檢查 Excel 工作簿是否從另一個 Office 2010 應用程序打開

Question

這是從上一個問題繼續的。 我嘗試了建議的修復程序來檢查 Excel 文件是否從 Outlook 宏 (Office 2010) 在本地打開。

Public Sub UpdateFileIndex(ByVal FullFilePath As String, ByVal DocNo As String)
    Dim xlApp As Excel.Application
    Dim xlBook As Excel.Workbook
    Dim xlSheet As Excel.WorkSheet
    
    On Error Resume Next
    Set xlApp = GetObject(FullFilePath).Application
    Debug.Print "Error = " & Err

    If Err.Number = 0 Then ' Workbook is open locally
        ' Do stuff
    ElseIf Err.Number = 429 Then ' Workbook is not open locally
        ' Do different stuff
    End If

    ' Do a bunch of other stuff
End Sub

現在對於FullFilePath給出的打開或關閉的文件（例如"C:\Data\Data.xlsx" ）：

• Set xlApp = GetObject(FullFilePath).Application

無論哪種方式都給我 0 個錯誤。 （即，如果文件未打開，它會打開文件。）

• Set xlApp = GetObject(Dir(FullFilePath)).Application

兩種情況都給我 -214722120。 （自動化錯誤）

• Set xlApp = GetObject(, "Excel.Application")

打開時給我 0，不打開時給我 429。 見下文。

• Set xlApp = GetObject(Dir(FullFilePath), "Excel.Application")

兩種情況都給我 432。 （在自動化操作期間找不到文件名或類名）

• Set xlApp = GetObject(FullFilePath, "Excel.Application")

兩種情況都給我 432。

因此，唯一可行的情況是最初建議的修復（請參閱頂部的鏈接），除非它是在本地打開的 Excel 的第一個實例中，否則無法找到該文件，但情況可能並非總是如此（即它可能會在一秒鍾內打開）實例）。

最后我想檢查文件是否在網絡上打開，如果是，檢查它是否在本地打開。

Answer 1

如果您打開了多個 Excel 實例，那么這就是我的建議。

邏輯

1. 檢查您的工作簿是否打開。 如果沒有打開，則打開它。
2. 如果它是打開的，那么它可以在任何 Excel 實例中。
3. 找到 Excel 實例並與相關工作簿綁定。

遺憾的是，除非您關閉該 Excel 實例，否則GetObject每次都會返回相同的實例。 也沒有可靠的方法讓它遍歷所有 Excel 實例。 談到可靠性，我會將您的注意力轉向 API。 我們將使用的 3 個 API 是FindWindowEx 、 GetDesktopWindow和AccessibleObjectFromWindow&

請參閱此示例（在 EXCEL 2010 中經過嘗試和測試）

Option Explicit

Private Declare Function FindWindowEx Lib "user32" Alias "FindWindowExA" _
(ByVal hWnd1 As Long, ByVal hWnd2 As Long, ByVal lpsz1 As String, _
ByVal lpsz2 As String) As Long

Private Declare Function GetDesktopWindow Lib "user32" () As Long

Private Declare Function AccessibleObjectFromWindow& Lib "oleacc" _
(ByVal hwnd&, ByVal dwId&, riid As GUID, xlWB As Object)

Private Const OBJID_NATIVEOM = &HFFFFFFF0

Private Type GUID
    lData1 As Long
    iData2 As Integer
    iData3 As Integer
    aBData4(0 To 7) As Byte
End Type

Sub Sample()
    Dim Ret
    Dim oXLApp As Object, wb As Object
    Dim sPath As String, sFileName As String, SFile As String, filewithoutExt As String
    Dim IDispatch As GUID

    sPath = "C:\Users\Chris\Desktop\"
    sFileName = "Data.xlsx": filewithoutExt = "Data"
    SFile = sPath & sFileName

    Ret = IsWorkBookOpen(SFile)

    '~~> If file is open
    If Ret = True Then
        Dim dsktpHwnd As Long, hwnd As Long, mWnd As Long, cWnd As Long

        SetIDispatch IDispatch

        dsktpHwnd = GetDesktopWindow

        hwnd = FindWindowEx(dsktpHwnd, 0&, "XLMAIN", vbNullString)

        mWnd = FindWindowEx(hwnd, 0&, "XLDESK", vbNullString)

