Capistrano 部署突然停止工作（Git 權限被拒絕）

Question

我正在使用 capistrano 將多個項目部署到 VPS。 在這種情況下，我將我的遠程存儲庫保存在 bitbucket 上。此配置已工作多年。

我在 deploy.rb 中配置了轉發：

set :ssh_options, { forward_agent: true, user: fetch(:user), keys: %w(~/.ssh/SOMEKEY_rsa) }

突然我無法deploy或deploy:check我所有本地機器上的所有項目。 唯一改變的是，我之前不得不更改 VPS 的主機名。 幾天前，我通過更正 VPS 管理頁面中的新主機名條目來更正相關的配置錯誤。 新的主機名可能是錯誤的原因嗎？

這是我在運行deploy:check時收到的 output

% cap production deploy:check                                                    
rvm 1.29.12 (latest) by Michal Papis, Piotr Kuczynski, Wayne E. Seguin [https://rvm.io]
ruby-3.0.0
ruby 3.0.0p0 (2020-12-25 revision 95aff21468) [x86_64-linux]
00:00 git:wrapper
      01 mkdir -p /tmp
    ✔ 01 SOMEUSER@IP.IP.IP.IP 0.120s
      Uploading /tmp/git-ssh-c9068d67cac423341809.sh 100.0%
      02 chmod 700 /tmp/git-ssh-c9068d67cac423341809.sh
    ✔ 02 SOMEUSER@IP.IP.IP.IP 0.119s
00:00 git:check
      01 git ls-remote git@bitbucket.org:GITUSER/SOMEREPO.git HEAD
      01 git@bitbucket.org: Permission denied (publickey).
      01
      01 fatal: Could not read from remote repository.
      01
      01
      01 Please make sure you have the correct access rights
      01 and the repository exists.
#<Thread:0x00007f8a868e0568 /Users/SOMEUSER/.rvm/gems/ruby-SOMEVERSION@SOMEPROJECT/gems/sshkit-1.21.2/lib/sshkit/runners/parallel.rb:10 run> terminated with exception (report_on_exception is true):
/Users/SOMEUSER/.rvm/gems/ruby-SOMEVERSION@SOMEPROJECT/gems/sshkit-1.21.2/lib/sshkit/runners/parallel.rb:15:in `rescue in block (2 levels) in execute': Exception while executing on host IP.IP.IP.IP: git exit status: 128 (SSHKit::Runner::ExecuteError)
git stdout: git@bitbucket.org: Permission denied (publickey).\r\r
fatal: Could not read from remote repository.\r
\r
Please make sure you have the correct access rights\r
and the repository exists.
git stderr: Nothing written
    from /Users/SOMEUSER/.rvm/gems/ruby-SOMEVERSION@SOMEPROJECT/gems/sshkit-1.21.2/lib/sshkit/runners/parallel.rb:11:in `block (2 levels) in execute'
/Users/SOMEUSER/.rvm/gems/ruby-SOMEVERSION@SOMEPROJECT/gems/sshkit-1.21.2/lib/sshkit/command.rb:97:in `exit_status=': git exit status: 128 (SSHKit::Command::Failed)
git stdout: git@bitbucket.org: Permission denied (publickey).\r\r
fatal: Could not read from remote repository.\r
\r
Please make sure you have the correct access rights\r
and the repository exists.
git stderr: Nothing written
    from /Users/SOMEUSER/.rvm/gems/ruby-SOMEVERSION@SOMEPROJECT/gems/sshkit-1.21.2/lib/sshkit/backends/netssh.rb:170:in `execute_command'
    from /Users/SOMEUSER/.rvm/gems/ruby-SOMEVERSION@SOMEPROJECT/gems/sshkit-1.21.2/lib/sshkit/backends/abstract.rb:148:in `block in create_command_and_execute'
    from <internal:kernel>:90:in `tap'
    from /Users/SOMEUSER/.rvm/gems/ruby-SOMEVERSION@SOMEPROJECT/gems/sshkit-1.21.2/lib/sshkit/backends/abstract.rb:148:in `create_command_and_execute'
    from /Users/SOMEUSER/.rvm/gems/ruby-SOMEVERSION@SOMEPROJECT/gems/sshkit-1.21.2/lib/sshkit/backends/abstract.rb:80:in `execute'
    from /Users/SOMEUSER/.rvm/gems/ruby-SOMEVERSION@SOMEPROJECT/gems/capistrano-3.17.1/lib/capistrano/scm/git.rb:83:in `git'
    from /Users/SOMEUSER/.rvm/gems/ruby-SOMEVERSION@SOMEPROJECT/gems/capistrano-3.17.1/lib/capistrano/scm/git.rb:40:in `check_repo_is_reachable'
    from /Users/SOMEUSER/.rvm/gems/ruby-SOMEVERSION@SOMEPROJECT/gems/capistrano-3.17.1/lib/capistrano/scm/tasks/git.rake:19:in `block (4 levels) in eval_rakefile'
    from /Users/SOMEUSER/.rvm/gems/ruby-SOMEVERSION@SOMEPROJECT/gems/sshkit-1.21.2/lib/sshkit/backends/abstract.rb:100:in `with'
    from /Users/SOMEUSER/.rvm/gems/ruby-SOMEVERSION@SOMEPROJECT/gems/capistrano-3.17.1/lib/capistrano/scm/tasks/git.rake:18:in `block (3 levels) in eval_rakefile'
    from /Users/SOMEUSER/.rvm/gems/ruby-SOMEVERSION@SOMEPROJECT/gems/sshkit-1.21.2/lib/sshkit/backends/abstract.rb:31:in `instance_exec'
    from /Users/SOMEUSER/.rvm/gems/ruby-SOMEVERSION@SOMEPROJECT/gems/sshkit-1.21.2/lib/sshkit/backends/abstract.rb:31:in `run'
    from /Users/SOMEUSER/.rvm/gems/ruby-SOMEVERSION@SOMEPROJECT/gems/sshkit-1.21.2/lib/sshkit/runners/parallel.rb:12:in `block (2 levels) in execute'
(Backtrace restricted to imported tasks)
cap aborted!
SSHKit::Runner::ExecuteError: Exception while executing on host IP.IP.IP.IP: git exit status: 128
git stdout: git@bitbucket.org: Permission denied (publickey).
fatal: Could not read from remote repository.

