使用BeautifulSoup刮表

Question

我有一個問題，我懷疑它是相當直接的。 我有以下類型的頁面，我想從中收集最后一個表中的信息（如果你一直向下滾動它是標有“Procedure”的框中的那個）：

http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?type=REPORT&mode=XML&reference=A7-2010-2&language=EN

我要刮的表的html看起來像這樣：

<tbody><tr class="doc_title">
<td style="background-image: url(&quot;/img/struct/navigation/gradient_blue.gif&quot;);" align="left" valign="top"><img src="/img/struct/functional/arrow_title_doc.gif" alt="" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="14" width="8"> <span style="font-weight: bold;">PROCEDURE</span></td><td style="background-image: url(&quot;/img/struct/navigation/gradient_blue.gif&quot;);" align="right" valign="top">
<table border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" width="50">
<tbody><tr><td align="center"><a href="#top"><img src="/img/struct/functional/top_doc.gif" alt="" border="0" height="16" width="16"></a></td><td align="center"><img src="/img/struct/navigation/spacer.gif" alt="" border="0" height="10" width="15"></td><td align="center"><a href="#title2"><img src="/img/struct/functional/sort_up.gif" alt="" border="0" height="10" width="15"></a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr>

<tr class="contents" valign="top"><td colspan="2">
<p></p><table style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 481.85pt;" align="center" cellspacing="0">
<tbody><tr style="">
<td style="border-width: 0.75pt 1pt 0.75pt 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 2.8pt 5.1pt; vertical-align: top; width: 38.24%;" rowspan="1" colspan="1">
<p style=""><span style="font-weight: bold;">Title</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-width: 0.75pt 1pt 0.75pt 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 2.8pt 5.1pt; vertical-align: top; width: 61.76%;" rowspan="1" colspan="7">
<p style="">Mutual assistance for the recovery of claims relating to taxes, duties and other measures</p>
</td>
<td style="" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr>

<tr style="">
<td style="border-width: 0.75pt 1pt 0.75pt 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 2.8pt 5.1pt; vertical-align: top; width: 38.24%;" rowspan="1" colspan="1">
<p style=""><span style="font-weight: bold;">References</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-width: 0.75pt 1pt 0.75pt 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 2.8pt 5.1pt; vertical-align: top; width: 61.76%;" rowspan="1" colspan="7">
<p style=""><a href="http://ec.europa.eu/prelex/liste_resultats.cfm?CL=en&amp;ReqId=0&amp;DocType=COM&amp;DocYear=2009&amp;DocNum=0028">COM(2009)0028</a> – C6-0061/2009 – <a href="/oeil/FindByProcnum.do?lang=en&amp;procnum=CNS/2009/0007">2009/0007(CNS)</a></p>
</td>
<td style="" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr>

<tr style="">
<td style="border-width: 0.75pt 1pt 0.75pt 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 2.8pt 5.1pt; vertical-align: top; width: 38.24%;" rowspan="1" colspan="1">
<p style=""><span style="font-weight: bold;">Date of consulting Parliament</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-width: 0.75pt 1pt 0.75pt 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 2.8pt 5.1pt; vertical-align: top; width: 61.76%;" rowspan="1" colspan="7">
<p style="">16.2.2009</p>
</td>
<td style="" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr>

<tr style="">
<td style="border-width: 0.75pt 1pt 0.75pt 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 2.8pt 5.1pt; vertical-align: top; width: 38.24%;" rowspan="1" colspan="1">
<p style=""><span style="font-weight: bold;">Committee responsible</span></p>

<p style="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Date announced in plenary</p>
</td>
<td style="border-width: 0.75pt 1pt 0.75pt 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 2.8pt 5.1pt; vertical-align: top; width: 61.76%;" rowspan="1" colspan="7">
<p style="">ECON</p>

<p style="">19.10.2009</p>
</td>
<td style="" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr>

