使用cout進行unordered_map迭代器打印

Question

我正在嘗試使用迭代器在多層unordered_map中輸出整數，但我遇到了麻煩，該錯誤在代碼下方。

#include <boost/unordered_map.hpp>
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
    typedef boost::unordered_map <int, boost::unordered_map<int, int> >  _map;
    _map MAP;

    boost::unordered_map<int, int>::iterator map_it;

    MAP[0][0] = 10;
    map_it = MAP[0].begin();

    cout<<*map_it<<endl;

    return 0;
}

錯誤如下：

unordered_map_iterator\unordered_map_iterator.cpp||In function 'int main()':|
unordered_map_iterator\unordered_map_iterator.cpp|16|error: no match for 'operator<<' in 'std::cout << map_it.boost::unordered_detail::hash_iterator<A, G>::operator* [with A = std::allocator<std::pair<const int, int> >, G = boost::unordered_detail::ungrouped]()'|
c:\program files\codeblocks\mingw\bin\..\lib\gcc\mingw32\4.4.1\include\c++\ostream|108|note: candidates are: std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& (*)(std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&)) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>]|
c:\program files\codeblocks\mingw\bin\..\lib\gcc\mingw32\4.4.1\include\c++\ostream|117|note:                 std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(std::basic_ios<_CharT, _Traits>& (*)(std::basic_ios<_CharT, _Traits>&)) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>]|
c:\program files\codeblocks\mingw\bin\..\lib\gcc\mingw32\4.4.1\include\c++\ostream|127|note:                 std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(std::ios_base& (*)(std::ios_base&)) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>]|
c:\program files\codeblocks\mingw\bin\..\lib\gcc\mingw32\4.4.1\include\c++\ostream|165|note:                 std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(long int) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>]|
c:\program files\codeblocks\mingw\bin\..\lib\gcc\mingw32\4.4.1\include\c++\ostream|169|note:                 std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(long unsigned int) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>]|
c:\program files\codeblocks\mingw\bin\..\lib\gcc\mingw32\4.4.1\include\c++\ostream|173|note:                 std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(bool) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>]|
c:\program files\codeblocks\mingw\bin\..\lib\gcc\mingw32\4.4.1\include\c++\bits\ostream.tcc|91|note:                 std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(short int) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>]|
c:\program files\codeblocks\mingw\bin\..\lib\gcc\mingw32\4.4.1\include\c++\ostream|180|note:                 std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(short unsigned int) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>]|
c:\program files\codeblocks\mingw\bin\..\lib\gcc\mingw32\4.4.1\include\c++\bits\ostream.tcc|105|note:                 std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(int) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>]|
c:\program files\codeblocks\mingw\bin\..\lib\gcc\mingw32\4.4.1\include\c++\ostream|191|note:                 std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(unsigned int) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>]|
c:\program files\codeblocks\mingw\bin\..\lib\gcc\mingw32\4.4.1\include\c++\ostream|200|note:                 std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(long long int) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>]|
c:\program files\codeblocks\mingw\bin\..\lib\gcc\mingw32\4.4.1\include\c++\ostream|204|note:                 std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(long long unsigned int) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>]|
c:\program files\codeblocks\mingw\bin\..\lib\gcc\mingw32\4.4.1\include\c++\ostream|209|note:                 std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(double) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>]|
c:\program files\codeblocks\mingw\bin\..\lib\gcc\mingw32\4.4.1\include\c++\ostream|213|note:                 std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(float) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>]|
c:\program files\codeblocks\mingw\bin\..\lib\gcc\mingw32\4.4.1\include\c++\ostream|221|note:                 std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(long double) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>]|
c:\program files\codeblocks\mingw\bin\..\lib\gcc\mingw32\4.4.1\include\c++\ostream|225|note:                 std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(const void*) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>]|
c:\program files\codeblocks\mingw\bin\..\lib\gcc\mingw32\4.4.1\include\c++\bits\ostream.tcc|119|note:                 std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(std::basic_streambuf<_CharT, _Traits>*) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>]|
||=== Build finished: 1 errors, 0 warnings ===|

Answer 1

為了能夠做到這一點：

cout<<*map_it<<endl;

您將必須重載<<操作符以支持您的_map類。
<<設計用於標准數據類型，而不是像您的類那樣的自定義數據類型。
<<不了解自定義類類型_map ，因此不正確。

因此，要使用您提到的語句來完成此操作，就必須重載<<以接受_map作為參數。

另外，您可以調用<<帶有其可以理解的參數以及為其實現的參數，

cout<<map_it->second<<endl;

這樣可以確保傳遞給<<的參數是它可以理解的數據類型，因此它將起作用。

Answer 2

boost::unordered_map的迭代器是std :: pair。 由於您有兩個級別，因此必須像這樣將適當的迭代器添加到每個級別：

typedef boost::unordered_map <int, boost::unordered_map<int, int> >  _map;
_map MAP;

MAP[0][0] = 10;
_map::iterator map_it = MAP.begin();

// map_it is an iterator, where first is the key (0), and 
// second is the value (boost::unordered_map<int, int>)

boost::unordered_map<int, int>::iterator internal_map_it = map_it->second.begin();

// internal_map_it is an iterator, where first is the key (also 0)
// and second is the value (10)

cout<< internal_map_it->second <<endl;

Answer 3

boost::unordered_map::iterator指向一對值，第一個是鍵，第二個是值。 所以這條線

cout << *map_it << endl;

正在嘗試打印std::pair 。

如果要打印MAP[0][0]的內容，請使用

cout << map_it->second << endl;