如何在 DRF 的序列化程序中將屬性設置為只讀？

Question

我有一個序列化程序。

class MySerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = models.MyClass

我的 model class 是：

class MyClass(models.Model):
    employee = models.ForeignKey("Employee", on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    work_done = models.TextField(blank=True, null=True)
    created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    updated_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)

我希望 employee 屬性是只讀的，並且應該只在它的字段中顯示這個值：

employee = Employee.objects.get(user=self.request.user)

我怎樣才能在序列化器中做到這一點？

Answer 1

extra_kwargs = {
            'employee': {'read_only': True}
       }

您可以使用 extra_kwargs 使其覆蓋現有的 model 行為

Answer 2

您可以通過在序列化程序中提及它來將其設置為只讀，並通過按以下方式修改 init 方法來顯示當前用戶的值：

class MySerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
    model = models.MyClass
    read_only_fields = [
        'employee',
    ]

def get_employee(self, instance) -> Any:
    employee = None
    request = self.context.get('request')
    if request and hasattr(request, 'user'):
        employee = Employee.objects.get(request.user)

    # if you want to show serialize value of employee
    # then write a EmployeeSerializer and add following blocked code 

    # if employee:
    #     serializer = EmployeeSerializer(user, many=False)
    #     employee = serializer.data
    return employee