Please make sure you have the correct access rights
and the repository exists.
git stderr: Nothing written


Caused by:
SSHKit::Command::Failed: git exit status: 128
git stdout: git@bitbucket.org: Permission denied (publickey).
fatal: Could not read from remote repository.

Please make sure you have the correct access rights
and the repository exists.
git stderr: Nothing written

Tasks: TOP => deploy:check => git:check
(See full trace by running task with --trace)

我可以在 bitbucket 上推送和拉取我的遠程 git 存儲庫，但顯然 capistrano 在部署過程中無法連接到它。

哪個密鑰（從我的機器，從 VPS）丟失在哪里（在 VPS 上，在 bitbucket 上）？

我該如何解決這個錯誤？

更新 1：

我可以從我的開發系統連接到 bitbucket，但不能從 VPS 連接。

目前我沒有在 VPS 上配置密鑰。 我不記得是否有一些，當我更改主機名時它們被刪除了。 我假設 capistrano 在整個過程中使用了我的開發機器上的密鑰。

這是在vps上運行ssh -Tvvv git@bitbucket.org的output：

% ssh -Tvvv git@bitbucket.org
OpenSSH_8.2p1 Ubuntu-4ubuntu0.4, OpenSSL 1.1.1f  31 Mar 2020
debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config
debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 19: include /etc/ssh/ssh_config.d/*.conf matched no files
debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 21: Applying options for *
debug2: resolving "bitbucket.org" port 22
debug2: ssh_connect_direct
debug1: Connecting to bitbucket.org [SOMEIP] SOMEPORT.
debug1: Connection established.
debug1: identity file /home/SOMEUSER/.ssh/id_rsa type -1
debug1: identity file /home/SOMEUSER/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /home/SOMEUSER/.ssh/id_dsa type -1
debug1: identity file /home/SOMEUSER/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /home/SOMEUSER/.ssh/id_ecdsa type -1
debug1: identity file /home/SOMEUSER/.ssh/id_ecdsa-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /home/SOMEUSER/.ssh/id_ecdsa_sk type -1
debug1: identity file /home/SOMEUSER/.ssh/id_ecdsa_sk-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /home/SOMEUSER/.ssh/id_ed25519 type -1
debug1: identity file /home/SOMEUSER/.ssh/id_ed25519-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /home/SOMEUSER/.ssh/id_ed25519_sk type -1
debug1: identity file /home/SOMEUSER/.ssh/id_ed25519_sk-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /home/SOMEUSER/.ssh/id_xmss type -1
debug1: identity file /home/SOMEUSER/.ssh/id_xmss-cert type -1
debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_8.2p1 Ubuntu-4ubuntu0.4
debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version conker_a97b73fe8d f80d5e4fabac
debug1: no match: conker_a97b73fe8d f80d5e4fabac
debug2: fd 3 setting O_NONBLOCK
debug1: Authenticating to bitbucket.org:22 as 'git'
debug3: hostkeys_foreach: reading file "/home/SOMEUSER/.ssh/known_hosts"
debug3: record_hostkey: found key type RSA in file /home/SOMEUSER/.ssh/known_hosts:1
debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys from bitbucket.org
debug3: order_hostkeyalgs: prefer hostkeyalgs: rsa-sha2-512-cert-v01@openssh.com,rsa-sha2-256-cert-v01@openssh.com,ssh-rsa-cert-v01@openssh.com,rsa-sha2-512,rsa-sha2-256,ssh-rsa
debug3: send packet: type 20
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent
debug3: receive packet: type 20
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received
debug2: local client KEXINIT proposal
debug2: KEX algorithms: curve25519-sha256,curve25519-sha256@libssh.org,ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group16-sha512,diffie-hellman-group18-sha512,diffie-hellman-group14-sha256,ext-info-c
