原型 inheritance javascript

Question

我在使用構造函數 function 在 JavaScript 中實現原型 inheritance 時遇到錯誤。

我正在嘗試像這樣實現自定義（用戶定義）原型鏈 -

function Human() {
  this.species = "Homo Sapiens";
}

Human.prototype.run = function () {
  console.log("Running...");
};

function Person(gender, age, name) {
  Human.call(this);

  this.name = name;
  this.gender = gender;
  this.age = age;
}

Person.prototype.printAge = function() {
    console.log(this.age);
}
Person.prototype.printGender = function() {
    console.log(this.gender);
}

function Employee(gender, age, name, dept, salary) {
  Person.call(this, gender, age, name);

  this.department = dept;
  this.salary = salary;
}

Person.prototype = Object.create(Human.prototype);
Person.prototype.constructor = Person;

Employee.prototype = Object.create(Person.prototype);
Employee.prototype.constructor = Employee;

const employee = new Employee("female", 28, "Radha", "Manager", 50000);
employee.run();
employee.printAge();

 Uncaught TypeError: employee.printAge is not a function 

Answer 1

請參閱mdn 文檔以了解為什么它不起作用

更好的使用：

Object.setPrototypeOf(
  Derived.prototype,
  Base.prototype,
);

 function Human() { this.species = "Homo Sapiens"; } Human.prototype.run = function () { console.log("Running..."); }; function Person(gender, age, name) { Human.call(this); this.empname = name; this.gender = gender; this.age = age; } Person.prototype.printAge = function() { console.log(this.age); } Person.prototype.printGender = function() { console.log(this.gender); } function Employee(gender, age, name, dept, salary) { Person.call(this, gender, age, name); this.department = dept; this.salary = salary; } Object.setPrototypeOf( Person.prototype, Human.prototype, ); Object.setPrototypeOf( Employee.prototype, Person.prototype, ); const employee = new Employee("female", 28, "Radha", "Manager", 50000); employee.run(); employee.printAge();