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帶有Hibernate的JPA - 如果實現復合鍵，則缺少列

[英]JPA with Hibernate - Missing Column if implementing composite keys

 原文  2012-03-22 18:39:35  1   3    java/ mysql/ spring/ hibernate/ jpa

問題描述

JPA / Hibernate缺少列

我使用JPA和Hibernate作為提供者。 我有一個實體類，它有一個id列作為主鍵。 這工作正常，但我現在必須修改它，因此主鍵是由兩列組成的復合鍵。 要實現復合鍵，我在這里使用的示例如何創建復合主鍵hibernate JPA？

以下是最后的課程：

主鍵 

@Embeddable
public class DocumentPK implements Serializable {


    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    @Basic(optional = false)
    @Column(name="P_ID")
    private String pId;

    @Basic(optional = false)
    @Column(name="P_NAME")
    private String pName;

    public DocumentPK() {
    }

    public DocumentPK(String pId, int pName) {
        this.pId = pId;
        this.pName = pName;
    }

    public String getPId() {
        return pId;
    }

    public void setPId(String pId) {
        this.pId = pId;
    }

    public String getPName() {
        return pName;
    }

    public void setPName(String pName) {
        this.pName = pName;
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        int hash = 0;
        hash += (pId != null ? pId.hashCode() : 0);
        hash += (int) pName;
        return hash;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object object) {
        // TODO: Warning - this method won't work in the case the id fields are not set
        if (!(object instanceof DocumentPK)) {
            return false;
        }
        DocumentPK other = (DocumentPK) object;
        if ((this.pId == null && other.pId != null) || (this.pId != null && !this.pId.equals(other.pId))) {
            return false;
        }
        if (this.pName != other.pName) {
            return false;
        }
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "[ pId=" + pId + ", pName=" + pName + " ]";
    }    
}

在實現上述主鍵之后，我更新了實體類以“嵌入”主鍵，如下所示。 

@Entity
@Table(name="DOCUMENTS")

public class CustomerDocument implements Serializable{

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 6373600479711119252L;

    private     DocumentPK  id; 
    private     String  p_code;

    @EmbeddedId
    public DocumentPK getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(DocumentPK id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    @Column(name="P_CODE")
    public String getPCode() {
        return p_code;
    }       
}

現在我檢查了'DOCUMENTS'表，所有列都在那里。 我甚至使用相同的用戶登錄到MySQL，我可以看到表格和相關列。 如果我執行上述操作，則會抱怨沒有找到P_ID列。 我忘記了什么嗎？ 

18:30:45,279 ERROR [TestContextManager] Caught exception while allowing TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener@1d349e2] to prepare test instance [com.bt.msm.ds.dao.BatchNumberDaoTest@97d3f0]
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext
    at org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.getApplicationContext(TestContext.java:157)
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:109)
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:75)
    at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:321)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:211)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:288)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:290)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:231)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:46)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:180)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:41)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:173)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:28)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:31)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:71)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:220)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:174)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'org.springframework.dao.annotation.PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor#0' defined in class path resource [my-spring-ds.xml]: Initialization of bean failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' defined in class path resource [my-spring-jpa.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is javax.persistence.PersistenceException: [PersistenceUnit: myPersistenceUnit] Unable to build EntityManagerFactory
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:527)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:456)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:294)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:225)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:291)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:197)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.registerBeanPostProcessors(AbstractApplicationContext.java:728)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:449)
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:103)
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:1)
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.DelegatingSmartContextLoader.loadContext(DelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:228)
    at org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.loadApplicationContext(TestContext.java:124)
    at org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.getApplicationContext(TestContext.java:148)
    ... 24 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' defined in class path resource [msm-spring-jpa.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is javax.persistence.PersistenceException: [PersistenceUnit: myPersistenceUnit] Unable to build EntityManagerFactory
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1455)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:519)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:456)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:294)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:225)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:291)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:197)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.getBeansOfType(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:400)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactoryUtils.beansOfTypeIncludingAncestors(BeanFactoryUtils.java:275)
    at org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.detectPersistenceExceptionTranslators(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:139)
    at org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.<init>(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:79)
    at org.springframework.dao.annotation.PersistenceExceptionTranslationAdvisor.<init>(PersistenceExceptionTranslationAdvisor.java:70)
    at org.springframework.dao.annotation.PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor.setBeanFactory(PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor.java:103)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeAwareMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1475)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1443)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:519)
    ... 36 more
Caused by: javax.persistence.PersistenceException: [PersistenceUnit: myPersistenceUnit] Unable to build EntityManagerFactory
    at org.hibernate.ejb.Ejb3Configuration.buildEntityManagerFactory(Ejb3Configuration.java:892)
    at org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence.createContainerEntityManagerFactory(HibernatePersistence.java:73)
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.createNativeEntityManagerFactory(LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:257)
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:310)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1514)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1452)
    ... 51 more
Caused by: org.hibernate.HibernateException: Missing column: pId in mydb.documents
    at org.hibernate.mapping.Table.validateColumns(Table.java:277)
    at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.validateSchema(Configuration.java:1174)
    at org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaValidator.validate(SchemaValidator.java:139)
    at org.hibernate.impl.SessionFactoryImpl.<init>(SessionFactoryImpl.java:387)
    at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.buildSessionFactory(Configuration.java:1385)
    at org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration.buildSessionFactory(AnnotationConfiguration.java:954)
    at org.hibernate.ejb.Ejb3Configuration.buildEntityManagerFactory(Ejb3Configuration.java:883)
    ... 56 more

