使用C ++中的類對復數進行加法和減法

Question

我在這里有一個代碼，應該向用戶詢問兩組實數和虛數。

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

class Complex {
    public:
        double r;
        double i;
    public:
        Complex();
        void add(Complex, Complex);
        void subtract(Complex, Complex);
        void print();
};



Complex::Complex() {
    r = i = 0;
}

void Complex::add (Complex op1, Complex op2) {
    r = op1.r+op2.r;
    i = op1.i+op2.i;
}

void Complex::subtract (Complex op1, Complex op2) {
     r = op1.r-op2.r;
     i = op1.i-op2.i;
}

void Complex::print () {
    cout << r << i;
}

int main () {
    Complex operand1, operand2, result;
    cout << "Input real part for operand one: " << endl;
    cin >> operand1.r;
    cout << "Input imaginary part for operand one: " << endl;
    cin >> operand1.i;
    cout << "Input real part for operand two: " << endl;
    cin >> operand2.r;
    cout << "Input imaginary part for operand two: " << endl;
    cin >> operand2.i;
    result.add(operand1, operand2);
    cout << "The sum is " << result.add << endl;
    result.subtract(operand1, operand2);
    cout << "The difference is " << result.subtract << endl;
}

但是，當我編譯程序時，會顯示很多錯誤（std :: basic_ostream），我什至沒有得到。

我遇到的另一個問題是函數void :: Complex print。 cout本身內部應該有條件。 不，如果不是。 但是我不知道該怎么辦。
該程序必須像這樣運行：
輸入操作數一的實數部分：5
輸入操作數一的虛部：2（虛部的i不應該寫）
輸入操作數二的實數部分：8
輸入操作數二的虛部：1（再次，我不應輸入）
/ 然后將打印輸入的數字 /
（5，2i）//這次是一個i
（8，1i）
/ 然后答案 /
總和是13 + 3i。
區別是-3，1i。 //或-3，我

請幫我！ 我是C ++和Stackoverflow的新手，我們將非常感謝您的幫助。 非常感謝你！

Answer 1

線

cout <<“總和為” << result.add << endl;

是不正確的，因為add是一種方法，所以result.add將是該方法的指針，而cout不知道如何處理它-這會使編譯器將其吐出。

將行更改為

cout << "The sum is ";
result.print();
cout << endl;

您需要為生產線做同樣的事情

cout << "The difference is " << result.subtract << endl;

關於編碼樣式，這兩種方法都覆蓋了現有的復數。 也許具有這樣的功能會更好

Complex &Complex::add (const Complex &op) { 
    r += op.r; 
    i += op.i;
    return *this;
}

這使您可以將加法鏈接在一起，也可以僅將一個復數添加到現有的復數中。

另外，您可以將類變量r和i私有。 這將需要替代的構造函數：

Complex:Complex(double real, double imaginary) : r(real), i(imaginary) {};

最后，您不妨考慮運算符重載-我相信您可以在Google上找到合適的教程。

Answer 2

請稍做修正再試一次

    #include <iostream.h>
    class Complex {
        public:
        double r; //real part
        double i; //imaginary part
        public:
        void add(Complex, Complex);
        void subtract(Complex, Complex);
        void print();
    };

    void Complex::add (Complex op1, Complex op2) {
        r = op1.r + op2.r;
        i = op1.i + op2.i;
    }

    void Complex::subtract (Complex op1, Complex op2) {
         r = op1.r - op2.r;
         i = op1.i - op2.i;
    }

    void Complex::print () {
        cout << "("<<r<<", " << i <<")";
    }

    void main () {
        Complex operand1, operand2, result;
        cout << "\nInput real part for operand one: " << endl;
        cin >> operand1.r;
        cout << "Input imaginary part for operand one: " << endl;
        cin >> operand1.i;
        cout << "Input real part for operand two: " << endl;
        cin >> operand2.r;
        cout << "Input imaginary part for operand two: " << endl;
        cin >> operand2.i;
        cout << "\nThe sum is ";
        result.add(operand1, operand2);
        result.print();
        cout << "\nThe difference is ";
        result.subtract(operand1, operand2);
        result.print();
    }

