[英]MySQL sorting table by column names
我已經用任意順序的字段名稱構建了一個表。 我希望這些字段名稱按字母順序排列,以便可以在下拉列表中使用它們。 查詢可能嗎?
使用INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
從特定表中選擇列,並使用ORDER BY
按字母順序排序:
SELECT column_name
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
WHERE table_schema = '[schemaname]'
AND table_name = '[tablename]'
ORDER BY column_name
這應該可以解決問題。 這有點麻煩且冗長,您必須更改數據庫名稱和表名稱,但是對於此數據庫,唯一的要求是存在一個名為“ test”的數據庫,並且您要在其中運行以下命令:
讓我們創建所需的表:
-- CREATE TESTING TABLE IN A DATABASE NAMED "test"
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS alphabet;
CREATE TABLE alphabet (
d varchar(10) default 'dee' not null
, f varchar(21)
, e tinyint
, b int NOT NULL
, a varchar(1)
, c int default '3'
);
-- USE A COMMAND STORAGE TABLE
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS loadcommands;
CREATE TABLE loadcommands (
id INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT
, sqlcmd VARCHAR(1000)
, PRIMARY KEY (id)
);
現在,讓我們創建兩個工作所需的存儲過程:
將它們分開,因為一個人將負責加載命令,並包括一個游標以立即使用它(至少對我和我的mysql版本而言):
-- PROCEDURE TO LOAD COMMANDS FOR REORDERING
DELIMITER //
CREATE PROCEDURE reorder_loadcommands ()
BEGIN
DECLARE limitoffset INT;
SET @rank = 0;
SET @rankmain = 0;
SET @rankalter = 0;
SELECT COUNT(column_name) INTO limitoffset
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
WHERE table_schema = 'test'
AND table_name = 'alphabet';
INSERT INTO loadcommands (sqlcmd)
SELECT CONCAT(t1.cmd, t2.position) AS commander FROM (
SELECT @rankalter:=@rankalter+1 AS rankalter, CONCAT('ALTER TABLE '
, table_name, ' '
, 'MODIFY COLUMN ', column_name, ' '
, column_type, ' '
, CASE
WHEN character_set_name IS NOT NULL
THEN CONCAT('CHARACTER SET ', character_set_name, ' COLLATE ', collation_name, ' ')
ELSE ' '
END
, CASE
WHEN is_nullable = 'NO' AND column_default IS NULL
THEN 'NOT NULL '
WHEN is_nullable = 'NO' AND column_default IS NOT NULL
THEN CONCAT('DEFAULT \'', column_default, '\' NOT NULL ')
WHEN is_nullable = 'YES' THEN 'DEFAULT NULL '
END
) AS cmd
, column_name AS columnname
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
WHERE table_schema = 'test'
AND table_name = 'alphabet'
ORDER BY columnname
) t1
INNER JOIN (
SELECT @rankmain:=@rankmain+1 AS rownum, position FROM (
SELECT 0 AS rownum, 'FIRST' AS position
, '' AS columnname
UNION
SELECT @rank:=@rank+1 AS rownum, CONCAT('AFTER ', column_name) AS position
, column_name AS columnname
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
WHERE table_schema = 'test'
AND table_name = 'alphabet'
ORDER BY columnname
LIMIT limitoffset
) inner_table
) t2 ON t1.rankalter = t2.rownum
;
END//
DELIMITER ;
如果有人認為/發現我在ALTER
命令中缺少任何重要的列屬性,請不要猶豫,並提及它! 現在轉到下一個步驟。 這只是按照loadcommands
表中列id
的順序執行命令。 :
-- PROCEDURE TO RUN EACH REORDERING COMMAND
DELIMITER //
CREATE PROCEDURE reorder_executecommands ()
BEGIN
DECLARE sqlcommand VARCHAR(1000);
DECLARE isdone INT DEFAULT FALSE;
DECLARE reorderCursor CURSOR FOR
SELECT sqlcmd FROM loadcommands ORDER BY id;
DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR NOT FOUND SET isdone = TRUE;
OPEN reorderCursor;
read_loop:LOOP
FETCH reorderCursor INTO sqlcommand;
IF isdone THEN
LEAVE read_loop;
END IF;
SET @sqlcmd = sqlcommand;
PREPARE stmt FROM @sqlcmd;
EXECUTE stmt;
DEALLOCATE PREPARE stmt;
END LOOP read_loop;
CLOSE reorderCursor;
END//
DELIMITER ;
SQL很長,因此,如果有人可以指出(並對其進行了測試)使其更短,我會很樂意這樣做,但是就目前而言,這至少對我有效。 我也不需要將虛擬數據放在alphabet
中。 可以使用SHOW...
命令檢查結果。
最后一部分:
-- TO TEST; AFTER RUNNING DDL COMMANDS:
SHOW CREATE TABLE alphabet; -- SEE ORIGINAL ORDER
CALL reorder_loadcommands(); -- PREPARE COMMANDS
CALL reorder_executecommands(); -- RUN COMMANDS
SHOW CREATE TABLE alphabet; -- SEE NEW ORDER
也許以后我可以使reorder_loadcommands
動態化並接受表和模式參數,但是我想這一切現在都已解決。
這必須有所幫助
ALTER table `table_name`
MODIFY COLUMN `Field1` varchar(100)
AFTER `Field2`
您將在Field2之后得到Field1
即
場2
場1
聲明:本站的技術帖子網頁,遵循CC BY-SA 4.0協議,如果您需要轉載,請注明本站網址或者原文地址。任何問題請咨詢:yoyou2525@163.com.