<tr style="">
<td style="border-width: 0.75pt 1pt 0pt 0.75pt; border-style: solid solid none; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 2.8pt 5.1pt; vertical-align: top; width: 38.24%;" rowspan="1" colspan="1">
<p style=""><span style="font-weight: bold;">Committee(s) asked for opinion(s)</span></p>

<p style="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Date announced in plenary</p>
</td>
<td style="border-width: 1pt 0pt 0pt; border-style: solid none none; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 2.8pt 5.1pt; vertical-align: top; width: 15.88%;" rowspan="1" colspan="2">
<p style="">CONT</p>

<p style="">19.10.2009</p>
</td>
<td style="border-width: 1pt 0pt 0pt; border-style: solid none none; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 2.8pt 5.1pt; vertical-align: top; width: 15.3%;" rowspan="1" colspan="2">
<p style="">JURI</p>

<p style="">19.10.2009</p>
</td>
<td style="border-width: 1pt 0pt 0pt; border-style: solid none none; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 2.8pt 5.1pt; vertical-align: top; width: 15.3%;" rowspan="1" colspan="2">
<p style="">&nbsp;</p>
</td>
<td style="border-width: 0.75pt 1pt 0pt 0pt; border-style: solid solid none none; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 2.8pt 5.1pt; vertical-align: top; width: 15.3%;" rowspan="1" colspan="1">
<p style="">&nbsp;</p>
</td>
<td style="" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr>

<tr style="">
<td style="border-width: 0.75pt 1pt 0.75pt 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 2.8pt 5.1pt; vertical-align: top; width: 38.24%;" rowspan="1" colspan="1">
<p style=""><span style="font-weight: bold;">Not delivering opinions</span></p>

<p style="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Date of decision</p>
</td>
<td style="border-width: 0.75pt 0pt 1pt; border-style: solid none; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 2.8pt 5.1pt; vertical-align: top; width: 15.88%;" rowspan="1" colspan="2">
<p style="">CONT</p>

<p style="">1.10.2009</p>
</td>
<td style="border-width: 0.75pt 0pt 1pt; border-style: solid none; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 2.8pt 5.1pt; vertical-align: top; width: 15.3%;" rowspan="1" colspan="2">
<p style="">JURI</p>

<p style="">5.10.2009</p>
</td>
<td style="border-width: 0.75pt 0pt 1pt; border-style: solid none; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 2.8pt 5.1pt; vertical-align: top; width: 15.3%;" rowspan="1" colspan="2">
<p style="">&nbsp;</p>
</td>
<td style="border-width: 0.75pt 1pt 0.75pt 0pt; border-style: solid solid solid none; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 2.8pt 5.1pt; vertical-align: top; width: 15.3%;" rowspan="1" colspan="1">
<p style="">&nbsp;</p>
</td>
<td style="" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr>

<tr style="">
<td style="border-width: 0.75pt 1pt 0.75pt 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 2.8pt 5.1pt; vertical-align: top; width: 38.24%;" rowspan="1" colspan="1">
<p style=""><span style="font-weight: bold;">Rapporteur(s)</span></p>

<p style="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Date appointed</p>
</td>
<td style="border-width: 0.75pt 0pt 1pt; border-style: solid none; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 2.8pt 5.1pt; vertical-align: top; width: 20.59%;" rowspan="1" colspan="3">
<p style="">Theodor Dumitru Stolojan</p>

<p style="">21.7.2009</p>
</td>
<td style="border-width: 0.75pt 0pt 1pt; border-style: solid none; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 2.8pt 5.1pt; vertical-align: top; width: 20.59%;" rowspan="1" colspan="2">
<p style="">&nbsp;</p>
</td>
<td style="border-width: 0.75pt 1pt 0.75pt 0pt; border-style: solid solid solid none; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 2.8pt 5.1pt; vertical-align: top; width: 20.59%;" rowspan="1" colspan="2">
<p style="">&nbsp;</p>
</td>
<td style="" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr>

