Android API 33個權限未授予

Question

因此，正如我在 developer.android 網站上看到的那樣，Android 13 在權限字段中帶來了新的變化。

我有一個聊天應用程序，我需要在其中撥打電話、打開相機、錄制音頻、讀取和寫入外部存儲。 因此，在 SplashScreen 中，我向用戶請求這些權限。 但是，其中一些未被授予，甚至系統也沒有要求我提供這些。

這是我在 manifest.xml 文件中聲明的內容

<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools">

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="com.google.android.c2dm.permission.RECEIVE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.VIBRATE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.USE_FULL_SCREEN_INTENT" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MODIFY_AUDIO_SETTINGS" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WAKE_LOCK" />
    <uses-permission android:name="com.google.android.gms.permission.AD_ID"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.POST_NOTIFICATIONS"/>

    <uses-feature
        android:name="android.hardware.camera"
        android:required="true" />
    <uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera.autofocus" />
    <uses-feature
        android:glEsVersion="0x00020000"
        android:required="true" />

    <application
        android:name=".ChatApplication"
        android:allowBackup="false"
        android:dataExtractionRules="@xml/data_extraction_rules"
        android:fullBackupContent="false"
        android:hardwareAccelerated="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/logo"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:largeHeap="true"
        android:networkSecurityConfig="@xml/network_security_config"
        android:requestLegacyExternalStorage="true"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/logo"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme"
        tools:ignore="AllowBackup,GoogleAppIndexingWarning,UnusedAttribute"
        tools:replace="android:allowBackup, android:label">

這是我在 Splashscreen 活動中的內容

class SplashActivity : BaseActivity() {

    private val splashViewModel: SplashViewModel by viewModels()

    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_splash)

        if (!hasPermissions(this, *REQUIRED_PERMISSIONS))
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, REQUIRED_PERMISSIONS, ALL_PERMISSIONS)
        else
            Handler(Looper.getMainLooper()).postDelayed ({ startUi() }, 1000)
    }

    private fun hasPermissions(context: Context, vararg permissions: String): Boolean =
        permissions.all {
            ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, it) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
        }

    private fun startUi() {
        // navigate to main application
    }

    private fun finishActivity() {
        toast("You must grant all required permissions to continue")
        finish()
    }

    override fun onRequestPermissionsResult(
        requestCode: Int,
        permissions: Array<out String>,
        grantResults: IntArray
    ) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults)
        when (requestCode) {
            ALL_PERMISSIONS -> {
                if (grantResults.all { it == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED }) startUi()
                else finishActivity()
            }
        }
    }

    companion object {
        const val ALL_PERMISSIONS = 10
        private val REQUIRED_PERMISSIONS =
            mutableListOf (
                Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE,
                Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO,
                Manifest.permission.CAMERA
            ).apply {
                if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU) {
                    add(Manifest.permission.READ_MEDIA_IMAGES)
                    add(Manifest.permission.READ_MEDIA_VIDEO)
                    add(Manifest.permission.READ_MEDIA_AUDIO)
                    add(Manifest.permission.POST_NOTIFICATIONS)
                } else if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.Q)
                    add(Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)
            }.toTypedArray()
    }
}

當我將斷點放在onRequestPermissionsResult上時，我看到了這個

我在屏幕上看到的權限提示是針對相機、錄制音頻和電話 State 的。在這些之后，應用程序通過調用finishActivity()退出

我在 Pixel 6 Pro 中運行該應用程序 API 33 模擬器 執行此操作的正確方法是什么？ 我該如何解決？

Answer 1

根據日志，可能是您缺少 3 個權限，這些是

 - READ_MEDIA_IMAGES
 - READ_MEDIA_VIDEO
 - READ_MEDIA_AUDIO

在清單中添加這 3 個權限

 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_MEDIA_IMAGES" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_MEDIA_VIDEO" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_MEDIA_AUDIO" />

獲得以上三個權限只需要外部存儲權限。 在下面鏈接的 android 文檔中，僅提供了這三個權限READ_MEDIA_IMAGES 、 READ_MEDIA_VIDEO 、 READ_MEDIA_AUDIO ，而不是使用READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE 。
鏈接： https://developer.android.com/about/versions/13/behavior-changes-13#granular-media-permissions

Answer 2

Android 13、不需要請求權限

這是我傳遞權限的代碼示例

在 Mainfests.xml 添加

 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_MEDIA_IMAGES" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_MEDIA_AUDIO" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_MEDIA_VIDEO" />


<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"
      tools:ignore="ScopedStorage" />

然后在你的 class 或 activite 添加：

public static String[] storge_permissions = {
        Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
        Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
};

@RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU)
public static String[] storge_permissions_33 = {
        Manifest.permission.READ_MEDIA_IMAGES,
        Manifest.permission.READ_MEDIA_AUDIO,
        Manifest.permission.READ_MEDIA_VIDEO
};

public static String[] permissions() {
    String[] p;
    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU) {
        p = storge_permissions_33;
    } else {
        p = storge_permissions;
    }
    return p;
}

僅在請求權限時permissions();

 ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(MainActivity.this, 
                              permissions(), 
                              1);

Answer 3

解決了。 問題是我需要將這 3 個權限添加到清單文件中。

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_MEDIA_IMAGES" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_MEDIA_VIDEO" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_MEDIA_AUDIO" />