗試修復這兩個問題並尋找其他類似的東西，但似乎無法修復它。

這是代碼：

import pygame
from sys import exit
from random import randint, choice


class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        player_walk_1 = pygame.image.load('C:/Users/user/Documents/Dragon_Runner/graphics/Player/player_walk_1.png').convert_alpha()
        player_walk_2 = pygame.image.load('C:/Users/user/Documents/Dragon_Runner/graphics/Player/player_walk_2.png').convert_alpha()
        self.player_walk = [player_walk_1, player_walk_2]
        self.player_index = 0
        self.player_jump = pygame.image.load('C:/Users/user/Documents/Dragon_Runner/graphics/Player/jump.png').convert_alpha()

        self.image = self.player_walk[self.player_index]
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect(midbottom=(80, 300))
        self.gravity = 0

        self.jump_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound('C:/Users/user/Documents/Dragon_Runner/audio/jump.mp3')
        self.jump_sound.set_volume(0.5)

    def player_input(self):
        keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
        if keys[pygame.K_SPACE] and self.rect.bottom >= 300:
            self.gravity = -22
            self.jump_sound.play()

    def apply_gravity(self):
        self.gravity += 1
        self.rect.y += self.gravity
        if self.rect.bottom >= 300:
            self.rect.bottom = 300

    def animation(self):
        if self.rect.bottom < 300:
            self.image = self.player_jump
        else:
            self.player_index += 0.060
            if self.player_index >= len(self.player_walk): self.player_index = 0
            self.image = self.player_walk[int(self.player_index)]

    def update(self):
        self.player_input()
        self.apply_gravity()
        self.animation()


class Obstacle(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self, type):
        super().__init__()

        if type == 'snail':
            snail_1 = pygame.image.load('C:/Users/user/Documents/Dragon_Runner/graphics/snail/snail1.png').convert_alpha()
            snail_2 = pygame.image.load('C:/Users/user/Documents/Dragon_Runner/graphics/snail/snail2.png').convert_alpha()
            self.frames = [snail_1, snail_2]
            y_pos = 300

        else:
            dragon_1 = pygame.image.load('C:/Users/user/Documents/Dragon_Runner/Green Dragon1.png').convert_alpha()
            dragon_2 = pygame.image.load('C:/Users/user/Documents/Dragon_Runner/Green Dragon2.png').convert_alpha()
            dragon_3 = pygame.image.load('C:/Users/user/Documents/Dragon_Runner/Green Dragon3.png').convert_alpha()
            self.frames = [dragon_1, dragon_2, dragon_3]
            y_pos = 190

        self.animation_index = 0
        self.image = self.frames[self.animation_index]
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect(midbottom=(randint(900, 1100), y_pos))

    def animation(self):
        self.animation_index += 0.1
        if self.animation_index >= len(self.frames):
            self.animation_index = 0
        self.image = self.frames[int(self.animation_index)]

    def update(self):
        self.animation()
        self.rect.x -= 7
        self.destroy()

    def destroy(self):
        if self.rect.x <= -100:
            self.kill()


def display_score():
    current_time = int(pygame.time.get_ticks() / 1000) - start_time
    score_surf = font1.render(f'Score: {current_time}', False, 'black')
    score_rect = score_surf.get_rect(center=(400, 50))
    screen.blit(score_surf, score_rect)
    return current_time


def collision_sprite():
    if pygame.sprite.spritecollide(player.sprite, obstacle_group, False):
        obstacle_group.empty()
        return False
    else:
        return True


pygame.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((800, 400))
pygame.display.set_caption('Dragon Runner')
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
font1 = pygame.font.Font('C:/Users/user/Documents/Dragon_Runner/font/Pixeltype.ttf', 50)
game_active = False
paused = False
start_time = 0
score = 0
bg_music = pygame.mixer.Sound('C:/Users/user/Documents/Dragon_Runner/audio/music.wav')
bg_music.set_volume(0.2)
bg_music.play(loops=-1)

player = pygame.sprite.GroupSingle()
player.add(Player())

obstacle_group = pygame.sprite.Group()

sky_surface = pygame.image.load('C:/Users/user/Documents/Dragon_Runner/graphics/Sky.png').convert()
ground_surface = pygame.image.load('C:/Users/user/Documents/Dragon_Runner/graphics/ground.png').convert()

player_stand = pygame.image.load('C:/Users/user/Documents/Dragon_Runner/graphics/player/player_stand.png').convert_alpha()
player_stand = pygame.transform.rotozoom(player_stand, 0, 2)
player_stand_rect = player_stand.get_rect(center=(400, 200))

game_name = font1.render('Dragon Runner', False, (11, 196, 169))
game_name_rect = game_name.get_rect(center=(400, 80))

game_message = font1.render('Press space to run', False, (11, 196, 169))
game_message_rect = game_message.get_rect(center=(400, 330))

obstacle_timer = pygame.USEREVENT + 1
pygame.time.set_timer(obstacle_timer, 1500)

while True:
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            pygame.quit()
            exit()

        else:
            if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
                game_active = True
                start_time = int(pygame.time.get_ticks() / 1000)

        if game_active and not paused:
            if event.type == obstacle_timer:
                obstacle_group.add(Obstacle(choice(['fly', 'snail', 'snail', 'snail'])))

            if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE:
                paused = True

        if paused:
            if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == pygame.K_c:
                paused = False

    if game_active and not paused:
        screen.blit(sky_surface, (0, 0))
        screen.blit(ground_surface, (0, 300))
        score = display_score()

        player.draw(screen)
        player.update()

        obstacle_group.draw(screen)
        obstacle_group.update()

        game_active = collision_sprite()

    if not game_active:
        screen.fill((94, 129, 162))
        screen.blit(player_stand, player_stand_rect)

        score_message = font1.render(f'Your score: {score}', False, (11, 196, 169))
        score_message_rect = score_message.get_rect(center = (400, 330))
        screen.blit(game_name, game_name_rect)

        if score == 0:
            screen.blit(game_message, game_message_rect)
        else:
            screen.blit(score_message, score_message_rect)

    if paused:
        screen.fill((94, 129, 162))
        screen.blit(player_stand, player_stand_rect)

        pause_message = font1.render('GAME PAUSED', False, (11, 196, 169))
        pause_message_rect = pause_message.get_rect(center = (400, 80))

        unpause_message = font1.render("Press 'c' to continue", False, (11, 196, 169))
        unpause_message_rect = unpause_message.get_rect(center = (400, 330))

        screen.blit(pause_message, pause_message_rect)
        screen.blit(unpause_message, unpause_message_rect)

    pygame.display.update()
    clock.tick(60)

Answer 1

您需要從分數中減去暫停時間，您可以創建一個變量來存儲累積的暫停時間，如下所示：

定義一個新變量paused_total_time ：

start_time = 0
paused_total_time = 0
score = 0

當游戲暫停時，您啟動暫停計時器：

            if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE:
                paused = True
                pause_start_time = int(pygame.time.get_ticks() / 1000)

當游戲繼續時，您將暫停時間添加到paused_total_time ：

        if paused:
            if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == pygame.K_c:
                paused = False
                paused_total_time = paused_total_time + (int(pygame.time.get_ticks() / 1000) - pause_start_time)

最后在display_score()中，您可以用暫停時間減去current_time 。

def display_score():
    current_time = int(pygame.time.get_ticks() / 1000) - start_time - paused_total_time
    score_surf = font1.render(f'Score: {current_time}', False, 'black')
    score_rect = score_surf.get_rect(center=(400, 50))
    screen.blit(score_surf, score_rect)
    return current_time