python3.10-venv沒有安裝候選怎么安裝python3.10虛擬環境？

Question

我剛剛升級到 Ubuntu 22.04.1 LTS，它預裝了 python3.10。 我嘗試創建一個虛擬環境，但沒有成功。 嘗試安裝虛擬環境 package 出現錯誤E: Package 'python3-venv' has no installation candidate

python3 -m venv newpy310
The virtual environment was not created successfully because ensurepip is not
available.  On Debian/Ubuntu systems, you need to install the python3-venv
package using the following command.

    apt install python3.10-venv

You may need to use sudo with that command.  After installing the python3-venv
package, recreate your virtual environment.

Failing command: ['/home/user/Desktop/pyenvs/newpy310/bin/python3', '-Im', 'ensurepip', '--upgrade', '--default-pip']

之后我使用sudo apt install python3.10-venv ，並返回了

sudo apt install python3.10-venv
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Package python3.10-venv is not available, but is referred to by another package.
This may mean that the package is missing, has been obsoleted, or
is only available from another source

E: Package 'python3.10-venv' has no installation candidate

如果我使用sudo apt install python3.10-virtualenv會遇到類似的情況

sudo apt-get install python3.10-virtualenv
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
E: Unable to locate package python3.10-virtualenv
E: Couldn't find any package by glob 'python3.10-virtualenv'
E: Couldn't find any package by regex 'python3.10-virtualenv'

我的 sudo apt-get update 看起來也很可疑，但我不確定它是否是罪魁禍首

sudo apt update
Hit:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal InRelease                                                 
Hit:2 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security InRelease                                       
Hit:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates InRelease                                         
Hit:4 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security InRelease                  
Hit:5 https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/deadsnakes/ppa/ubuntu jammy InRelease
Hit:6 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-backports InRelease
Hit:7 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy InRelease
Hit:8 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates InRelease
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
8 packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them.
W: Target Packages (main/binary-amd64/Packages) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:13 and /etc/apt/sources.list:14
W: Target Packages (main/binary-i386/Packages) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:13 and /etc/apt/sources.list:14
W: Target Packages (main/binary-all/Packages) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:13 and /etc/apt/sources.list:14
W: Target Translations (main/i18n/Translation-en_US) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:13 and /etc/apt/sources.list:14
W: Target Translations (main/i18n/Translation-en) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:13 and /etc/apt/sources.list:14
W: Target Translations (main/i18n/Translation-en_SG) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:13 and /etc/apt/sources.list:14
W: Target DEP-11 (main/dep11/Components-amd64.yml) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:13 and /etc/apt/sources.list:14
W: Target DEP-11 (main/dep11/Components-all.yml) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:13 and /etc/apt/sources.list:14
W: Target DEP-11-icons-small (main/dep11/icons-48x48.tar) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:13 and /etc/apt/sources.list:14
W: Target DEP-11-icons (main/dep11/icons-64x64.tar) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:13 and /etc/apt/sources.list:14
W: Target DEP-11-icons-hidpi (main/dep11/icons-64x64@2.tar) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:13 and /etc/apt/sources.list:14
W: Target CNF (main/cnf/Commands-amd64) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:13 and /etc/apt/sources.list:14
W: Target CNF (main/cnf/Commands-all) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:13 and /etc/apt/sources.list:14
W: Target Packages (main/binary-amd64/Packages) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:13 and /etc/apt/sources.list:14
W: Target Packages (main/binary-i386/Packages) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:13 and /etc/apt/sources.list:14
W: Target Packages (main/binary-all/Packages) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:13 and /etc/apt/sources.list:14
W: Target Translations (main/i18n/Translation-en_US) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:13 and /etc/apt/sources.list:14
W: Target Translations (main/i18n/Translation-en) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:13 and /etc/apt/sources.list:14
W: Target Translations (main/i18n/Translation-en_SG) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:13 and /etc/apt/sources.list:14
W: Target DEP-11 (main/dep11/Components-amd64.yml) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:13 and /etc/apt/sources.list:14
W: Target DEP-11 (main/dep11/Components-all.yml) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:13 and /etc/apt/sources.list:14
W: Target DEP-11-icons-small (main/dep11/icons-48x48.tar) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:13 and /etc/apt/sources.list:14
W: Target DEP-11-icons (main/dep11/icons-64x64.tar) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:13 and /etc/apt/sources.list:14
W: Target DEP-11-icons-hidpi (main/dep11/icons-64x64@2.tar) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:13 and /etc/apt/sources.list:14
W: Target CNF (main/cnf/Commands-amd64) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:13 and /etc/apt/sources.list:14
W: Target CNF (main/cnf/Commands-all) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:13 and /etc/apt/sources.list:14

我也已經添加了 deadsnakes ppa 回購協議。 我注意到其他一些問題是針對 python 3.6 或 3.8 的，這些問題在我過去分別使用 python 3.6 和 3.8 時有效。 但是，其中描述的方法不適用於我當前使用 Ubuntu 22.04 和 python3.10 的設置。

1. python3.8-venv 不適用於 python3.8 -m venv env
2. Pop OS 升級到 21.04 后，python3.8-venv 不再工作
3. Ubuntu 22.04安裝Python3.6虛擬環境問題

這些是我咨詢過但對我不起作用的其他鏈接。 我也嘗試過重新安裝 python3.10 本身。

1. 如何在Ubuntu上使用Python3.10？
2. Ubuntu 22.04安裝Python3.6虛擬環境問題
3. pyvenv 不工作，因為 ensurepip 不可用
4. pyvenv 不工作，因為 ensurepip 不可用
5. https://askubuntu.com/questions/879437/ensurepip-is-disabled-in-debian-ubuntu-for-the-system-python
6. Python3.10源碼venv變了

Q：python3.10-venv沒有安裝候選項，如何安裝python3.10虛擬環境？

Answer 1

python3.10-venv 典型的是package，提供了Python 3.10中創建虛擬環境的venv模塊。 如果在嘗試安裝時未找到 package，則可能意味着它在 package 存儲庫中不可用，適用於您的特定發行版或 Linux 版本。

使用 Python 3.10 創建虛擬環境的一種方法是使用 pyenv 工具。 pyenv 允許您在系統上輕松安裝和管理 Python 的多個版本。 您可以按照GitHub頁面上的說明安裝pyenv： https://github.com/pyenv/pyenv

安裝 pyenv 后，您可以通過運行以下命令安裝 Python 3.10：

pyenv install 3.10.0

你可以創造你的環境

pyenv virtualenv 3.10.0 my_env

這將創建一個名為 my_env 的新虛擬環境，它使用 Python 3.10.0。 要激活虛擬環境，請運行以下命令：

pyenv activate my_env