Answer 3

您已經在使用std ::名稱空間。 只需在其中使用復數庫即可，如以下答案所示： 使用類添加復數

Answer 4

我也在使用Complex Numbers，這是我的ComplexNumbers.h文件：

#include <iostream> // for std namespace
class ComplexNumber
{
    public:
        ComplexNumber();
        ComplexNumber(float RealPart, float ImaginaryPart);
        ComplexNumber(ComplexNumber &NewComplexNumber);
        void SetRealPart(float RealPart);
        void SetImaginaryPart(float ImaginaryPart);
        friend ComplexNumber operator+(const ComplexNumber Complex1, const ComplexNumber Complex2);
        friend ComplexNumber operator-(const ComplexNumber Complex1, const ComplexNumber Complex2);
        friend std::ostream & operator<<(std::ostream &output, const ComplexNumber &NumberToDsiplay);
        friend std::istream & operator >>(std::istream &input, ComplexNumber &NumberToInput);
        bool operator==(const ComplexNumber Complex);
        bool operator!=(const ComplexNumber Complex);

    private:
        float RealPart;
        float ImaginaryPart;
};

.cpp文件是這樣的：

#include "Complex Numbers.h"

ComplexNumber::ComplexNumber()
{
    RealPart = 0;
    ImaginaryPart = 0;
}

ComplexNumber::ComplexNumber(float RealPart, float ImaginaryPart)
{
    SetRealPart(RealPart);
    SetImaginaryPart(ImaginaryPart);
}

ComplexNumber::ComplexNumber(ComplexNumber &NewComplexNumber)
{
    RealPart = NewComplexNumber.RealPart;
    ImaginaryPart = NewComplexNumber.ImaginaryPart;
}

void ComplexNumber::SetRealPart(float RealPart)
{
    this->RealPart=RealPart;
}

void ComplexNumber::SetImaginaryPart(float ImaginaryPart)
{
    this->ImaginaryPart=ImaginaryPart;
}

ComplexNumber operator+(const ComplexNumber Complex1, const ComplexNumber Complex2)
{
    ComplexNumber TemporaryComplexNumber;
    TemporaryComplexNumber.RealPart = Complex1.RealPart + Complex2.RealPart;
    TemporaryComplexNumber.ImaginaryPart = Complex1.ImaginaryPart + Complex2.ImaginaryPart;

    return TemporaryComplexNumber;
}

ComplexNumber operator-(const ComplexNumber Complex1, const ComplexNumber Complex2)
{
    ComplexNumber TemporaryComplexNumber;
    TemporaryComplexNumber.RealPart = Complex1.RealPart - Complex2.RealPart;
    TemporaryComplexNumber.ImaginaryPart = Complex1.ImaginaryPart - Complex2.ImaginaryPart;

    return TemporaryComplexNumber;
}


std::ostream & operator<<(std::ostream &output, const ComplexNumber &NumberToDsiplay)
{
    if(NumberToDsiplay.ImaginaryPart > 0)
        output << NumberToDsiplay.RealPart << "+" << NumberToDsiplay.ImaginaryPart << "i";
    else if(NumberToDsiplay.ImaginaryPart < 0)
        output << NumberToDsiplay.RealPart << "" << NumberToDsiplay.ImaginaryPart << "i";
    else
        output << NumberToDsiplay.RealPart << "+" << NumberToDsiplay.ImaginaryPart << "i";
    return output;
}

std::istream & operator >>(std::istream &input, ComplexNumber &NumberToInput)
{
    std::cout << "Enter the real part: ";
    input >> NumberToInput.RealPart;
    std::cout << "Enter the imaginary part: ";
    input >> NumberToInput.ImaginaryPart;
}

bool ComplexNumber::operator==(const ComplexNumber Complex)
{
    return RealPart==Complex.RealPart && ImaginaryPart==Complex.ImaginaryPart;
}

bool ComplexNumber::operator!=(const ComplexNumber Complex)
{
    if(RealPart != Complex.RealPart && ImaginaryPart != Complex.ImaginaryPart)
            return true;
    else if(RealPart != Complex.RealPart && (!(ImaginaryPart != Complex.ImaginaryPart)))
            return true;
    else if(ImaginaryPart != Complex.ImaginaryPart && (!(RealPart != Complex.RealPart)))
        return true;

    return false;
}

Answer 5

在main中，調用result.add之后，如果不返回任何內容，則將相同的函數放入cout流中。 我想你是想寫cout <<“總和” << result.print（）;