debug2: host key algorithms: rsa-sha2-512-cert-v01@openssh.com,rsa-sha2-256-cert-v01@openssh.com,ssh-rsa-cert-v01@openssh.com,rsa-sha2-512,rsa-sha2-256,ssh-rsa,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521-cert-v01@openssh.com,sk-ecdsa-sha2-nistp256-cert-v01@openssh.com,ssh-ed25519-cert-v01@openssh.com,sk-ssh-ed25519-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521,sk-ecdsa-sha2-nistp256@openssh.com,ssh-ed25519,sk-ssh-ed25519@openssh.com
debug2: ciphers ctos: chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,aes128-gcm@openssh.com,aes256-gcm@openssh.com
debug2: ciphers stoc: chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,aes128-gcm@openssh.com,aes256-gcm@openssh.com
debug2: MACs ctos: umac-64-etm@openssh.com,umac-128-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com,umac-64@openssh.com,umac-128@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1
debug2: MACs stoc: umac-64-etm@openssh.com,umac-128-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com,umac-64@openssh.com,umac-128@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1
debug2: compression ctos: none,zlib@openssh.com,zlib
debug2: compression stoc: none,zlib@openssh.com,zlib
debug2: languages ctos: 
debug2: languages stoc: 
debug2: first_kex_follows 0 
debug2: reserved 0 
debug2: peer server KEXINIT proposal
debug2: KEX algorithms: curve25519-sha256@libssh.org,ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group1-sha1,ext-info-s
debug2: host key algorithms: ssh-rsa,rsa-sha2-256,rsa-sha2-512,ssh-dss
debug2: ciphers ctos: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,aes128-gcm@openssh.com,chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com
debug2: ciphers stoc: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,aes128-gcm@openssh.com,chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com
debug2: MACs ctos: hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha1,hmac-sha1-96
debug2: MACs stoc: hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha1,hmac-sha1-96
debug2: compression ctos: none
debug2: compression stoc: none
debug2: languages ctos: 
debug2: languages stoc: 
debug2: first_kex_follows 0 
debug2: reserved 0 
debug1: kex: algorithm: curve25519-sha256@libssh.org
debug1: kex: host key algorithm: rsa-sha2-512
debug1: kex: server->client cipher: chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com MAC: <implicit> compression: none
debug1: kex: client->server cipher: chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com MAC: <implicit> compression: none
debug3: send packet: type 30
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_REPLY
debug3: receive packet: type 31
debug1: Server host key: ssh-rsa SOMESTUFF:SOMESTUFF
debug3: hostkeys_foreach: reading file "/home/SOMEUSER/.ssh/known_hosts"
debug3: record_hostkey: found key type RSA in file /home/SOMEUSER/.ssh/known_hosts:1
debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys from bitbucket.org
debug3: hostkeys_foreach: reading file "/home/SOMEUSER/.ssh/known_hosts"
debug3: record_hostkey: found key type RSA in file /home/SOMEUSER/.ssh/known_hosts:2
debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys from SOMEIP
debug1: Host 'bitbucket.org' is known and matches the RSA host key.
