PHP魔術方法__call，__ get和__set的Ruby等效項

Question

我非常確定Ruby具有這些（相當於__call，__get和__set ），因為否則find_by在Rails中將如何工作？ 也許有人可以舉一個簡單的例子，說明如何定義與find_by相同的方法？

謝謝

Answer 1

總之你可以映射

• __使用參數調用method_missing調用
• __set為method_missing調用，方法名以“ =”結尾
• __不帶任何參數的method_missing調用

__呼叫

的PHP

class MethodTest {
  public function __call($name, $arguments) {
    echo "Calling object method '$name' with " . implode(', ', $arguments) . "\n";
  }
}

$obj = new MethodTest;
$obj->runTest('arg1', 'arg2');

紅寶石

class MethodTest
  def method_missing(name, *arguments)
    puts "Calling object method '#{name}' with #{arguments.join(', ')}"
  end
end

obj = MethodTest.new
obj.runTest('arg1', 'arg2')

__set和__get

的PHP

class PropertyTest {
  //  Location for overloaded data.
  private $data = array();

  public function __set($name, $value) {
    echo "Setting '$name' to '$value'\n";
    $this->data[$name] = $value;
  }

  public function __get($name) {
    echo "Getting '$name'\n";
    if (array_key_exists($name, $this->data)) {
      return $this->data[$name];
    }
  }
}

$obj = new PropertyTest;
$obj->a = 1;
echo $obj->a . "\n";

紅寶石

class PropertyTest

  # Location for overloaded data.
  attr_reader :data
  def initialize
    @data = {}
  end

  def method_missing(name, *arguments)
    value = arguments[0]
    name = name.to_s

    # if the method's name ends with '='
    if name[-1, 1] == "="

      method_name = name[0..-2]
      puts "Setting '#{method_name}' to '#{value}'"
      @data[method_name] = value

    else

      puts "Getting '#{name}'"
      @data[name]

    end
  end

end

obj = PropertyTest.new
obj.a = 1 # it's like calling "a=" method : obj.a=(1)
puts obj.a

Answer 2

動態查找器是通過實現缺少方法來完成的

http://ruby-doc.org/core/classes/Kernel.html#M005925

看一下這篇博客文章，它將為您提供它們工作原理的要點。

http://blog.hasmanythrough.com/2006/8/13/how-dynamic-finders-work