以編程方式獲取 Android 設備的 MAC

Question

我需要使用 Java 獲取我的 android 設備的 MAC 地址。 我在網上搜索過，但沒有找到任何有用的東西。

Answer 1

正如評論中已經指出的那樣，可以通過WifiManager接收 MAC 地址。

WifiManager manager = (WifiManager) getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE);
WifiInfo info = manager.getConnectionInfo();
String address = info.getMacAddress();

也不要忘記將適當的權限添加到您的AndroidManifest.xml

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE"/>

請參閱Android 6.0 更改。

為了給用戶提供更好的數據保護，從這個版本開始，Android 移除了對使用 Wi-Fi 和藍牙 API 的應用程序的設備本地硬件標識符的編程訪問。 WifiInfo.getMacAddress() 和 BluetoothAdapter.getAddress() 方法現在返回 02:00:00:00:00:00 的常量值。

要通過藍牙和 Wi-Fi 掃描訪問附近外部設備的硬件標識符，您的應用現在必須具有 ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION 或 ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION 權限。

Answer 2

通過WifiInfo.getMacAddress()獲取 MAC 地址在 Marshmallow 及更高版本上不起作用，它已被禁用並將返回02:00:00:00:00:00的常量值。

Answer 3

public static String getMacAddr() {
    try {
        List<NetworkInterface> all = Collections.list(NetworkInterface.getNetworkInterfaces());
        for (NetworkInterface nif : all) {
            if (!nif.getName().equalsIgnoreCase("wlan0")) continue;

            byte[] macBytes = nif.getHardwareAddress();
            if (macBytes == null) {
                return "";
            }

            StringBuilder res1 = new StringBuilder();
            for (byte b : macBytes) {
                res1.append(String.format("%02X:",b));
            }

            if (res1.length() > 0) {
                res1.deleteCharAt(res1.length() - 1);
            }
            return res1.toString();
        }
    } catch (Exception ex) {
    }
    return "02:00:00:00:00:00";
}

Answer 4

我從http://robinhenniges.com/en/android6-get-mac-address-programmatically創建了這個解決方案，它對我有用！ 希望有所幫助！

public static String getMacAddr() {
    try {
        List<NetworkInterface> all = Collections.list(NetworkInterface.getNetworkInterfaces());
        for (NetworkInterface nif : all) {
            if (!nif.getName().equalsIgnoreCase("wlan0")) continue;

            byte[] macBytes = nif.getHardwareAddress();
            if (macBytes == null) {
                return "";
            }

            StringBuilder res1 = new StringBuilder();
            for (byte b : macBytes) {
                String hex = Integer.toHexString(b & 0xFF);
                if (hex.length() == 1)
                    hex = "0".concat(hex);
                res1.append(hex.concat(":"));
            }

            if (res1.length() > 0) {
                res1.deleteCharAt(res1.length() - 1);
            }
            return res1.toString();
        }
    } catch (Exception ex) {
    }
    return "";
}

Answer 5

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE" />

public String getMacAddress(Context context) {
    WifiManager wimanager = (WifiManager) context.getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE);
    String macAddress = wimanager.getConnectionInfo().getMacAddress();
    if (macAddress == null) {
        macAddress = "Device don't have mac address or wi-fi is disabled";
    }
    return macAddress;
}

這里有其他方式

Answer 6

它與棉花糖一起工作

package com.keshav.fetchmacaddress;

import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;

import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.NetworkInterface;
import java.net.SocketException;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        Log.e("keshav","getMacAddr -> " +getMacAddr());
    }

    public static String getMacAddr() {
        try {
            List<NetworkInterface> all = Collections.list(NetworkInterface.getNetworkInterfaces());
            for (NetworkInterface nif : all) {
                if (!nif.getName().equalsIgnoreCase("wlan0")) continue;

                byte[] macBytes = nif.getHardwareAddress();
                if (macBytes == null) {
                    return "";
                }

                StringBuilder res1 = new StringBuilder();
                for (byte b : macBytes) {
                    res1.append(Integer.toHexString(b & 0xFF) + ":");
                }

                if (res1.length() > 0) {
                    res1.deleteCharAt(res1.length() - 1);
                }
                return res1.toString();
            }
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            //handle exception
        }
        return "";
    }
}

