[英]SQL Server table relationships
SQL Server Mgmt Studio 2005:有人可以幫助我了解如何查看和打印表之間的關系,同時顯示表中的列。 我很多年前就這樣做了,並且已經掙扎了好幾天再做一次。
右鍵單擊數據庫名稱,展開“Database Diagrams”並選擇:“New Database Diagram”。
您需要創建和編輯數據庫關系圖,請參閱SQL Server數據庫關系圖和/或設計數據庫關系圖
您也可以使用查詢執行此操作: SQL SERVER - 查詢顯示外鍵關系和數據庫中每個表的約束名稱
這是一個查詢,它將從@TableName獲取PKs,Check Constraints和FKs,並在逗號分隔列表中使用多列約束:
DECLARE @TableName varchar(250)
SET @TableName='YourTable'
;WITH AllInfo AS
(
SELECT
tc.TABLE_NAME,tc.CONSTRAINT_NAME, ccu.COLUMN_NAME
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS tc
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.CONSTRAINT_COLUMN_USAGE ccu ON ccu.TABLE_NAME = tc.TABLE_NAME AND ccu.CONSTRAINT_NAME = tc.CONSTRAINT_NAME
WHERE tc.TABLE_NAME =@TableName
UNION
SELECT
FK.TABLE_NAME,C.CONSTRAINT_NAME,CU.COLUMN_NAME
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS C
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS FK ON C.CONSTRAINT_NAME = FK.CONSTRAINT_NAME
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS PK ON C.UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_NAME = PK.CONSTRAINT_NAME
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE CU ON C.CONSTRAINT_NAME = CU.CONSTRAINT_NAME
INNER JOIN (SELECT i1.TABLE_NAME, i2.COLUMN_NAME
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS i1
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE i2 ON i1.CONSTRAINT_NAME = i2.CONSTRAINT_NAME
WHERE i1.CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'PRIMARY KEY'
) PT ON PT.TABLE_NAME = PK.TABLE_NAME
WHERE PK.TABLE_NAME=@TableName
)
SELECT DISTINCT
t1.TABLE_NAME,t1.CONSTRAINT_NAME
,STUFF(
(SELECT
', ' + t2.COLUMN_NAME
FROM AllInfo t2
WHERE t1.TABLE_NAME=t2.TABLE_NAME AND t1.CONSTRAINT_NAME=t2.CONSTRAINT_NAME
ORDER BY t2.COLUMN_NAME
FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE
).value('.','varchar(max)')
,1,2, ''
) AS ColumnNames
FROM AllInfo t1
ORDER BY 1,2,3
您可以使用以下腳本來查找特定表的所有fk,pk關系
DECLARE @tablename VARCHAR(100)
SET @tablename='xxxxxxx'
Select 'Referenced by FK table' AS Type, FK.TABLE_SCHEMA, FK.TABLE_NAME AS 'FK_TABLE_NAME' ,cu.COLUMN_NAME AS 'FK_ReferencingColumn',PK.TABLE_NAME AS 'PK_TABLE_NAME',
ku.COLUMN_NAME AS 'PK_ReferencedColumn'
From INFORMATION_SCHEMA.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS As RC
Join INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS As PK
On PK.CONSTRAINT_NAME = RC.UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_NAME
Join INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS As FK
On FK.CONSTRAINT_NAME = RC.CONSTRAINT_NAME
JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.CONSTRAINT_COLUMN_USAGE cu
ON cu.CONSTRAINT_NAME = Rc.CONSTRAINT_NAME
JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE ku
ON ku.CONSTRAINT_NAME = RC.UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_NAME
Where
PK.TABLE_NAME = @tablename
UNION
SELECT 'Referencing PK table' AS Type, FK.TABLE_SCHEMA, FK.TABLE_NAME AS 'FK_TABLE_NAME' ,cu.COLUMN_NAME AS 'FK_ReferencingColumn',PK.TABLE_NAME AS 'PK_TABLE_NAME',
ku.COLUMN_NAME AS 'PK_ReferencedColumn'
From INFORMATION_SCHEMA.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS As RC
Join INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS As PK
On PK.CONSTRAINT_NAME = RC.UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_NAME
Join INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS As FK
On FK.CONSTRAINT_NAME = RC.CONSTRAINT_NAME
JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.CONSTRAINT_COLUMN_USAGE cu
ON cu.CONSTRAINT_NAME = Rc.CONSTRAINT_NAME
JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE ku
ON ku.CONSTRAINT_NAME = RC.UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_NAME
Where
fk.TABLE_NAME = @tablename
您可以創建數據庫圖表並將所有表格添加到其中。 如果這是您想要的,它將是一個圖形表示。
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