Ruby on Rails將CSV導入MySQL

Question

新手問題....

試圖在rails中啟動項目。 我有不同的csv格式的電子表格我想導入MySQL數據庫，以便能夠操縱數據。

在瀏覽stackoverflow，谷歌等之后，我寫了一個rake任務，需要更快的工作才能完成這項工作。 我一直在收到錯誤，希望你能提供幫助。

... 好吧所以我改變了代碼使用'csv'vs'fastcsv'......仍然出錯 。 見下文

耙文件的新代碼（取3）：

require 'csv'

desc "Import gac from csv file"
task :import => [:environment] do

  file = "gac.csv"

  CSV.foreach(file, :headers => true) do |row|
    Institution.create({
    :institution_name => row[0],
    :website => row[1],    
    :email => row[2],
    :category_1 => row[3],
    :category_2 => row[4],
    :category_3 => row[5],
    :category_4 => row[6],
    :category_5 => row[7],
    :category_6 => row[8],
    :category_7 => row[9],
    :category_8 => row[10],
    :category_9 => row[11],
    :category_10 => row[12],
    :category_11 => row[13],
    :institution_description => row[14]
    })
  end
end

錯誤代碼：

Daves-MacBook-Pro:vendor dave$ rake import --trace
** Invoke import (first_time)
** Invoke environment (first_time)
** Execute environment
** Execute import
rake aborted!
invalid byte sequence in UTF-8
/Users/dave/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p0/lib/ruby/1.9.1/csv.rb:1855:in `sub!'
/Users/dave/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p0/lib/ruby/1.9.1/csv.rb:1855:in `block in shift'
/Users/dave/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p0/lib/ruby/1.9.1/csv.rb:1849:in `loop'
/Users/dave/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p0/lib/ruby/1.9.1/csv.rb:1849:in `shift'
/Users/dave/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p0/lib/ruby/1.9.1/csv.rb:1791:in `each'
/Users/dave/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p0/lib/ruby/1.9.1/csv.rb:1208:in `block in foreach'
/Users/dave/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p0/lib/ruby/1.9.1/csv.rb:1354:in `open'
/Users/dave/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p0/lib/ruby/1.9.1/csv.rb:1207:in `foreach'
/Users/dave/rails_projects/vendor/lib/tasks/import.rake:8:in `block in <top (required)>'
/Users/dave/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:205:in `call'
/Users/dave/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:205:in `block in execute'
/Users/dave/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:200:in `each'
/Users/dave/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:200:in `execute'
/Users/dave/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:158:in `block in invoke_with_call_chain'
/Users/dave/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p0/lib/ruby/1.9.1/monitor.rb:211:in `mon_synchronize'
/Users/dave/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:151:in `invoke_with_call_chain'
/Users/dave/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:144:in `invoke'
/Users/dave/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:116:in `invoke_task'
/Users/dave/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:94:in `block (2 levels) in top_level'
/Users/dave/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:94:in `each'
/Users/dave/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:94:in `block in top_level'
/Users/dave/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:133:in `standard_exception_handling'
/Users/dave/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:88:in `top_level'
/Users/dave/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:66:in `block in run'
/Users/dave/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:133:in `standard_exception_handling'
/Users/dave/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:63:in `run'
/Users/dave/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/bin/rake:33:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/dave/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0/bin/rake:19:in `load'
/Users/dave/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0/bin/rake:19:in `<main>'
Tasks: TOP => import

Answer 1

LIB /任務/ import.rake

require 'csv'

desc "Import gac from csv file"
task :import => [:environment] do

  file = "vender/gac.csv"

  CSV.foreach(file, :headers => true) do |row|
    Putthemodelnamehere.create ({
      :columnnamewhatever => row[1],
      :columnname => row[2],
      :columnname => row[4]
    })
  end
end

然后只需運行rake import或bundle exec rake import。 希望這有幫助（這不是使用fastercsv，但這是我推薦的解決方案。）

Answer 2

確保您在app/models定義了Institution模型類和/或確保您已運行db migration（s）（ rake db:migrate ）來創建INSTIT表 - 假設您使用了生成器（或scaffold）創建模型。

Answer 3

你得到的錯誤可能是因為你的csv中有些東西沒有為UTF-8正確編碼。

處理這種情況的一種方法是強制編碼。 您可以執行以下操作：

對於您上面的每個關聯，請執行以下操作：

:category_1 => row[3].encode("UTF-8", replace: ' '),

希望這對你有用。