Answer 7

您無法再獲取 android 設備的硬件 MAC 地址。 WifiInfo.getMacAddress() 和 BluetoothAdapter.getAddress() 方法將返回 02:00:00:00:00:00。 此限制是在 Android 6.0 中引入的。

但是 Rob Anderson 找到了一個適用於 < Marshmallow 的解決方案： https ://stackoverflow.com/a/35830358

Answer 8

我自己測試了這個代碼，無論什么可用，它都會為你提供WiFi或以太網mac地址。

 public static String getMacAddr() {
    try {
      List<NetworkInterface> all = Collections.list(NetworkInterface.getNetworkInterfaces());
      for (NetworkInterface nif : all) {
        if (!nif.getName().equalsIgnoreCase("wlan0")) continue;

        byte[] macBytes = nif.getHardwareAddress();
        if (macBytes == null) {
          return "";
        }

        StringBuilder res1 = new StringBuilder();
        for (byte b : macBytes) {
          res1.append(Integer.toHexString(b & 0xFF) + ":");
        }
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        for (int i = 0; i < macBytes.length; i++) {
          sb.append(String.format("%02X%s", macBytes[i], (i < macBytes.length - 1) ? "-" : ""));
        }
        if (res1.length() > 0) {
          res1.deleteCharAt(res1.length() - 1);
        }
        return res1.toString();
      }
    } catch (Exception ex) {
      //handle exception
    }
    return getMacAddress();
  }

public static String loadFileAsString(String filePath) throws java.io.IOException{
    StringBuffer data = new StringBuffer(1000);
    BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(filePath));
    char[] buf = new char[1024];
    int numRead=0;
    while((numRead=reader.read(buf)) != -1){
      String readData = String.valueOf(buf, 0, numRead);
      data.append(readData);
    }
    reader.close();
    return data.toString();
  }

  public static String getMacAddress(){
    try {
      return loadFileAsString("/sys/class/net/eth0/address")
              .toUpperCase().substring(0, 17);
    } catch (IOException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
      return "02:00:00:00:00:00";
    }
  }

Answer 9

你可以得到mac地址：

WifiManager wifiManager = (WifiManager) getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE);
WifiInfo wInfo = wifiManager.getConnectionInfo();
String mac = wInfo.getMacAddress();

在 Menifest.xml 中設置權限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE"></uses-permission>

Answer 10

使用這個簡單的方法

WifiManager wm = (WifiManager) getApplicationContext().getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE);
            String WLANMAC = wm.getConnectionInfo().getMacAddress();

Answer 11

取自這里的 Android 資源。 這是在系統設置應用程序中顯示您的 MAC 地址的實際代碼。

private void refreshWifiInfo() {
    WifiInfo wifiInfo = mWifiManager.getConnectionInfo();

    Preference wifiMacAddressPref = findPreference(KEY_MAC_ADDRESS);
    String macAddress = wifiInfo == null ? null : wifiInfo.getMacAddress();
    wifiMacAddressPref.setSummary(!TextUtils.isEmpty(macAddress) ? macAddress
            : getActivity().getString(R.string.status_unavailable));

    Preference wifiIpAddressPref = findPreference(KEY_CURRENT_IP_ADDRESS);
    String ipAddress = Utils.getWifiIpAddresses(getActivity());
    wifiIpAddressPref.setSummary(ipAddress == null ?
            getActivity().getString(R.string.status_unavailable) : ipAddress);
}

Answer 12

我知道這是一個非常古老的問題，但還有另一種方法可以做到這一點。 下面的代碼編譯沒有錯誤，但我還沒有嘗試過。 您可以編寫一些 C 代碼並使用 JNI（Java Native Interface）來獲取 MAC 地址。 這是示例主要活動代碼：

package com.example.getmymac;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.TextView;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

public class GetMyMacActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    static { // here we are importing native library.
        // name of the library is libnet-utils.so, in cmake and java code
        // we just use name "net-utils".
        System.loadLibrary("net-utils");
    }

    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main_screen);

        // some debug text and a TextView.
        Log.d(NetUtilsActivity.class.getSimpleName(), "Starting app...");
        TextView text = findViewById(R.id.sample_text);

        // the get_mac_addr native function, implemented in C code.
        byte[] macArr = get_mac_addr(null);
        // since it is a byte array, we format it and convert to string.
        String val = String.format("%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x",
                macArr[0], macArr[1], macArr[2],
                macArr[3], macArr[4], macArr[5]);
        // print it to log and TextView.
        Log.d(NetUtilsActivity.class.getSimpleName(), val);
        text.setText(val);
    }