<tr style="">
<td style="border-width: 0.75pt 1pt 0pt 0.75pt; border-style: solid solid none; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 2.8pt 5.1pt; vertical-align: top; width: 38.24%;" rowspan="1" colspan="1">
<p style=""><span style="font-weight: bold;">Discussed in committee</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-width: 1pt 0pt 0pt; border-style: solid none none; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 2.8pt 5.1pt; vertical-align: top; width: 15.88%;" rowspan="1" colspan="2">
<p style="">10.11.2009</p>
</td>
<td style="border-width: 1pt 0pt 0pt; border-style: solid none none; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 2.8pt 5.1pt; vertical-align: top; width: 15.3%;" rowspan="1" colspan="2">
<p style="">1.12.2009</p>
</td>
<td style="border-width: 1pt 0pt 0pt; border-style: solid none none; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 2.8pt 5.1pt; vertical-align: top; width: 15.3%;" rowspan="1" colspan="2">
<p style="">21.1.2010</p>
</td>
<td style="border-width: 0.75pt 1pt 0pt 0pt; border-style: solid solid none none; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 2.8pt 5.1pt; vertical-align: top; width: 15.3%;" rowspan="1" colspan="1">
<p style="">&nbsp;</p>
</td>
<td style="" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr>

<tr style="">
<td style="border-width: 0.75pt 1pt 0.75pt 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 2.8pt 5.1pt; vertical-align: top; width: 38.24%;" rowspan="1" colspan="1">
<p style=""><span style="font-weight: bold;">Date adopted</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-width: 0.75pt 0pt 1pt; border-style: solid none; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 2.8pt 5.1pt; vertical-align: top; width: 15.88%;" rowspan="1" colspan="2">
<p style="">27.1.2010</p>
</td>
<td style="border-width: 0.75pt 0pt 1pt; border-style: solid none; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 2.8pt 5.1pt; vertical-align: top; width: 15.3%;" rowspan="1" colspan="2">
<p style="">&nbsp;</p>
</td>
<td style="border-width: 0.75pt 0pt 1pt; border-style: solid none; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 2.8pt 5.1pt; vertical-align: top; width: 15.3%;" rowspan="1" colspan="2">
<p style="">&nbsp;</p>
</td>
<td style="border-width: 0.75pt 1pt 0.75pt 0pt; border-style: solid solid solid none; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 2.8pt 5.1pt; vertical-align: top; width: 15.3%;" rowspan="1" colspan="1">
<p style="">&nbsp;</p>
</td>
<td style="" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr>

<tr style="">
<td style="border-width: 0.75pt 1pt 0.75pt 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 2.8pt 5.1pt; vertical-align: top; width: 38.24%;" rowspan="1" colspan="1">
<p style=""><span style="font-weight: bold;">Result of final vote</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-width: 0.75pt 0pt 1pt; border-style: solid none; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 2.8pt 5.1pt; vertical-align: top; width: 12.94%;" rowspan="1" colspan="1">
<p style="">+:</p>

<p style="">–:</p>

<p style="">0:</p>
</td>
<td style="border-width: 0.75pt 1pt 0.75pt 0pt; border-style: solid solid solid none; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 2.8pt 5.1pt; vertical-align: top; width: 48.82%;" rowspan="1" colspan="6">
<p style="">39</p>

<p style="">0</p>

<p style="">1</p>
</td>
<td style="" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr>

