Spring 自動裝配在正在測試的類中不起作用

Question

我正在嘗試對我正在編寫的 web 服務中使用的部分代碼運行高級測試。 在此過程中，代碼將調用數據庫（我使用 Spring 和 Hibernate 設置了該數據庫）。 自動裝配在測試用例 class 本身中工作正常，但由於運行測試而被調用的其他類沒有被自動裝配。

單元測試

@RunWith( SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class )
@ContextConfiguration
public class ProviderTest
{
@Autowired
protected ApplicationContext applicationContext;
protected ProviderA provider;

@Before
public void setUp()
{
    Transaction transaction = DbLogHelper.getInstance().getLog();
    transaction.setCompanyName("Unit Test");
    transaction.setCreateTime(Calendar.getInstance());
    transaction.setPhoneNumber("Provider Test - N/A");
    transaction.setQueryId("Unit Test");
    transaction.setRequest("<NONE - UNIT TEST>");
    transaction.setResponse("<NONE - UNIT TEST>");
    LogJob job = new LogJob(transaction, DbLogHelper.getInstance.getDao());
    job.run();

    provider = new ProviderA(transaction);
}

@After
public void tearDown()
{
    Transaction transaction = DbLogHelper.getInstance().getLog();
    transaction.setResponseTime(Calendar.getInstance());
    DbLogHelper.getInstance().writeLog(transaction);
    DbLogHelper.getInstance().resetLog();
}

@Test
public void testProvider()
{
    try
    {
        List<TAddress> results = provider.searchItem("SOME_ITEM", "12345");
        Assert.assertNotNull(results);
    }
    catch (Exception e)
    {
        Assert.fail();
    }
}
}

Singleton 日志助手

public class DbLogHelper
{
private static DbLogHelper instance;
@Autowired
private LogDao dao;
private Executor executor = new ThreadPoolExecutor(3, 10, 10, TimeUnit.SECONDS, new LinkedBlockingQueue<Runnable>());
private ThreadLocal<Transaction> transactionRef = new ThreadLocal<Transaction>() {

    @Override
    protected Transaction initialValue()
    {
        return new Transaction();
    }

};

public static DbLogHelper getInstance()
{
    if (instance == null)
    {
        synchronized (DbLogHelper.class)
        {
            if (instance == null)
            {
                instance = new DbLogHelper();
            }
        }
    }

    return instance;
}

/**
 * Gets the Transaction object attached to this thread. Generates a new one if it does not
 * yet exist.
 * @return Transaction
 */
public Transaction getLog()
{
    return transactionRef.get();
}

/**
 * Removes the current Transaction object from the thread map. The next getLog() call will
 * generate a new one.
 */
public void resetLog()
{
    transactionRef.remove();
}

/**
 * Gets the DAO used to persist Transaction objects
 */
public LogDao getDao()
{
    return dao;
}

/**
 * Queues the passed Transaction object to be written to the database. This happens in a
 * separate thread so the service is not waiting on database persistence before responding.
 * @param transaction
 */
public void writeLog(Transaction transaction)
{
    LogJob job = new LogJob(transaction, dao);
    executor.execute(job);
}
}

記錄 DAO

@Repository
public class LogDao
{
private static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(LogDao.class);
private EntityManager entityManager;

@PersistenceContext
public void setEntityManager(EntityManager entityManager) {
    log.debug("Entity Manager set on LogDao");
    this.entityManager = entityManager;
}

@Transactional
public void updateTransaction(Transaction log)
{
    log = entityManager.merge(log);
}
}

ProviderTest-context.xml

<!-- database -->
<bean id="datasource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
    <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
    <!-- uncomment to see sql
         <property name="driverClassName" value="com.p6spy.engine.spy.P6SpyDriver" />
    -->
    <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost" />
    <property name="username" value="root" />
    <property name="password" value="" />
</bean>

<!-- LOCAL entity manager factory -->
<bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
    <!-- <property name="persistenceUnitManager" ref="persistenceUnitManager"/> -->
    <property name="persistenceUnitName" value="domainPersistenceUnit" />
    <property name="dataSource" ref="datasource" />
    <property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
        <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter">
            <property name="showSql" value="false" />
            <!-- <property name="generateDdl" value="true" /> -->
            <property name="databasePlatform" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect" />
        </bean>
    </property>
</bean>

<bean class="org.springframework.dao.annotation.PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor"/>
<bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor" />

<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
    <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory" />
    <property name="dataSource" ref="datasource" />
</bean>

<context:annotation-config/>
<context:component-scan base-package="com.company.application.webservice"/>

DbLogHelper 中的自動裝配 DAO 始終以 null 結尾。 但是，如果我直接在單元測試中自動裝配它，它會很好地注入實體管理器，准備好 go。 當然，我擔心的是，如果它在測試中不起作用，那么在正確部署時它也不會起作用。 即使我不必擔心這一點，我仍然想測試它。

Answer 1

DBLogger 不是 spring bean，因此 spring 無法將任何 class 自動連接到它（因為它不知道它）。 我建議在您的 spring 上下文中將其定義為 bean，並將 DbLogHelper 注入您想要使用它的任何 class 中。

Answer 2

您應該將 DBLogger 定義為 @John Vint 提到的 spring bean，或者如果由於某種原因不能，您可以獲得 object 您想從 Z2A2D595E6ED9A3B24F027F2B 應用程序上下文自動裝配（不推薦）。

有關后者的詳細信息： http://www.javacodegeeks.com/2015/03/using-spring-managed-bean-in-non-managed-object.html