Shell 文件在手動運行時有效，但在 CRON 中運行時失敗

Question

我有一個 shell 文件（compile.sh），它編譯然后運行 java 程序。 當我在 AIX 服務器上手動運行它時它可以工作，但是當我通過 CRON 運行它時給我一個錯誤。

編譯.sh：

/usr/java6/bin/javac  -classpath :.:/usr/jdk/commons-net-3.0.1.jar:/usr/jdk/classes12.jar:/usr/jdk/mysql-connector-java-5.1.17-bin.jar:/usr/jdk/jtds-1.2.5.jar:/usr/jdk/mail.jar:/usr/jdk/joda-time-1.6.2.jar:/usr/jdk/commons-codec-1.4.jar:/usr/jdk/commons-logging-1.1.1.jar:/usr/jdk/httpclient-4.1.1.jar:/usr/jdk/httpclient-cache-4.1.1.jar:/usr/jdk/httpcore-4.1.jar:/usr/jdk/httpmime-4.1.1.jar:/usr/jdk/mailapi.jar:/usr/jdk/pop3.jar:/usr/jdk/smtp.jar:/usr/jdk/dsn.jar:/usr/jdk/imap.jar -d . daily_transmission.java

java -classpath :.:/usr/jdk/commons-net-3.0.1.jar:/usr/jdk/classes12.jar:/usr/jdk/mysql-connector-java-5.1.17-bin.jar:/usr/jdk/jtds-1.2.5.jar:/urs/jdk/mail.jar:/usr/jdk/joda-time-1.6.2.jar:/usr/jdk/commons-codec-1.4.jar:/usr/jdk/commons-logging-1.1.1.jar:/usr/jdk/httpclient-4.1.1.jar:/usr/jdk/httpclient-cache-4.1.1.jar:/usr/jdk/httpcore-4.1.jar:/usr/jdk/httpmime-4.1.1.jar:/usr/jdk/mailapi.jar:/usr/jdk/pop3.jar:/usr/jdk/smtp.jar:/usr/jdk/dsn.jar:/usr/jdk/imap.jar daily_transmission

錯誤：

/ttms/its/db/dropez/trans/compile_java.sh
javac: file not found: *.java
Usage: javac <options> <source files>
use -help for a list of possible options
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: daily_transmission
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: daily_transmission
at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:423)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:653)
at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:346)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:619)
Could not find the main class: daily_transmission. Program will exit. 

Answer 1

只需在編譯和運行之前更改目錄：

cd /absolute/path/to/your/project

/usr/java6/bin/javac  -classpath :.:/usr/jdk/commons-net-3.0.1.jar:/usr/jdk/classes12.jar:/usr/jdk/mysql-connector-java-5.1.17-bin.jar:/usr/jdk/jtds-1.2.5.jar:/usr/jdk/mail.jar:/usr/jdk/joda-time-1.6.2.jar:/usr/jdk/commons-codec-1.4.jar:/usr/jdk/commons-logging-1.1.1.jar:/usr/jdk/httpclient-4.1.1.jar:/usr/jdk/httpclient-cache-4.1.1.jar:/usr/jdk/httpcore-4.1.jar:/usr/jdk/httpmime-4.1.1.jar:/usr/jdk/mailapi.jar:/usr/jdk/pop3.jar:/usr/jdk/smtp.jar:/usr/jdk/dsn.jar:/usr/jdk/imap.jar -d . daily_transmission.java

java -classpath :.:/usr/jdk/commons-net-3.0.1.jar:/usr/jdk/classes12.jar:/usr/jdk/mysql-connector-java-5.1.17-bin.jar:/usr/jdk/jtds-1.2.5.jar:/urs/jdk/mail.jar:/usr/jdk/joda-time-1.6.2.jar:/usr/jdk/commons-codec-1.4.jar:/usr/jdk/commons-logging-1.1.1.jar:/usr/jdk/httpclient-4.1.1.jar:/usr/jdk/httpclient-cache-4.1.1.jar:/usr/jdk/httpcore-4.1.jar:/usr/jdk/httpmime-4.1.1.jar:/usr/jdk/mailapi.jar:/usr/jdk/pop3.jar:/usr/jdk/smtp.jar:/usr/jdk/dsn.jar:/usr/jdk/imap.jar daily_transmission

**更新**

事實上， cron從用戶的主目錄執行每個作業。 因此，最好從 shell 腳本更改您的工作目錄。 甚至可以通過指定每個文件和文件夾的絕對路徑來編寫查詢，就像您坐在主目錄（或根目錄）中一樣。