Python：如何從FQDN獲取IP地址

Question

如果我有FQDN，例如www.google.com，我如何獲得相應的IP地址？

Answer 1

最簡單的方法是socket.gethostbyname() 。

Answer 2

您可以使用socket.getaddrinfo 。 這將為您提供與名稱關聯的不同IP地址，還可以為您提供IPv6地址。

從文檔：

>>> import socket
>>> help(socket.getaddrinfo)
Help on built-in function getaddrinfo in module _socket:

getaddrinfo(...)
    getaddrinfo(host, port [, family, socktype, proto, flags])
        -> list of (family, socktype, proto, canonname, sockaddr)

    Resolve host and port into addrinfo struct.
>>> from pprint import pprint
>>> pprint(socket.getaddrinfo('www.google.com', 80))
[(2, 1, 6, '', ('74.125.230.83', 80)),
 (2, 2, 17, '', ('74.125.230.83', 80)),
 (2, 3, 0, '', ('74.125.230.83', 80)),
 (2, 1, 6, '', ('74.125.230.80', 80)),
 (2, 2, 17, '', ('74.125.230.80', 80)),
 (2, 3, 0, '', ('74.125.230.80', 80)),
 (2, 1, 6, '', ('74.125.230.81', 80)),
 (2, 2, 17, '', ('74.125.230.81', 80)),
 (2, 3, 0, '', ('74.125.230.81', 80)),
 (2, 1, 6, '', ('74.125.230.84', 80)),
 (2, 2, 17, '', ('74.125.230.84', 80)),
 (2, 3, 0, '', ('74.125.230.84', 80)),
 (2, 1, 6, '', ('74.125.230.82', 80)),
 (2, 2, 17, '', ('74.125.230.82', 80)),
 (2, 3, 0, '', ('74.125.230.82', 80))]

注意：在C中不推薦使用gethostbyname （並且使用它實現了socket.gethostbyname ），因為它不支持IPv6地址，建議使用getaddrinfo 。

Answer 3

使用socket.gethostbyname(hostname)請參閱： http ： //docs.python.org/library/socket.html#socket.gethostbyname