django - int參數必須是字符串或數字，而不是'元組'

Question

我一直在看這幾個小時，我似乎無法理解為什么我收到這條消息......

int() argument must be a string or a number, not 'tuple'

從我的views.py這一行（注意：異常實際上發生在django核心內部更深層次，但這是我的代碼行，最終觸發了異常）...

service_interest = ServiceInterest.objects.get_or_create(service = service, client = client)

為什么我收到此錯誤？ 為了您的利益，請參閱以下models.py，forms.py和views.py中的代碼段。

models.py：

class Client(models.Model):
  name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
  email = models.EmailField()
  site = models.URLField()
  contact_date = models.DateField(default = datetime.date.today())

class Service(models.Model):
  name = models.CharField(max_length=200)

class ServiceInterest(models.Model):
  service = models.ForeignKey('Service')
  client = models.ForeignKey('Client')

  class Meta:
    unique_together = ("service", "client")

forms.py ...

class ContactForm(forms.Form):


SERVICE_CHOICES = (
    ('first_choice', 'Description of first choice'),
    ('second_choice', 'Description of second choice'),
    ('third_choice', 'Description of third choice'),
    ('other', 'Other')
  )

  SERVICE_CHOICES_DICT = dict(SERVICE_CHOICES)

  name = forms.CharField(label='What would you like us to call you?', max_length=200, required=False)
  email = forms.EmailField(label='What is your email address?', help_text='Ex: yourname@gmail.com')
  url = forms.URLField(label='If you have a website, please provide a link', required=False, help_text="Ex: www.yoursite.com")
  service_interest = forms.MultipleChoiceField(label="Please check all of the services you're interested in:", widget=forms.widgets.CheckboxSelectMultiple, choices=SERVICE_CHOICES, required=True)
  other = forms.CharField(label='If you selected \"Other\", please specify:', max_length=200, required=False)
  message = forms.CharField(max_length=10000, required=False, label='Any other information you think we should know?', widget=forms.widgets.Textarea)

  def clean_other(self):
    cleaned_data = super(ContactForm, self).clean()
    if 'service_interest' in cleaned_data.keys():
      options = cleaned_data['service_interest']
      if 'other' in options:
        other_input = cleaned_data['other']
        if other_input == None or len(other_input) == 0:
          raise forms.ValidationError('Required when \"Other\" is checked')

    return cleaned_data

來自views.py的相關代碼：

  name = form.cleaned_data['name']
  email = form.cleaned_data['email']
  url = form.cleaned_data['url']
  interests = form.cleaned_data['service_interest']
  other = form.cleaned_data['other']
  message = form.cleaned_data['message']

  client = Client.objects.get_or_create(name = name, email = email, site = url)
  for interest in interests:
    service = None
    if(interest != 'other'):
      service = Service.objects.get_or_create(name = ContactForm.SERVICE_CHOICES_DICT[interest])
    else:
      service = Service.objects.get_or_create(name = other)

    # Appears to be responsible for the stack trace, even though exception
    # is one level deeper in...
    # /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py in get_response
    service_interest = ServiceInterest.objects.get_or_create(service = service, client = client)

Answer 1

get_or_create以(instance, created)的形式返回元組。 第二個參數告訴你是否必須創建它，顯然已經足夠了。 請執行以下操作：

client, created = Client.objects.get_or_create(name = name, email = email, site = url)