如何使用 ggplot2 在直方圖中 plot 變量的份額

Question

我試過查看舊線程沒有成功。 我正在嘗試 plot 直方圖中不同議會會議中男性立法者的份額。

這是我的代碼，它有效，但顯示了立法者的數量（不是份額）。 我怎樣才能 plot 共享？ 謝謝！

    mergedf %>%
ggplot( aes(x = session, fill = factor(sex))) +
    geom_histogram (binwidth = 0.5)+
theme_minimal()+
  theme(legend.position ="bottom")+
  labs(title = "Share of male legislators by session", x= "Session", y = "Share of legislators", 
       fill ="sex")

編輯：我通過這張表獲得了立法者的份額，但我不知道如何將它整合到直方圖中。

mergedf %>% 
  tabyl (session, sex) %>% 
  adorn_percentages() %>% 
  adorn_pct_formatting ()

Answer 1

一種選擇是使用一些dplyr動詞來計算計數和百分比，然后可以通過geom_col顯示為條形圖（直方圖是不同的），如下所示：

mergedf <- data.frame(
  sessions = c( 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 2, 3, 4, 2),
  sex = c ("female", "female", "female", "male", "female", "female", "female", "male", "male")
)

library(dplyr)
library(ggplot2)

mergedf %>%
  group_by(sessions, sex) %>% 
  summarise(n = n()) %>%
  mutate(pct = n / sum(n)) %>%
  ggplot( aes(x = factor(sessions), y = pct, fill = sex)) +
  geom_col(width = .6)+
  theme_minimal()+
  theme(legend.position ="bottom")+
  labs(title = "Share of male legislators by session", x= "Session", y = "Share of legislators", 
       fill ="sex")
#> `summarise()` has grouped output by 'sessions'. You can override using the
#> `.groups` argument.

Answer 2

您只需在geom_histogram參數中指定position="fill" ：

library(ggplot2)
mergedf <- data.frame(
  session = c( 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 2, 3, 4, 2),
  sex = c ("female", "female", "female", "male", "female", "female", "female", "male", "male")
)

ggplot(mergedf, aes(x = session, fill = factor(sex))) +
  geom_histogram (binwidth = 0.5, position = "fill") +  # <- HERE
  theme_minimal() +
  theme(legend.position ="bottom") +
  labs(title = "Share of male legislators by session", 
       x= "Session", y = "Share of legislators", fill ="sex")

從技術上講，您並沒有真正構建直方圖（計數的合並分布），而是條形圖，因此您也可以使用geom_bar ，格式相同：

ggplot(mergedf, aes(x = session, fill = factor(sex))) +
  geom_bar(position="fill") +
  theme_minimal () +
  theme(legend.position ="bottom") +
  labs(title = "Share of male legislators by session", 
       x= "Session", y = "Share of legislators", fill ="sex")