        While mWnd <> 0 And cWnd = 0
            cWnd = FindWindowEx(mWnd, 0&, "EXCEL7", filewithoutExt)
            hwnd = FindWindowEx(dsktpHwnd, hwnd, "XLMAIN", vbNullString)
            mWnd = FindWindowEx(hwnd, 0&, "XLDESK", vbNullString)
        Wend

        '~~> We got the handle of the Excel instance which has the file
        If cWnd > 0 Then
            '~~> Bind with the Instance
            Call AccessibleObjectFromWindow(cWnd, OBJID_NATIVEOM, IDispatch, wb)
            '~~> Work with the file
            With wb.Application.Workbooks(sFileName)
                '
                '~~> Rest of the code
                '
            End With
        End If

    '~~> If file is not open
    Else
        On Error Resume Next
        Set oXLApp = GetObject(, "Excel.Application")

        '~~> If not found then create new instance
        If Err.Number <> 0 Then
            Set oXLApp = CreateObject("Excel.Application")
        End If
        Err.Clear
        On Error GoTo 0

        Set wb = oXLApp.Workbooks.Open(SFile)
        '
        '~~> Rest of the code
        '
    End If
End Sub

Private Sub SetIDispatch(ByRef ID As GUID)
    With ID
        .lData1 = &H20400
        .iData2 = &H0
        .iData3 = &H0
        .aBData4(0) = &HC0
        .aBData4(1) = &H0
        .aBData4(2) = &H0
        .aBData4(3) = &H0
        .aBData4(4) = &H0
        .aBData4(5) = &H0
        .aBData4(6) = &H0
        .aBData4(7) = &H46
    End With
End Sub

'~~> Function to check if file is open
Function IsWorkBookOpen(FileName As String)
    Dim ff As Long, ErrNo As Long

    On Error Resume Next
    ff = FreeFile()
    Open FileName For Input Lock Read As #ff
    Close ff
    ErrNo = Err
    On Error GoTo 0

    Select Case ErrNo
    Case 0:    IsWorkBookOpen = False
    Case 70:   IsWorkBookOpen = True
    Case Else: Error ErrNo
    End Select
End Function

Answer 2

要查看 Excel 文件是否打開，您可以使用此功能。

Sub Sample()
    Dim Ret
    Dim sFile As String

    sFile = "C:\Users\Chris\Desktop\Data.xlsx"
    Ret = IsWorkBookOpen(sFile)

    If Ret = True Then
        MsgBox "File is Open"
    Else
        MsgBox "File is not Open"
    End If
End Sub

'~~> Function to check if file is open
Function IsWorkBookOpen(FileName As String)
    Dim ff As Long, ErrNo As Long

    On Error Resume Next
    ff = FreeFile()
    Open FileName For Input Lock Read As #ff
    Close ff
    ErrNo = Err
    On Error GoTo 0

    Select Case ErrNo
    Case 0:    IsWorkBookOpen = False
    Case 70:   IsWorkBookOpen = True
    Case Else: Error ErrNo
    End Select
End Function

Answer 3

以下只需要工作簿文件名，不需要完整路徑：

Sub IsOpen()
 With CreateObject("Word.Application")
    If .Tasks.exists("Workbook.xlsb") Then MsgBox "The Workbook is open"
    .Quit
 End With
End Sub

即使工作簿在不同的 Excel 實例中打開，這也會成功。

（是的，即使您對 Excel 感興趣，您也會使用Word.Application對象……）

如果您想通過完全限定路徑檢查文件，請使用此答案中的函數。

Answer 4

您可以檢查文件是否打開，如果打開則獲取對象

Public Shared Function isFileAlreadyOpen(ByVal xlFileName As String) As Boolean
    Return CBool(Not getIfBookOpened(xlFileName) Is Nothing)
End Function

Public Shared Function getIfBookOpened(ByVal xlFileName As String) As Excel.Workbook
    Dim wbBook As Excel.Workbook
    Dim xlProcs() As Process = Process.GetProcessesByName("EXCEL")
    If xlProcs.Count > 0 Then
        Dim xlApp As Excel.Application = CType(System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.GetActiveObject("Excel.Application"), Excel.Application)
        For Each wbBook In xlApp.Workbooks
            If wbBook.FullName.ToUpper = xlFileName.ToUpper Then
                Return wbBook
                Exit For
            End If
        Next
    End If
    Return Nothing
End Function

要么

Public Shared Function getOrOpenBook(ByVal xlFileName As String) As Excel.Workbook
    Return System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.BindToMoniker(xlFileName)
End Function