    // here is the prototype of the native function.
    // use native keyword to indicate it is a native function,
    // implemented in C code.
    private native byte[] get_mac_addr(String interface_name);
}

以及布局文件 main_screen.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/sample_text"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/app_name"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"/>

</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

清單文件，我不知道要添加什么權限，所以我添加了一些。

<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.getmymac">

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">

        <activity android:name=".GetMyMacActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN"/>
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"/>
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>
</manifest>

get_mac_addr 函數的 C 實現。

/* length of array that MAC address is stored. */
#define MAC_ARR_LEN 6

#define BUF_SIZE 256

#include <jni.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <net/if.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#define ERROR_IOCTL 1
#define ERROR_SOCKT 2

static jboolean
cstr_eq_jstr(JNIEnv *env, const char *cstr, jstring jstr) {
    /* see [this](https://stackoverflow.com/a/38204842) */

    jstring cstr_as_jstr = (*env)->NewStringUTF(env, cstr);
    jclass cls = (*env)->GetObjectClass(env, jstr);
    jmethodID method_id = (*env)->GetMethodID(env, cls, "equals", "(Ljava/lang/Object;)Z");
    jboolean equal = (*env)->CallBooleanMethod(env, jstr, method_id, cstr_as_jstr);
    return equal;
}

static void
get_mac_by_ifname(jchar *ifname, JNIEnv *env, jbyteArray arr, int *error) {
    /* see [this](https://stackoverflow.com/a/1779758) */

    struct ifreq ir;
    struct ifconf ic;
    char buf[BUF_SIZE];
    int ret = 0, sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_IP);

    if (sock == -1) {
        *error = ERROR_SOCKT;
        return;
    }

    ic.ifc_len = BUF_SIZE;
    ic.ifc_buf = buf;

    ret = ioctl(sock, SIOCGIFCONF, &ic);
    if (ret) {
        *error = ERROR_IOCTL;
        goto err_cleanup;
    }

    struct ifreq *it = ic.ifc_req; /* iterator */
    struct ifreq *end = it + (ic.ifc_len / sizeof(struct ifreq));

    int found = 0; /* found interface named `ifname' */

    /* while we find an interface named `ifname' or arrive end */
    while (it < end && found == 0) {
        strcpy(ir.ifr_name, it->ifr_name);
        ret = ioctl(sock, SIOCGIFFLAGS, &ir);
        if (ret == 0) {
            if (!(ir.ifr_flags & IFF_LOOPBACK)) {
                ret = ioctl(sock, SIOCGIFHWADDR, &ir);
                if (ret) {
                    *error = ERROR_IOCTL;
                    goto err_cleanup;
                }

                if (ifname != NULL) {
                    if (cstr_eq_jstr(env, ir.ifr_name, ifname)) {
                        found = 1;
                    }
                }
            }
        } else {
            *error = ERROR_IOCTL;
            goto err_cleanup;
        }
        ++it;
    }

    /* copy the MAC address to byte array */
    (*env)->SetByteArrayRegion(env, arr, 0, 6, ir.ifr_hwaddr.sa_data);
    /* cleanup, close the socket connection */
    err_cleanup: close(sock);
}

JNIEXPORT jbyteArray JNICALL
Java_com_example_getmymac_GetMyMacActivity_get_1mac_1addr(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz,
                                                          jstring interface_name) {
    /* first, allocate space for the MAC address. */
    jbyteArray mac_addr = (*env)->NewByteArray(env, MAC_ARR_LEN);
    int error = 0;

    /* then just call `get_mac_by_ifname' function */
    get_mac_by_ifname(interface_name, env, mac_addr, &error);

    return mac_addr;
}

最后，CMakeLists.txt 文件

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.4.1)
add_library(net-utils SHARED src/main/cpp/net-utils.c)
target_link_libraries(net-utils android log)

Answer 13

這個ip link | grep -A1 wlan0 ip link | grep -A1 wlan0命令適用於 Android 9，來自如何在 Termux 中確定 wifi 硬件地址

Answer 14

我想我剛剛找到了一種無需 LOCATION 權限即可讀取 MAC 地址的方法：運行ip link並解析其輸出。 （您可能可以通過查看此二進制文件的源代碼來做類似的事情）