debug1: Found key in /home/SOMEUSER/.ssh/known_hosts:1
debug3: send packet: type 21
debug2: set_newkeys: mode 1
debug1: rekey out after 134217728 blocks
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS
debug3: receive packet: type 21
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received
debug2: set_newkeys: mode 0
debug1: rekey in after 134217728 blocks
debug1: Will attempt key: /home/SOMEUSER/.ssh/id_rsa 
debug1: Will attempt key: /home/SOMEUSER/.ssh/id_dsa 
debug1: Will attempt key: /home/SOMEUSER/.ssh/id_ecdsa 
debug1: Will attempt key: /home/SOMEUSER/.ssh/id_ecdsa_sk 
debug1: Will attempt key: /home/SOMEUSER/.ssh/id_ed25519 
debug1: Will attempt key: /home/SOMEUSER/.ssh/id_ed25519_sk 
debug1: Will attempt key: /home/SOMEUSER/.ssh/id_xmss 
debug2: pubkey_prepare: done
debug3: send packet: type 5
debug3: receive packet: type 7
debug1: SSH2_MSG_EXT_INFO received
debug1: kex_input_ext_info: server-sig-algs=<ssh-dss,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521,ssh-rsa-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384-cert-v01@openssh.com,ssh-rsa,rsa-sha2-512,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256-cert-v01@openssh.com,rsa-sha2-256,ssh-dss-cert-v01@openssh.com>
debug3: receive packet: type 6
debug2: service_accept: ssh-userauth
debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received
debug3: send packet: type 50
debug3: receive packet: type 51
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey
debug3: start over, passed a different list publickey
debug3: preferred gssapi-with-mic,publickey,keyboard-interactive,password
debug3: authmethod_lookup publickey
debug3: remaining preferred: keyboard-interactive,password
debug3: authmethod_is_enabled publickey
debug1: Next authentication method: publickey
debug1: Trying private key: /home/SOMEUSER/.ssh/id_rsa
debug3: no such identity: /home/SOMEUSER/.ssh/id_rsa: No such file or directory
debug1: Trying private key: /home/SOMEUSER/.ssh/id_dsa
debug3: no such identity: /home/SOMEUSER/.ssh/id_dsa: No such file or directory
debug1: Trying private key: /home/SOMEUSER/.ssh/id_ecdsa
debug3: no such identity: /home/SOMEUSER/.ssh/id_ecdsa: No such file or directory
debug1: Trying private key: /home/SOMEUSER/.ssh/id_ecdsa_sk
debug3: no such identity: /home/SOMEUSER/.ssh/id_ecdsa_sk: No such file or directory
debug1: Trying private key: /home/SOMEUSER/.ssh/id_ed25519
debug3: no such identity: /home/SOMEUSER/.ssh/id_ed25519: No such file or directory
debug1: Trying private key: /home/SOMEUSER/.ssh/id_ed25519_sk
debug3: no such identity: /home/SOMEUSER/.ssh/id_ed25519_sk: No such file or directory
debug1: Trying private key: /home/SOMEUSER/.ssh/id_xmss
debug3: no such identity: /home/SOMEUSER/.ssh/id_xmss: No such file or directory
debug2: we did not send a packet, disable method
debug1: No more authentication methods to try.
git@bitbucket.org: Permission denied (publickey).

更新 2：

當我嘗試在 vps 上檢查 ssh 時，我得到：

% ssh-add -l
Could not open a connection to your authentication agent.
% ssh-add
Could not open a connection to your authentication agent.
% eval `ssh-agent -s`
Agent pid 449351
% ssh-add -l         
The agent has no identities.

Answer 1

我現在能夠解決這個問題......至少它目前正在工作。

我在 VPS 上生成了新密鑰並將它們添加到 bitbucket，但最終似乎起作用的是再次將我的本地密鑰 id_rsa 添加到 ssh。在兩台機器上這樣做之后，該過程目前在兩台機器上都可以運行，我可以再次部署。

我不知道，他們為什么會殘疾。