如何使用Groovy編寫Excel文件腳本

Question

我想在Groovy中創建excel文件，然后繪制它們。 此代碼取自使用Microsoft的Shell Scripting語言的示例：

Set objExcel = CreateObject("Excel.Application")
objExcel.Visible = True
Set objWorkbook = objExcel.Workbooks.Add()
Set objWorksheet = objWorkbook.Worksheets(1)

objWorksheet.Cells(1,1) = "Operating System"
objWorksheet.Cells(2,1) = "Windows Server 2003"
objWorksheet.Cells(3,1) = "Windows XP"
objWorksheet.Cells(5,1) = "Windows NT 4.0"
objWorksheet.Cells(6,1) = "Other"

objWorksheet.Cells(1,2) = "Number of Computers"
objWorksheet.Cells(2,2) = 145
objWorksheet.Cells(3,2) = 987
objWorksheet.Cells(4,2) = 611
objWorksheet.Cells(5,2) = 41
objWorksheet.Cells(6,2) = 56

Set objRange = objWorksheet.UsedRange
objRange.Select

Set colCharts = objExcel.Charts
colCharts.Add()

Set objChart = colCharts(1)
objChart.Activate

objChart.HasLegend = FALSE
objChart.ChartTitle.Text = "Operating System Use"

我如何修改它以在Groovy中工作？

Answer 1

你需要groovy與COM合作 。 在本頁底部是Excel自動化的示例。

EDITS

這是你的例子翻譯成Groovy（我在Groovy 1.8.2下運行）：

import org.codehaus.groovy.scriptom.*
import org.codehaus.groovy.scriptom.tlb.office.excel.XlChartType
import org.codehaus.groovy.scriptom.tlb.office.excel.XlRowCol
import org.codehaus.groovy.scriptom.tlb.office.excel.XlChartLocation

// create a xls instance
def xls = new ActiveXObject("Excel.Application")

xls.Visible = true

Thread.sleep(1000)

// get the workbooks object
def workbooks = xls.Workbooks
// add a new workbook
def workbook  = workbooks.Add()

// select the active sheet
def sheet = workbook.ActiveSheet

cell = sheet.Range("A1")
cell.Value = "Operating System"
cell = sheet.Range("A2")
cell.Value = "Windows Server 2003"
cell = sheet.Range("A3")
cell.Value = "Windows XP"
cell = sheet.Range("A4")
cell.Value = "Windows NT 4.0"
cell = sheet.Range("A5")
cell.Value = "Other"

cell = sheet.Range("B1")
cell.Value = "Number of Computers"
cell = sheet.Range("B2")
cell.Value = 145
cell = sheet.Range("B3")
cell.Value = 987
cell = sheet.Range("B4")
cell.Value = 611
cell = sheet.Range("B5")
cell.Value = 41

def chart = workbook.Charts.Add(Scriptom.MISSING, sheet)  // create chart object
chart.ChartType = XlChartType.xl3DArea // set type to pie
chart.SetSourceData(sheet.Range("A1:B5"), XlRowCol.xlColumns) // set source data
chart.Location(XlChartLocation.xlLocationAsNewSheet) // add chart as new sheet

Answer 2

Mark上面的回答就是一個很好的例子。 如果您進行一些簡單的更改，事件就更容易理解：

import org.codehaus.groovy.scriptom.*
import org.codehaus.groovy.scriptom.tlb.office.excel.*

def xls = new ActiveXObject("Excel.Application")

xls.Visible = true

Thread.sleep(1000)

// add a new workbook
def workbook  = xls.Workbooks.Add()

// select the active sheet
def sheet = workbook.ActiveSheet    

sheet.Range("A1").Value = "Operating System"
sheet.Range("A2").Value = "Windows Server 2003"
sheet.Range("A3").Value = "Windows XP"
sheet.Range("A4").Value = "Windows NT 4.0"
sheet.Range("A5").Value = "Other"

sheet.Range("B1").Value = "Number of Computers"
sheet.Range("B2").Value = 145
sheet.Range("B3").Value = 987
sheet.Range("B4").Value = 611
sheet.Range("B5").Value = 41

def chart = workbook.Charts.Add(Scriptom.MISSING, sheet)  // create chart object
chart.ChartType = XlChartType.xl3DArea // set type to pie
chart.SetSourceData(sheet.Range("A1:B5"), XlRowCol.xlColumns) // set source data
chart.Location(XlChartLocation.xlLocationAsNewSheet) // add chart as new sheet

Answer 3

我也會選擇Apache POI 。 可以在繁忙的開發人員指南中找到一個工作示例。 還有GSheets ，一個用於Apache POI的瘦的groovy包裝器，請參閱博客文章和單元測試以獲取示例用法。

Answer 4

可能最簡單的（就外部代碼而言）是文本格式，單元格由'\\ t'和行“\\ r \\ n”分隔。 小心具有感知字符串但具有num字符（或類似日期）的單元格，最好以單撇號作為前綴

這種格式可以通過剪貼板粘貼或從文件菜單打開。

Answer 5

另一種選擇可能是Apache POI ，具體取決於您實際需要實現的所有內容。

對於初學者來說，這兩種選擇都會很復雜; 簡單的方法是使用shell。