Python & MySql: Unicode 和編碼

Question

我正在解析 json 數據並嘗試將一些 json 數據存儲到 Mysql 數據庫中。 我目前正在關注 unicode 錯誤。 我的問題是我應該如何處理這個問題。

• 我應該從數據庫端處理它，如果是這樣，我該如何修改我的表呢？
• 我應該從 python 端處理它嗎？

這是我的表結構

CREATE TABLE yahoo_questions (
   question_id varchar(40) NOT NULL, 
   question_subj varbinary(255), 
   question_content varbinary(255),
   question_userId varchar(40) NOT NULL,
   question_timestamp varchar(40),
   category_id varbinary(20) NOT NULL,
   category_name varchar(40) NOT NULL,
   choosen_answer varbinary(255),
   choosen_userId varchar(40),
   choosen_usernick varchar(40),
   choosen_ans_timestamp varchar(40),
   UNIQUE (question_id)
);

通過 python 代碼插入時出錯：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "YahooQueryData.py", line 78, in <module>
    +"VALUES (%s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s)", (row[2], row[5], row[6], quserId, questionTime, categoryId, categoryName, qChosenAnswer, choosenUserId, choosenNickName, choosenTimeStamp))
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 159, in execute
    query = query % db.literal(args)
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/site-packages/MySQLdb/connections.py", line 264, in literal
    return self.escape(o, self.encoders)
  File "/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/site-packages/MySQLdb/connections.py", line 202, in unicode_literal
    return db.literal(u.encode(unicode_literal.charset))
UnicodeEncodeError: 'latin-1' codec can't encode characters in position 204-230: ordinal not in range(256)

Python 代碼段：

    #pushing user id to the url to get full json stack
    urlobject = urllib.urlopen(base_url.format(row[2]))
    qnadatajson = urlobject.read()
    data = json.loads(qnadatajson)
cur.execute("INSERT INTO yahoo_questions (question_id, question_subj, question_content, question_userId, question_timestamp,"
            +"category_id, category_name, choosen_answer, choosen_userId, choosen_usernick, choosen_ans_timestamp)"
            +"VALUES (%s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s)", (row[2], row[5], row[6], quserId, questionTime, categoryId, categoryName, qChosenAnswer, choosenUserId, choosenNickName, choosenTimeStamp))

json結構

questions: [
{
Id: "20111201185322AA5HTDc",
Subject: "what are the new pokemon call?",
Content: "I used to know them I stop at dialga and palkia version and I heard there's new ones what's it call
",
Date: "2011-12-01 18:53:22",
Timestamp: "1322794402",

在運行查詢之前我還做了什么我在mysql SET character_set_client = utf8上執行以下操作

這就是 mysql 變量的樣子：

mysql> SHOW variables LIKE '%character_set%';
+--------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                                                  |
+--------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                                                   |
| character_set_connection | utf8                                                   |
| character_set_database   | latin1                                                 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                                                 |
| character_set_results    | utf8                                                   |
| character_set_server     | latin1                                                 |
| character_set_system     | utf8                                                   |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/local/mysql-5.5.10-osx10.6-x86_64/share/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

Answer 1

我認為您的MYSQLdb python庫不知道應該將其編碼為utf8，並且正在編碼為默認的python系統定義的charset latin1 。

當您connect()到數據庫時，傳遞charset='utf8'參數。 這也應該不需要手動的SET NAMES或SET character_set_client 。

Answer 2

首先，確保在建立MySQL連接時分配了charset和use_unicode參數：

conn = mysql.connect(host='127.0.0.1',
                     user='user',
                     passwd='passwd',
                     db='db',
                     charset='utf8',
                     use_unicode=True)

其次，在實際查詢數據庫時使用准備好的語句 。 下面是一個包含Unicode字符的字符串的INSERT查詢示例。

cursor.execute('INSERT INTO mytable VALUES (null, %s)',                  
               ('Some string that contains unicode: ' + unichr(300),))

Answer 3

仍然面臨同樣的問題，
嘗試降級您的 mysql-connector-python 版本，這對我有用。

將mysql-connector-python==8.0.30 更改為mysql-connector-python==8.0.28 。

復制這個，

pip uninstall mysql-connector-python==8.0.30

pip install mysql-connector-python==8.0.28