3 個解決方案

解決方案1
 2 已采納  2012-03-22 19:23:08

我現在沒有任何東西可以測試它，但是嘗試將@EmbeddedId放在id-field而不是方法上。 如果它不起作用，請嘗試這樣做：

DocumentPK： 

public class DocumentPK implements Serializable {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    private String pId;

    private String pName;
    /* The rest of the class, notice the missing annotations */

CustomerDocument： 

@Entity
@Table(name="DOCUMENTS")
@IdClass(DocumentPK.class)
public class CustomerDocument implements Serializable{

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 6373600479711119252L;

    @Id
    @Column(name="P_ID", nullable=false)
    private String pId;

    @Id
    @Column(name="P_NAME", nullable=false)
    private String pName;

    private     String  p_code;

    /* Getters and setters */

解決方案2
 1  2012-03-22 19:02:09

你的P_ID的getter和setter是錯誤的 

   public String getpId() {
      return pId;
   }

   public void setpId(String pId) {
      this.pId = pId;
   }

應該 

public String getPId() {
    return pId;
}

public void setPId(String pId) {
    this.pId = pId;
}

希望有所幫助

更新：我使用了復合鍵以及我在代碼中的配置方式，我提出的建議很少。 

@Embeddable
public class DocumentPK implements Serializable {
    
    @Column(name="P_ID")
    private String pId;

    
    @Column(name="P_NAME")
    private String pName;

    //get set………
}


@Entity
@Table(name="DOCUMENTS")
public class CustomerDocument implements Serializable{

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 6373600479711119252L;

    @Id
    private     DocumentPK  id; 
    private     String  p_code;//hoping this is not typo better pCode

   //get set ……   
}

在類似的基礎上設置適合我。

解決方案3
 1  2012-03-24 07:29:16

不久

將@Access（AccessType.FIELD）添加到DocumentPK類（如果您的實現支持JPA 2.0）或將注釋從字段移動到方法（也適用於JPA 1.0實現）。

詳情

正如您從日志中的錯誤消息中看到的那樣：缺少列： pId ，因此它與“未找到P_ID列” 無關 。 在DocumentPK中進行注釋： 

 @Column(name="P_ID")

在你的情況下沒有效果，因為（從JPA 2.0規范）：

可嵌入類的訪問類型由實體類的訪問類型，映射的超類或嵌入它的嵌入類（包括作為元素集合的成員）決定，而與包含類的訪問類型是否具有已明確指定或默認。 可以通過如上所述的Access注釋為該可嵌入類指定可嵌入類的不同訪問類型。

DocumentPK字段中的注釋沒有效果，因為它的訪問類型是AccessType.PROPERTY。 此訪問類型派生自CustomerDocument。 CustomerDocument確實使用屬性訪問，因為找到的第一個映射注釋是for方法（再次來自JPA 2.0規范）：

實體層次結構的默認訪問類型由映射注釋放置在實體類的屬性和未明確指定訪問類型的實體層次結構的映射超類中確定。

要使其工作，您必須使用@Access注釋更改嵌入類中的訪問類型，或者將注釋從字段移動到方法。

另外：您的代碼無法編譯，因為有時您將pName視為String，有時將其視為int。 同樣在“Java世界”中，通常的做法是使用camelCase名稱而不是下划線作為單詞分隔符。 您還可以合並字段和方法的名稱。

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