從主機上運行的 django 連接到 docker 容器內的 postgres 數據庫

Question

我有一個在容器內運行的 postgres 數據庫，pgadmin 連接到它，docker-compose.yml 如下：

postgres:
  image: postgres:13.0-alpine
  volumes:
    - postgres:/var/lib/postgresql/data
  ports:
    - "5432:5432"
  env_file:
    - $ENV_FILE

pgadmin:
  image: dpage/pgadmin4
  volumes:
    - pgadmin:/var/lib/pgadmin
  ports:
    - "${PGADMIN_PORT:-5050}:80"
  restart: unless-stopped
  depends_on:
    - postgres
  env_file:
    - $ENV_FILE

我的 django 數據庫設置是：

DATABASES = {
    "default": {
        "ENGINE": os.environ.get("POSTGRES_ENGINE", "django.db.backends.postgresql"),
        "NAME": os.environ.get("POSTGRES_NAME", "postgres"),
        "USER": os.environ.get("POSTGRES_USER", "admin"),
        "PASSWORD": os.environ.get("POSTGRES_PASS", "admin"),
        "HOST": os.environ.get("POSTGRES_HOST", "127.0.0.1"),
        "PORT": os.environ.get("POSTGRES_PORT", "5432"),
    }
}

追溯是：

    Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\liam.obrien\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\threading.py", line 1009, in _bootstrap_inner
    self.run()
  File "C:\Users\liam.obrien\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\threading.py", line 946, in run
    self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\liam.obrien\AppData\Local\pypoetry\Cache\virtualenvs\tdd-framework-FOYpVOaj-py3.10\lib\site-packages\django\utils\autoreload.py", line 64, in wrapper
    fn(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\liam.obrien\AppData\Local\pypoetry\Cache\virtualenvs\tdd-framework-FOYpVOaj-py3.10\lib\site-packages\channels\management\commands\runserver.py", line 76, in inner_run
    self.check_migrations()
  File "C:\Users\liam.obrien\AppData\Local\pypoetry\Cache\virtualenvs\tdd-framework-FOYpVOaj-py3.10\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 576, in check_migrations
    executor = MigrationExecutor(connections[DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS])
  File "C:\Users\liam.obrien\AppData\Local\pypoetry\Cache\virtualenvs\tdd-framework-FOYpVOaj-py3.10\lib\site-packages\django\db\migrations\executor.py", line 18, in __init__
    self.loader = MigrationLoader(self.connection)
  File "C:\Users\liam.obrien\AppData\Local\pypoetry\Cache\virtualenvs\tdd-framework-FOYpVOaj-py3.10\lib\site-packages\django\db\migrations\loader.py", line 58, in __init__
    self.build_graph()
  File "C:\Users\liam.obrien\AppData\Local\pypoetry\Cache\virtualenvs\tdd-framework-FOYpVOaj-py3.10\lib\site-packages\django\db\migrations\loader.py", line 235, in build_graph
    self.applied_migrations = recorder.applied_migrations()
  File "C:\Users\liam.obrien\AppData\Local\pypoetry\Cache\virtualenvs\tdd-framework-FOYpVOaj-py3.10\lib\site-packages\django\db\migrations\recorder.py", line 81, in applied_migrations
    if self.has_table():
  File "C:\Users\liam.obrien\AppData\Local\pypoetry\Cache\virtualenvs\tdd-framework-FOYpVOaj-py3.10\lib\site-packages\django\db\migrations\recorder.py", line 57, in has_table
    with self.connection.cursor() as cursor:
  File "C:\Users\liam.obrien\AppData\Local\pypoetry\Cache\virtualenvs\tdd-framework-FOYpVOaj-py3.10\lib\site-packages\django\utils\asyncio.py", line 26, in inner
    return func(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\liam.obrien\AppData\Local\pypoetry\Cache\virtualenvs\tdd-framework-FOYpVOaj-py3.10\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\base\base.py", line 284, in cursor
    return self._cursor()
  File "C:\Users\liam.obrien\AppData\Local\pypoetry\Cache\virtualenvs\tdd-framework-FOYpVOaj-py3.10\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\base\base.py", line 260, in _cursor
    self.ensure_connection()
  File "C:\Users\liam.obrien\AppData\Local\pypoetry\Cache\virtualenvs\tdd-framework-FOYpVOaj-py3.10\lib\site-packages\django\utils\asyncio.py", line 26, in inner
    return func(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\liam.obrien\AppData\Local\pypoetry\Cache\virtualenvs\tdd-framework-FOYpVOaj-py3.10\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\base\base.py", line 243, in ensure_connection
    with self.wrap_database_errors:
  File "C:\Users\liam.obrien\AppData\Local\pypoetry\Cache\virtualenvs\tdd-framework-FOYpVOaj-py3.10\lib\site-packages\django\db\utils.py", line 91, in __exit__
    raise dj_exc_value.with_traceback(traceback) from exc_value
  File "C:\Users\liam.obrien\AppData\Local\pypoetry\Cache\virtualenvs\tdd-framework-FOYpVOaj-py3.10\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\base\base.py", line 244, in ensure_connection
    self.connect()
  File "C:\Users\liam.obrien\AppData\Local\pypoetry\Cache\virtualenvs\tdd-framework-FOYpVOaj-py3.10\lib\site-packages\django\utils\asyncio.py", line 26, in inner
    return func(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\liam.obrien\AppData\Local\pypoetry\Cache\virtualenvs\tdd-framework-FOYpVOaj-py3.10\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\base\base.py", line 225, in connect
    self.connection = self.get_new_connection(conn_params)
  File "C:\Users\liam.obrien\AppData\Local\pypoetry\Cache\virtualenvs\tdd-framework-FOYpVOaj-py3.10\lib\site-packages\django\utils\asyncio.py", line 26, in inner
    return func(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\liam.obrien\AppData\Local\pypoetry\Cache\virtualenvs\tdd-framework-FOYpVOaj-py3.10\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\postgresql\base.py", line 203, in get_new_connection
    connection = Database.connect(**conn_params)
  File "C:\Users\liam.obrien\AppData\Local\pypoetry\Cache\virtualenvs\tdd-framework-FOYpVOaj-py3.10\lib\site-packages\psycopg2\__init__.py", line 122, in connect
    conn = _connect(dsn, connection_factory=connection_factory, **kwasync)
django.db.utils.OperationalError: connection to server at "127.0.0.1", port 5432 failed: FATAL:  password authentication failed for user "admin"

完全不知道發生了什么，因為我的 env 文件中的密碼與我的 django 項目中的 settings.py 完全相同。

需要明確的是，我在 docker 中運行 postgres 容器，然后嘗試在主機本地運行 django 測試服務器，啟動時拋出錯誤。

Answer 1

所以對於任何發現這個的人來說，這個線程對我有很大幫助； 從外部連接到 docker 容器中的 Postgresql

問題最終是由於某種原因端口 5432 正在使用中，我認為是 django 本身（盡管如果有人知道真正的答案，知識將不勝感激），解決方案是將端口映射更改為另一個端口，在我的情況：

postgres:
  ports:
    - "6543:5432"

然后，您可以測試是否可以通過 uri 從主機上的終端訪問您的 postgres 數據庫，如下所示：

psql postgresql://<postgres_user_name>:<postgres_pass>@localhost:6543/postgres

我遇到的另一個問題是要獲取psql命令，您需要將 postgres 添加到系統環境變量路徑中，如下所示： %PROGRAMFILES%/PostgreSQL/<postgres_version_num>/bin/