檢查按鈕在 tkinter python - Tkinter 中不起作用，檢查按鈕，Z23EEEB4347BDD26BZFC6B7EE9A3B755DD

Question

我使用 tkinter 作為接口來更新 dataframe。 我不想使用 treeview 因為我更喜歡使用網格。 如果您切換檢查按鈕，它會相應地更改其值（0 - 未選中，1 - 選中）為了獲得 df 的值，我使用與 df 中的 position 對應的每個檢查按鈕的變量 ex：var02 是df.iloc[0,2]但是由於某種原因，按鈕column = AG和rows = 11,21,31不起作用，它們只有在我單獨創建它們時才起作用，而不是在 for 循環中。 我無法理解按鈕column = AG和rows = 11,21,31的問題是什么，以及為什么我在循環中創建它們時無法獲取值。

# update values in the df with saved variables
def update_vals():
    for i in range(0,len(df.columns)):
        for j in range(0,len(df.index)):
            if pd.isna(df.iloc[j,i]) == False:  
                var = f"""df.iloc[j,i] = var{j}{i}.get()"""
                exec(var)
               
                
#select all                
def select_all():
    for i in variables:
        var=f"{i}.set(value=1)"
        exec(var)
    
def deselect_all():
    for i in variables:
        var=f"{i}.set(value=0)"
        exec(var)

#create test df
df = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randint(0,1,size=(33, 20)), columns=list('ABCDEFGHIGKLMPOPQRST'))
cols = df.columns 
variables = []

#open window
top = Tk()  

#create columns and index in the grid
for i in range(0,len(df.columns)):
    tk.Label(top, text = df.columns[i]).grid(row = 0, column = i+1)
for i in range(0,len(df.index)):
    tk.Label(top, text = i).grid(row = i+1, column = 0)

#create checkbuttons in the grid and assign values to checkbutton variables
for i in range(0,len(df.columns)):
    for j in range(0,len(df.index)):
        if pd.isna(df.iloc[j,i]) == False:
            #var_str =f"global var{j}{i}"
            #exec(var_str)
            
            var_str=f"var{j}{i}=tk.IntVar(top)"
            exec(var_str)
            
            variables.append(f"var{j}{i}")
            
            var_str=f"""Checkbutton(top, variable=var{j}{i}, onvalue = 1).grid(row = {j+1}, column = {i+1})"""
            exec(var_str)
           
        
tk.Button(top, text="Update all", state=NORMAL, command=update_vals,bg="#C2CDD1").grid(column = 40, row = 32, sticky="ew")
tk.Button(top, text="Select all", state=NORMAL, command=select_all,bg="#C2CDD1").grid(column = 40, row = 5, sticky="ew")
tk.Button(top, text="Deselect all", state=NORMAL, command=deselect_all,bg="#C2CDD1").grid(column = 40, row = 6, sticky="ew")

top.mainloop()

Answer 1

錯誤來自某些變量名稱相同的事實。 在您的示例中： var112可以是與第一行第 12 列關聯的變量，但它也是第 11 行第 2 列。

通常，像您這樣創建變量是非常糟糕的做法。 （也使用 exec 會使您的代碼不安全且更難調試）。 您應該將變量放在適當的結構中。 以 numpy 陣列為例：

import pandas as pd
import tkinter as tk
import numpy as np

# update values in the df with saved variables
def update_vals():
    for i in range(0,len(df.columns)):
        for j in range(0,len(df.index)):
            if pd.isna(df.iloc[j,i]) == False:  
                df.iloc[j,i] = variables[j][i].get()
                           
#select all                
def select_all():
    for row in variables:
        for el in row:
            el.set(value=1)
    
def deselect_all():
    for row in variables:
        for el in row:
            el.set(value=0)

#create test df
df = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randint(0,1,size=(33, 20)), columns=list('ABCDEFGHIGKLMPOPQRST'))
cols = df.columns 

#open window
top = tk.Tk()  

variables = np.array([[tk.IntVar(top)]*len(df.columns)]*len(df.index))

#create columns and index in the grid
for i in range(0,len(df.columns)):
    tk.Label(top, text = df.columns[i]).grid(row = 0, column = i+1)
for i in range(0,len(df.index)):
    tk.Label(top, text = i).grid(row = i+1, column = 0)

#create checkbuttons in the grid and assign values to checkbutton variables
for i in range(0,len(df.columns)):
    for j in range(0,len(df.index)):
        if pd.isna(df.iloc[j,i]) == False:  
            tk.Checkbutton(top, variable=variables[j, i], onvalue = 1).grid(row = j+1, column = i+1)
 
tk.Button(top, text="Update all", state="normal", command=update_vals,bg="#C2CDD1").grid(column = 40, row = 32, sticky="ew")
tk.Button(top, text="Select all", state="normal", command=select_all,bg="#C2CDD1").grid(column = 40, row = 5, sticky="ew")
tk.Button(top, text="Deselect all", state="normal", command=deselect_all,bg="#C2CDD1").grid(column = 40, row = 6, sticky="ew")

top.mainloop()