Hibernate 和 Spring3 事務管理注釋-配置問題：休眠異常：沒有 Hibernate Session 綁定到線程

Question

盡管這個問題已經被問了好幾次，但在嘗試了許多建議的解決方案后，我仍然無法讓 Spring 3 與 Hibernate （和 Postgres）一起使用。 我總是收到以下類型的錯誤：

org.hibernate.HibernateException: No Hibernate Session bound to thread, and configuration does not allow creation of non-transactional one here

只要我在 HomeController 中調用的 UserDAO class 中的sessionFactory.getCurrentSession()調用

User user = this.userService.retrieveUser((long) 1);

我使用 STS 模板創建了一個基本的 Spring-MVC 目錄布局，如下所示：

這是我的 servlet-context.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">
<!-- DispatcherServlet Context: defines this servlet's request-processing infrastructure -->
<!-- Enables the Spring MVC @Controller programming model -->
<annotation-driven />
<!-- Handles HTTP GET requests for /resources/** by efficiently serving up static resources in the ${webappRoot}/resources directory -->
<resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/resources/" />

<!-- Resolves views selected for rendering by @Controllers to .jsp resources in the /WEB-INF/views directory -->
<beans:bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
    <beans:property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" />
    <beans:property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</beans:bean>


<!--  Database connection  -->
<beans:bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
    <beans:property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}"/>
    <beans:property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
    <beans:property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
    <beans:property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
</beans:bean>

<!-- Hibernate -->
<beans:bean id="SessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
    <beans:property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    <beans:property name="configLocation">
        <beans:value>hibernate.cfg.xml</beans:value>
    </beans:property>

    <beans:property name="configurationClass">
        <beans:value>org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration</beans:value>
    </beans:property>
    <beans:property name="hibernateProperties">
        <beans:props>
            <beans:prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</beans:prop>
            <beans:prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</beans:prop>
            <beans:prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect</beans:prop>
        </beans:props>
    </beans:property>
</beans:bean>



 <beans:bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
    <beans:property name="sessionFactory" ref="SessionFactory"/>
 </beans:bean>

<context:property-placeholder location="jdbc.properties"/>


<context:component-scan base-package="de.codemetrix.lokalit" />

<!-- Transaction management -->
<tx:annotation-driven />

這是我的 web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">

<!-- The definition of the Root Spring Container shared by all Servlets and Filters -->
<context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>/WEB-INF/spring/root-context.xml</param-value>
</context-param>

<!-- Creates the Spring Container shared by all Servlets and Filters -->
<listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>

<!-- Processes application requests -->
<servlet>
    <servlet-name>appServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>/WEB-INF/spring/appServlet/servlet-context.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>appServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

root-context.xml 不包含任何配置。

這是我的用戶服務 class：

@Service
@Transactional
public class UserService {
@Autowired(required=true)
private UserDAO userDAO;

@Transactional
public User createUser(User user) {
    return this.userDAO.persistOrMerge(user);
}

@Transactional(readOnly=true)
public User retrieveUser(Long id) {
    return this.userDAO.findById(id);
}

}

這里是基於 hibernate 的 UserDAO：

@Repository
public class UserDAO {
@Autowired(required=true)
private SessionFactory sessionFactory;

public User findById(Long id) {
    return (User) this.sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().createQuery(
        "from User user where user.id=?").setParameter(0, id)
        .uniqueResult();
}

public User persistOrMerge(User user) {
    return (User) this.sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().merge(user);
}
}

錯誤日志是：

17.07.2011 17:21:07 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve invoke
SCHWERWIEGEND: Servlet.service() for servlet [appServlet] in context with path
[/lokalit] threw exception [Request processing failed; nested exception is       
org.hibernate.HibernateException: No Hibernate Session bound to thread, and
configuration   does not allow creation of non-transactional one here] with root cause
org.hibernate.HibernateException: No Hibernate Session bound to thread, and
configuration does not allow creation of non-transactional one here 
at
org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.SpringSessionContext.currentSession(SpringSessionContext.java:63)
at org.hibernate.impl.SessionFactoryImpl.getCurrentSession(SessionFactoryImpl.java:700)
at de.codemetrix.lokalit.model.database.hibernate.UserDAO.findById(UserDAO.java:18)
at de.codemetrix.lokalit.model.database.UserService.retrieveUser(UserService.java:24)
at de.codemetrix.lokalit.controller.HomeController.home(HomeController.java:52)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:616)
at org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.support.HandlerMethodInvoker.invokeHandlerMethod(HandlerMethodInvoker.java:176)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.invokeHandlerMethod(AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.java:426)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.handle(AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.java:414)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:790)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:719)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:644)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:549)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:621)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:722)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:304)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:240)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:164)
at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:462)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:164)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:100)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve.invoke(AccessLogValve.java:562)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:118)
at com.springsource.insight.collection.tcserver.request.HttpRequestOperationCollectionValve.invoke(HttpRequestOperationCollectionValve.java:84)
at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:395)
at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.process(Http11Processor.java:250)
at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11Protocol.java:188)
at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11Protocol.java:166)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(JIoEndpoint.java:302)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1110)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:603)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:679)

我認為這可能與<tx:annotation-driven/>不識別 model 類以及忽略@Transactional注釋有關，但我不確定，我不知道在哪里放置<tx:annotation-driven/>來查找這些類。

對此配置的任何幫助將不勝感激！ 提前致謝！

編輯：這是 HomeController 文件：

@Controller
public class HomeController {

private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HomeController.class);

private UserService userService;

@Autowired
public void setUserService(UserService userService){
    this.userService = userService;
}

/**
 * Simply selects the home view to render by returning its name.
 */
@RequestMapping(value = "/", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String home(Locale locale, Model model) {
    logger.info("Welcome home! the client locale is "+ locale.toString());

    User user = this.userService.retrieveUser((long) 1);

    logger.info("Tried to retrieve User with ID 1: " + user.getSurname());

    return "home";
}

}

邁克爾·H。

Answer 1

您的服務方法未包含在事務中。 您可以從堆棧跟蹤中看出。 controller 和服務之間應該有幾個與事務和代理相關的堆棧幀。 什么是“HomeController”，它如何獲取它使用的 UserService 實例？ <tx:annotation-driven/>標記/bean 應該出現在定義 @Transactional bean 的同一 ApplicationContext 中，並且似乎在您的 servlet-context.xml 中，所以應該沒問題。

Answer 2

我終於認為我得到了我想要的：自動事務管理。 在閱讀了 Springs 聲明式事務管理並添加了一個 AOP 代理之后，我得到了它的工作。 我將以下代碼添加到我的 servlet-context.xml 中，一切正常：

<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
 <!-- the transactional semantics... -->
 <tx:attributes>
  <!-- all methods starting with 'get' are read-only -->
  <tx:method name="get*" read-only="true"/>
  <!-- other methods use the default transaction settings (see below) -->
  <tx:method name="*"/>
 </tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>

<!-- ensure that the above transactional advice runs for any execution
of an operation defined by the FooService interface -->
<aop:config>
 <aop:pointcut id="UserServiceOperation" expression="execution(* de.codemetrix.lokalit.model.database.UserService.*(..))"/>
 <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="UserServiceOperation"/>
</aop:config>

可能它需要一些微調，但現在它可以工作了！

@Ryan：感謝您向我指出事務管理！