<tr style="">
<td style="border-width: 0.75pt 1pt 0.75pt 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 2.8pt 5.1pt; vertical-align: top; width: 38.24%;" rowspan="1" colspan="1">
<p style=""><span style="font-weight: bold;">Members present for the final vote</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-width: 0.75pt 1pt 0.75pt 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 2.8pt 5.1pt; vertical-align: top; width: 61.76%;" rowspan="1" colspan="7">
<p style="">Burkhard Balz, Sharon Bowles, Udo Bullmann, Pascal Canfin, Nikolaos Chountis, George Sabin Cutaş, Leonardo Domenici, Derk Jan Eppink, Markus Ferber, Elisa Ferreira, Vicky Ford, José Manuel García-Margallo y Marfil, Jean-Paul Gauzès, Sylvie Goulard, Enikő Győri, Liem Hoang Ngoc, Eva Joly, Othmar Karas, Wolf Klinz, Jürgen Klute, Werner Langen, Astrid Lulling, Arlene McCarthy, Ivari Padar, Alfredo Pallone, Anni Podimata, Antolín Sánchez Presedo, Olle Schmidt, Edward Scicluna, Peter Simon, Peter Skinner, Theodor Dumitru Stolojan, Ivo Strejček, Kay Swinburne, Marianne Thyssen, Ramon Tremosa i Balcells</p>
</td>
<td style="" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr>

<tr style="">
<td style="border-left: 0.75pt solid rgb(0, 0, 0); border-right: 1pt solid rgb(0, 0, 0); border-top: 0.75pt solid rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 2.8pt 5.1pt; vertical-align: top; width: 38.24%;" rowspan="1" colspan="1">
<p style=""><span style="font-weight: bold;">Substitute(s) present for the final vote</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-left: 0.75pt solid rgb(0, 0, 0); border-right: 1pt solid rgb(0, 0, 0); border-top: 0.75pt solid rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 2.8pt 5.1pt; vertical-align: top; width: 61.76%;" rowspan="1" colspan="7">
<p style="">Marta Andreasen, Sophie Briard Auconie, David Casa, Danuta Jazłowiecka, Arturs Krišjānis Kariņš, Philippe Lamberts, Andreas Schwab</p>
</td>
<td style="" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr>

<tr style="">
<td style="border: medium none; margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt; width: 38.24%;" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td style="border: medium none; margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt; width: 12.94%;" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td style="border: medium none; margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt; width: 2.94%;" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td style="border: medium none; margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt; width: 4.71%;" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td style="border: medium none; margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt; width: 10.58%;" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td style="border: medium none; margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt; width: 10%;" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td style="border: medium none; margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt; width: 5.29%;" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td style="border: medium none; margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt; width: 15.3%;" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td>
<td style="" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
</tbody>

我面臨的問題是表的標簽沒有標識符（據我所知），所以我不知道如何選擇這一個表並從中獲取信息。 到目前為止，我一直在使用BeautifilSoup從網站上獲取其他信息，但我對如何刮掉這一張表感到茫然。

如果有人能告訴我如何繼續，我將非常感激！

親切的問候，

托馬斯

Answer 1

如果你有點聰明，你可以通過其他屬性找到元素。 我把這個鏡頭用來刮你的數據，這可能不是最好的 - 但它會讓你接近。

我注意到的第一件事是你在第二次出現“PROCEDURE”這個詞之后肯定想要數據（首先是鏈接，第二個是標題）。 所以，我分裂了：

data = html.split("PROCEDURE", 2)[2]

然后，我查找了rowspan=1 <td>標簽：

bs = BeautifulSoup.BeautifulSoup(data)
tds = bs.findAll("td", { "rowspan": 1 })

越來越近...

>>> tds[0].text
u'Title'
>>> tds[1].text
u'Mutual assistance for the recovery of claims relating to taxes, duties and other measures'
>>> tds[3].text
u'References'
>>> tds[4].text
u'COM(2009)00282009/0007(CNS)2009 a>'

請注意，我在tds跳過索引2 ，因為它們使用了間隔符或其他東西（它是空的）。 無論如何，這是一個開始。 我在BeautifulSoup中找到的真正訣竅就是只將它提供給您所知道的區域中的數據，因為這樣可以減少瀏覽量。 它也以接受不好看的輸入而自豪，所以不要害怕把垃圾送到垃圾場。

我在元素列表中走得更遠，但並不完美。 你需要細化搜索，因為他們有<td>中的元素<td>的價值觀秒。